LI ISOTOPE SIGNATURES USING OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIS JONES ◽  
JASON DARVIN ◽  
KIMBERLY FESSLER
Keyword(s):  
Li Isotope

scholarly journals Performance of the SoLid reactor neutrino detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Maja Verstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Neutrino Detector ◽  
Channel Response ◽  
In Situ Calibration ◽  
Reactor Neutrino ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Better Than

The SoLid Collaboration is currently operating a 1.6 ton neutrino detector near the Belgian BR2 reactor. Its main goal is the observation of the oscillation of electron antineutrinos to previously undetected flavour states. The highly segmented SoLid detector employs a compound scintillation technology based on PVT scintillator in combination with LiF-ZnS(Ag) screens containing the 6Li isotope. The experiment has demonstrated a channel-to-channel response that can be controlled to the level of a few percent, an energy resolution of better than 14% at 1 MeV, and a determination of the interaction vertex with a precision of 5 cm. This contribution highlights the major outcomes of the R&D program, the quality control during component manufacture and integration, the current performance and stability of the full-scale system, as well as the in-situ calibration of the detector with various radioactive sources.

scholarly journals Li isotopes in metal-poor halo dwarfs: a more and more complicated story

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S268) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Monique Spite ◽  
François Spite
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
The Other ◽  
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis ◽  
Lithium Abundance ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Low Metallicity ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
Early Galaxy

AbstractThe nuclei of the lithium isotopes are fragile, easily destroyed, so that, at variance with most of the other elements, they cannot be formed in stars through steady hydrostatic nucleosynthesis.The 7Li isotope is synthesized during primordial nucleosynthesis in the first minutes after the Big Bang and later by cosmic rays, by novae and in pulsations of AGB stars (possibly also by the ν process). 6Li is mainly formed by cosmic rays. The oldest (most metal-deficient) warm galactic stars should retain the signature of these processes if, (as it had been often expected) lithium is not depleted in these stars. The existence of a “plateau” of the abundance of 7Li (and of its slope) in the warm metal-poor stars is discussed. At very low metallicity ([Fe/H] < −2.7dex) the star to star scatter increases significantly towards low Li abundances. The highest value of the lithium abundance in the early stellar matter of the Galaxy (logϵ(Li) = A(7Li) = 2.2 dex) is much lower than the the value (logϵ(Li) = 2.72) predicted by the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, according to the specifications found by the satellite WMAP. After gathering a homogeneous stellar sample, and analysing its behaviour, possible explanations of the disagreement between Big Bang and stellar abundances are discussed (including early astration and diffusion). On the other hand, possibilities of lower productions of 7Li in the standard and/or non-standard Big Bang nucleosyntheses are briefly evoked.A surprisingly high value (A(6Li)=0.8 dex) of the abundance of the 6Li isotope has been found in a few warm metal-poor stars. Such a high abundance of 6Li independent of the mean metallicity in the early Galaxy cannot be easily explained. But are we really observing 6Li?

LOW TEMPERATURE NEUTRON DIFFRACTION ON CONGRUENT AND NEAR STOICHIOMETRIC LiNbO3

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 1250142 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUHUA YAO ◽  
YUANHUA SANG ◽  
DEHONG YU ◽  
MAXIM AVDEEV ◽  
HONG LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Neutron Powder Diffraction ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Anisotropic Displacement Parameters ◽  
Li Content ◽  
Large Disorder ◽  
Mg Doped

Neutron powder diffraction has been carried out on a congruent LiNbO 3 sample containing 7 Li isotope ( C 7 LN ) and a near stoichiometric Mg doped LiNbO 3 sample ( Mg : NSLN ) in the temperature range of 4 K and 90 K. Large anisotropic displacement parameters (ADPs) of the Li ions have shown evidence of large disorder along the c-axis for both samples. The results have shown no evidence for the existence of anomalous structural behavior for both samples at low temperatures, although abnormal structural features at 55 K and 100 K for a LiNbO 3 crystal having different Li content as the samples used in the present studies have been observed by Fernandez-Ruiz et al. [Phys. Rev. B72 (2005) 184108].

scholarly journals Experimental determination of Li isotope behaviour during basalt weathering

2019 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann ◽  
Wesley T. Fraser ◽  
Samantha J. Hammond ◽  
Gary Tarbuck ◽  
Ian G. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Basalt Weathering ◽  
Li Isotope

scholarly journals Experimental constraints on Li isotope fractionation during the interaction between kaolinite and seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 333-347
Author(s):  
Xu (Yvon) Zhang ◽  
Giuseppe D. Saldi ◽  
Jacques Schott ◽  
Julien Bouchez ◽  
Marie Kuessner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Li Isotope

Petrographic and Sr–Nd–Pb–Li isotope characteristics of a complex lamproite intrusion from the Saxo-Thuringian Zone: A unique example of peralkaline mantle-derived melt differentiation

