Technical & Programmatic Solutions for DPC Direct Disposal: Engineering Cost Analysis Support - Scoping.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Engineering Cost

Wireless technologies and policies for connecting rural areas in emerging countries: a case study in rural Peru

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Espinoza ◽  
David Reed
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Broadband Services ◽  
Engineering Cost

Purpose This paper aims to compare the costs of deploying different wireless terrestrial broadband technologies in the Andes and Amazon Regions of Peru. These areas are representatives of different and challenging geographic regions throughout the globe that currently are severely underserved or unserved for vital broadband services necessary to bridge the “Digital Divide”. Design/methodology/approach The broadband technologies studied include Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), long term evolution (LTE), TVWS and new stratospheric platforms (super-pressure balloons). This study conducts a technical analysis (design and simulation) of wireless broadband networks, and a bottom-up engineering cost analysis to estimate and compare the deployment and operating costs of the networks over a 10-year period. The analysis also identifies potential regulatory barriers to deployment associated with spectrum allocation licenses and overbooking requirements intended to improve quality of service. Findings Comparison of the capital and operating expenses of these options over a 10-year period finds that LTE and Wi-Fi can be the lowest cost alternatives, though significantly, stratospheric balloons have the lowest initial costs for the first few years and can factor as a low-cost broadband catalyst early in deployment. Finally, the lowest cost technology broadband roadmap for the 10-year period is presented, which includes using stratospheric balloons (carrying micro-LTE base stations) for the first years and deploying complementary terrestrial LTE networks for the rest of the 10-year period. Originality/value This study presents detailed technical and engineering cost analysis results of wireless access network deployments, including advanced wireless technologies and new unmanned aerial systems, to expand broadband services to rural areas in mountainous (Andes Region) and rainforest (Amazon Region) geographies to reduce the digital divide in emerging countries. Results aim to aid governments, regulators, internet service providers (incumbents and competitive) and content providers to assess current alternatives to expand broadband service in these rural areas.

The Design of Electronic Engineering Budget Software Based on Construction Drawing Recognition Technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 34-35 ◽  
pp. 1258-1262
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Hu ◽  
Jun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Electronic Engineering ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Engineering Cost ◽  
Semantic Properties

Electronic engineering budget software provides a powerful tool for the electronic engineering cost analysis, reduces the tedious hand-written budget work of the Engineer. However, to break down the project, and input into project budget software are still time-consuming works. This thesis identifies electronic engineering construction drawings using image recognition technology, automatically calculates the engineer quantities in accordance with the semantic properties of the image pixel, and finally designs electronic engineering budget software based on construction drawing recognition technology. Software application shows that the time of budget book using PRBudget is only 1% of manual preparation, and the average error of calculate is 3.89%, so it can apply to practical engineering.

Cost Analysis: A Methodological Statement

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Keith Womer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis
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