scholarly journals The accident at Gorleben: A case study of risk communication and risk amplification in the Federal Republic of Germany

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
H P Peters ◽  
L Hennen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Risk Amplification

Conscientious Objection and the State

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-687
Author(s):  
Adi Livny
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The abundant writing on conscientious objection (CO) had kept one significant actor rather neglected—the state. Relatively unexplored is the question of how democracies shape their policies toward CO. This article wishes to address this gap, focusing in particular on states that maintain conscription, and examining what accounts for their different responses to CO. Based on the Israeli case study, while drawing on comparative insights from The Federal Republic of Germany and Switzerland during the Cold War, I argue that states’ treatment of CO depends primarily on the military’s status and the type of roles assigned to conscription. States in which these roles are mainly functional, and the military does not enjoy, accordingly, a high symbolic status will be more inclined to formally recognize CO than states in which the military fulfills civilian–social roles and enjoys a high symbolic status. Lack of recognition, however, does not necessarily imply harshness; states of the latter sort might nonetheless accommodate CO through unofficial means. Thus, when discussing the policy towards CO a distinction is ought to be made between accommodation and recognition.

The politics of leadership capital in compound democracies: inferences from the German case

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludger Helms
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Executive Leadership ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Leadership Research

This article offers a contextualization of the recently introduced leadership capital concept within the wider field of political leadership research, and a demonstration of its usefulness for studying leadership performances and patterns in different institutional and political contexts. At the centre of this piece, is an application of the leadership capital approach to studying the conditions and manifestations of executive leadership in the Federal Republic of Germany, which is being considered a classic case of a compound democracy. As the inquiry into the German case suggests, the politics of leadership capital is in fact strongly shaped by the institutional framework of a regime. That said, institutions do not determine the accumulation and spending of leadership capital, and after all, even within a given institutional context, different leaders lead by making different choices. As a case study on Helmut Kohl, the Federal Republic’s longest serving chancellor, demonstrates, the leadership capital approach marks a useful and meaningful conceptual device for a deeper analytical understanding of a leader’s performance. An inquiry carried out along these lines suggests in particular that informality was one of Kohl’s key strengths across all three dimensions of leadership capital (skills, relations, and reputation), which effectively ‘freed’ him to some considerable extent from the supposedly vital ‘performative’ parts of the office of chief executive.

scholarly journals Da'wah Amongst Secular Communities: Case Study on Al-Falah Mosque Indonesian Society, Berlin

ADDIN ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
M. Yunan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The World ◽  
Supernatural Beliefs ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
Secular Life

<em>As the capital city of the Federal Republic of Germany, Berlin shows shades of very thick secular life. Society perceives that religious or supernatural beliefs are not considered as key understanding the world. Therefore, religion must be separated from issues of government and public affairs. It simply seen as merely an individual problem. Inevitably the nuances of life, it will affect Indonesian who are followers of Islam in Berlin. They will be a challenge, especially the Moslem communities who interact with fellow Moslems in maintaining Islamic values is very rarely. In addition, it also felt the rise of individualism attitude that emphasizes life nafsi-nafsi among themselves. This obviously affects the religious belief that a bit much degraded in consciousness and its practice. To overcome this, Al-Falah Mosque Indonesisches Weisheitits-und Kulturzentrum (IWKZ) Berlin proselytizes enlightening discussion. These da’wah activities carried out can stem the influence of secular life faced by Indonesian who are Moslem in Berlin.</em>

Professional Qualification of German Physicians in Medical Informatics

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 312-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Professional Qualification ◽  
Medical Degree ◽  
Formal Program ◽  
Medical Domain

Abstract:In addition to the medical education in the Federal Republic of Germany which includes a compulsory Medical Informatics course there exists a formal program for professional qualification of physicians in Medical Informatics. After two years of clinical practice and 1.5 years of professional training at an authorized institution, a physician may receive in addition to the medical degree a “supplement Medical Informatics”. The qualification requirements are described in detail. Physicians with the additional Medical Informatics qualification perform responsible tasks in their medical domain and serve as partners for fully specialized Medical Informatics ex-’ perts in the solution of practical Medical Informatics problems. The formal qualification is available for more than 10 years, has become increasingly attractive, and is expected to grow with respect to future Medical Informatics developments.

Studies on Thalidomide as a Cause of Congenital Malformations

1963 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Knapp ◽  
W. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Many Sources

SummaryIn 1961 an increase in certain congenital malformations was noticed in various parts of the Federal Republic of Germany. From the outset, it seemed very probable that a single cause was responsible, since, although these malformations varied, they appeared to belong to one and the same syndrome. For general reasons, such causes as radioactivity, contraceptives, attempted abortions or virus diseases did not provide an acceptable explanation. The epidemiology was, however, suggestive of some chemical substance taken orally.After thalidomide had been indicated in several histories, suspicion of that drug was aroused and, within one week, intake of it could be proved or was found to be very likely in 17 out of 20 cases, while in the remaining cases it could not be excluded. Though this first result was highly significant, we were at first reluctant to incriminate thalidomide definitely, because there was still some doubt about the reliability of the histories. But within a few weeks, the thalidomide aetiology received support from many sources. Specific studies on limited material are sometimes superior to extensive, broadly planned investigations.

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