Lithos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 374-375 ◽  
pp. 105735
Author(s):  
Lukáš Krmíček ◽  
Rolf L. Romer ◽  
Jan Cempírek ◽  
Petr Gadas ◽  
Simona Krmíčková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Li Isotope

scholarly journals Technical note: Lithium isotopes in dolostone as a palaeo-environmental proxy – an experimental approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly L. Taylor ◽  
Isaac J. Kell Duivestein ◽  
Juraj Farkas ◽  
Martin Dietzel ◽  
Anthony Dosseto
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Fractionation Factor ◽  
Calcium Carbonates ◽  
Marine Carbonates ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Environmental Proxy

Abstract. Lithium (Li) isotopes in marine carbonates have considerable potential as a proxy to constrain past changes in silicate weathering fluxes and improve our understanding of Earth's climate. To date the majority of Li isotope studies on marine carbonates have focussed on calcium carbonates. The determination of the Li isotope fractionation between dolomite and a dolomitizing fluid would allow us to extend investigations to deep times (i.e. Precambrian) when dolostones were the most abundant marine carbonate archives. Dolostones often contain a significant proportion of detrital silicate material, which dominates the Li budget; thus, pretreatment needs to be designed so that only the isotope composition of the carbonate-associated Li is measured. This study aims to serve two main goals: (1) to determine the Li isotope fractionation between Ca–Mg carbonates and solution, and (2) to develop a method for leaching the carbonate-associated Li out of dolostone while not affecting the Li contained within the detrital portion of the rock. We synthesized Ca–Mg carbonates at high temperatures (150 to 220 ∘C) and measured the Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of the precipitated solids and their respective reactive solutions. The relationship of the Li isotope fractionation factor with temperature was obtained: 103ln⁡αprec-sol=-(2.56±0.27)106(1)/T2+(5.8±1.3) Competitive nucleation and growth between dolomite and magnesite were observed during the experiments; however, there was no notable effect of their relative proportion on the apparent Li isotope fractionation. We found that Li isotope fractionation between the precipitated solid and solution is higher for Ca–Mg carbonates than for Ca carbonates. If the temperature of a precipitating solution is known or can be estimated independently, the above equation could be used in conjunction with the Li isotope composition of dolostones to derive the composition of the solution and hence make inferences about the past Li cycle. In addition, we also conducted leaching experiments on a Neoproterozoic dolostone and a Holocene coral. Results show that leaching with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) or 0.5 % acetic acid (HAc) at room temperature for 60 min releases Li from the carbonate fraction without a significant contribution of Li from the siliciclastic detrital component. These experimental and analytical developments provide a basis for the use of Li isotopes in dolostones as a palaeo-environmental proxy, which will contribute to further advance our understanding of the evolution of Earth's surface environments.

Fraktionierung der Li-Isotope bei der Reaktion von metallischem Lithium mit Alkylhalogeniden

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
W. Herzog ◽  
W. Betz ◽  
A. Neubert
Keyword(s):  
Li Isotope

Bei den Reaktionenn-C4H9Cl + 2 Li → n-C4H9Li + LiCl undn-C4H9Br + 2 Li -+ n-C4H9Li + LiBrreichert sich 6Li im LiCl bzw. LiBr und 7Li im C4H9Li an. Als Lösungsmittel für die Alkylverbindungen wurde Benzol benutzt.Versuche mit frühzeitig unterbrochener Reaktion ergaben eine Abhängigkeit der Fraktionierung von der Reaktionsdauer. Durch Versuche mit 6Li-markiertem C4H9Li wurde gezeigt, daß die Reaktionsprodukte Li-Isotope austauschen.Der für große Reaktionsdauer gemessene Gleichgewichtseffekt wird mit dem Effekt verglichen, der sich aus den molekularen Vibrationsfrequenzen der Li-Halogenide und des hexameren C4H9Li berechnen läßt. Die größere Fraktionierung bei kurzer Reaktionsdauer läßt sich sowohl durch einen kinetischen Isotopie-Effekt als auch durch eine Abhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtskonstanten von der C4H9Li-Konzentration infolge der Assoziation des C4H9Li und der damit verbundenen Änderung der Vibrationsfrequenzen erklären.

scholarly journals The impact of anthropogenic inputs on lithium content in river and tap water

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Bin Choi ◽  
Jong-Sik Ryu ◽  
Woo-Jin Shin ◽  
Nathalie Vigier
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Lithium Content ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe use of lithium (Li) has dramatically increased during the last two decades due to the proliferation of mobile electronic devices and the diversification of electric-powered vehicles. Lithium is also prescribed as a medication against bipolar disorder. While Li can exert a toxic effect on living organisms, few studies have investigated the impact of anthropogenic inputs on Li levels in the environment. Here we report Li concentrations and Li isotope compositions of river, waste and tap water, and industrial products from the metropolitan city of Seoul. Results show that the large increase in population density in Seoul is accompanied by a large enrichment in aqueous Li. Lithium isotopes evidence a major release from Li-rich materials. Water treatment protocols are also shown to be inefficient for Li. Our study therefore highlights the need for a global Li survey and adequate solutions for minimizing their impact on ecosystems and city dwellers.

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