Produced Waters: Expansion of the CO2 Saline Storage Cost Model - Development of Cost Data for Water Production, Utilization, and Disposal

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis paper assesses the total medical costs associated with the US anthrax letter attacks of 2001. This information can be used to inform policies, which may help mitigate the potential economic impacts of similar bioterrorist attacks.MethodsJournal publications and news reports were reviewed to establish the number of people who were exposed, were potentially exposed, received prophylactics, and became ill. Where available, cost data from the anthrax letter attacks were used. Where data were unavailable, high, low, and best cost estimates were developed from the broader literature to create a cost model and establish economic impacts.ResultsMedical spending totaled approximately $177 million.ConclusionsThe largest expenditures stemmed from self-initiated prophylaxis (worried well): people who sought prophylactic treatment without any indication that they had been exposed to anthrax letters. This highlights an area of focus for mitigating the economic impacts of future disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:539-546)

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Dynamic quality cost model based on complexity theory

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management ◽

10.1108/ijqrm-07-2014-0085 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

NASARIO DE SOUSA FILIPE DUARTE JUNIOR

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Complexity Theory ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Cost Model ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Time Lag ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Model Development ◽

Quality Costs ◽

Dynamic Quality

Purpose This article presents a dynamic model of decision-making on Quality Costs, using the concepts of the Complexity Theory, consistent with the PAF models (Prevention Appraisal-Failures) and with the “optimum” derivation feature (generally towards Zero Defects). Design/methodology/approach After a literature review and the mathematical model development, this model was simulated in several situations and the results were evaluated, producing new insights. Findings The results show that the larger the delay between action and reaction "t" is, the more complex the system will be, and the effects of the decisions are experienced for “k” later periods, but for some specific “t” a dynamic balance is possible. Research limitations/implications The strategy is immutable. The quantity produced is not a variable in the model. The investment amount “x” is fixed. Originality/value This model is original due to the use of the Complexity Theory, and also to show that the optimum in terms of quality costs can be a positive value or Zero Defects, being in fact a moving target, depending on external conditions. The model value lies in the fact that it is dynamic, so closer to the reality of decision-making enterprises, and for revealing the importance of factors involved with complexity has, such as the time lag "t" for the success of management strategies of Quality Costs.

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Costing resource use of the Namaste Care Intervention UK: a novel framework for costing dementia care interventions in care homes

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610218002314 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 1429-1438 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jennifer Bray ◽

Dawn Brooker ◽

Isabelle Latham ◽

Faith Wray ◽

Darrin Baines

Keyword(s):

Usual Care ◽

Resource Use ◽

Cost Model ◽

Care Home ◽

Well Being ◽

Additional Cost ◽

Full Cost ◽

Care Intervention ◽

The Cost ◽

Cost Model Development

ABSTRACTObjectives:To develop a representative full cost model for a UK version of the multi-component, non-pharmacological Namaste Care intervention for care home residents with advanced dementia.Design:The Namaste Care Intervention UK comprises multiple individual cost components, and a comprehensive list of all possible resources that could be expended in each cost component formed the initial stage of the cost model development. Resource use was divided into three key areas: staff, capital and consumables. Representative costs were identified for each of the possible resources, with a standard approach being used for all resources within each of the three key areas.Assumptions were made regarding the number and duration of sessions, group size, involvement of different staff members, and additional activity before and after a session, as these all have an impact on resource use and hence cost. A comparable ‘usual care’ session for residents not receiving Namaste Care was also costed to enable the ‘additional’ cost of delivering Namaste Care to be calculated.Results:The full cost model indicates that Namaste Care Intervention UK costs approximately £8-£10 more per resident per 2-hour session than a comparable period of usual care. However, positive impacts on resident and staff well-being resulting from receiving Namaste Care will also have their own associated costs/benefits which may negate the ‘additional’ cost of the intervention.Conclusions:The cost model provides the first opportunity to investigate the full costs associated with Namaste Care, and will be refined as additional information is captured during subsequent phases of the research.

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