scholarly journals Radiation History of Fission Gamma-Ray Spectra Relevant to Post-Detonation Debris Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Tonchev ◽  
Jack Silano ◽  
Jerry Wilhelmy
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Radiation History ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Seventy Years of Calorimetry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wigmans
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Gamma Ray Detectors ◽  
History Of

The history of calorimetry is described, starting with the small scintillating crystals that were used as nuclear gamma ray detectors, to the multi-ton instruments that form the heart of modern experiments at colliding-beam accelerators. The different experimental techniques that are used for generating signals are reviewed.

Generation and Application of Terahertz Radiation: History and Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Gennadiy N. Kulipanov
Keyword(s):  
Terahertz Radiation ◽  
Radiation History ◽  
History Of

History of terahertz research as well as recent achievements and perspectives is briefly described in this paper

Gamma-Ray Bursts as Probes of the Universe

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Observable Universe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

This chapter focuses on how gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emerging as unique tools in the study of broad areas of astronomy and physics by virtue of their special properties. The unassailable fact about GRBs that makes them such great probes is that they are fantastically bright and so can be seen to the farthest reaches of the observable Universe. In parallel with the ongoing study of GRB events and progenitors, new lines of inquiry have burgeoned: using GRBs as unique probes of the Universe in ways that are almost completely divorced from the nature of GRBs themselves. Topics discussed include studies of gas, dust, and galaxies; the history of star formation; measuring reionization and the first objects in the universe; neutrinos, gravitational waves, and cosmic rays; quantum gravity and the expansion of the universe; and the future of GRBs.

scholarly journals The Unsolved Problem of Stellar Origins

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 533-549
Author(s):  
Charles J. Lada
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Giant Molecular Clouds ◽  
Observational Astronomy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Large Telescopes ◽  
The Universe

We now stand at the threshold of the 21st century having witnessed perhaps the greatest era of astronomical discovery in the history of mankind. During the twentieth century the subject of astronomy was revolutionized and completely transformed by technology and physics. Advances in technology that produced radio astronomy, infrared astronomy, UV, X and γ ray astronomy, large telescopes on the ground, in balloons, aircraft and space coupled with advances in nuclear, atomic and high energy physics forever changed the way in which the universe is viewed. Indeed, it is altogether likely that future historians of science will consider the twentieth century as the Golden Age of observational astronomy. As a measure of how far we have come in the last 100 years, recall that at the turn of this century the nature of spiral nebulae and of the Milky Way itself as an island universe were not yet revealed. The expansion of the universe and the microwave background were not yet discovered and exotic objects such as quasars, pulsars, gamma-ray bursters and black holes were not even envisioned by the most imaginative authors of science fiction. The interstellar medium, with its giant molecular clouds, magnetic fields and obscuring dust was unknown. Not even the nature of stars, these most fundamental objects of the astronomical universe, was understood.

A brief history of the discovery of cosmic gamma-ray bursts

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Bonnell ◽  
R. W. Klebesadel
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
History Of

Unusual Time History of Hard X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Emissions from the 1981 April 4 Flare

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 3683-3688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Yoshimori ◽  
Kiyoaki Okudaira ◽  
Tomoki Yanagimachi
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Time History ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Burst Theory: Back to the Drawing Board

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 863-868
Author(s):  
Alice K. Harding
Keyword(s):  
Particle Acceleration ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Acceleration Of Particles ◽  
Gamma Ray Burst ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drawing Board ◽  
The Impact

AbstractGamma-ray bursts have always been intriguing sources to study in terms of particle acceleration, but not since their discovery two decades ago has the theory of these objects been in such turmoil. Prior to the launch of Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory and observations by BATSE, there was strong evidence pointing to magnetized Galactic neutron stars as the sources of gamma-ray bursts. However, since BATSE the observational picture has changed dramatically, requiring much more distant and possibly cosmological sources. I review the history of gamma-ray burst theory from the era of growing consensus for nearby neutron stars to the recent explosion of halo and cosmological models and the impact of the present confusion on the particle acceleration problem.Subject headings: acceleration of particles — gamma rays: bursts

scholarly journals Comparing the birth rate of stellar black holes in binary black hole mergers and long gamma-ray bursts

2018 ◽  
Vol 610 ◽  
pp. A58
Author(s):  
J.-L. Atteia ◽  
J.-P. Dezalay ◽  
O. Godet ◽  
A. Klotz ◽  
D. Turpin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Binary Black Hole ◽  
History Of

Context. Gravitational wave interferometers have proven the existence of a new class of binary black hole (BBH) weighing tens of solar masses, and have provided the first reliable measurement of the rate of coalescing black holes (BHs) in the local Universe. Furthermore, long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected with gamma-ray satellites are believed to be associated with the birth of stellar-mass BHs, providing a measure of the rate of these events across the history of the Universe, thanks to the measure of their cosmological redshift. These two types of sources, which are subject to different detection biases and involve BHs born in different environments with potentially different characteristics, provide complementary information on the birth rate of stellar BHs. Aims. We compare the birth rates of BHs found in BBH mergers and in long GRBs. Methods. We construct a simple model that makes reasonable assumptions on the history of GRB formation, and takes into account some major uncertainties, like the beaming angle of GRBs or the delay between the formation of BBHs and their coalescence. We use this model to evaluate the ratio of the number of stellar mass BHs formed in BBH mergers to those formed in GRBs. Results. We find that in our reference model the birth rate of stellar BHs in BBH mergers represents a significant fraction of the rate of long GRBs and that comparable birth rates are favored by models with moderate beaming angles. These numbers, however, do not consider subluminous GRBs, which may represent another population of sources associated with the birth of stellar mass BHs. We briefly discuss this result in view of our understanding of the progenitors of GRBs and BBH mergers, and we emphasize that this ratio, which will be better constrained in the coming years, can be directly compared with the prediction of stellar evolution models if a single model is used to produce GRBs and BBH mergers with the same assumptions.

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