scholarly journals Rapid Detection and Characterization of Emerging Foreign Animal Disease Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jaing
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Foreign Animal Disease

scholarly journals A broad range assay for rapid detection and etiologic characterization of bacterial meningitis: performance testing in samples from sub-Sahara

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Won ◽  
Samuel Yang ◽  
Charlotte Gaydos ◽  
Justin Hardick ◽  
Padmini Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Performance Testing

Foreign Animal Disease Outbreaks

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-354
Author(s):  
Danelle A. Bickett-Weddle ◽  
Michael W. Sanderson ◽  
Elizabeth J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Foreign Animal Disease

Preparing for a Foreign Animal Disease Outbreak Using a Novel Tabletop Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-646
Author(s):  
Eric J. Linskens ◽  
Abby E. Neu ◽  
Emily J. Walz ◽  
Kaitlyn M. St. Charles ◽  
Marie R. Culhane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Food System ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Foreign Animal Disease

AbstractIntroductionForeign animal disease (FAD) outbreaks can have devastating impacts, but they occur infrequently in any specific sector anywhere in the United States (US). Training to proactively discuss implementation of control and prevention strategies are beneficial in that they provide stakeholders with the practical information and educational experience they will need to respond effectively to an FAD. Such proactive approaches are the mission of the Secure Food System (SFS; University of Minnesota; St. Paul, Minnesota USA).MethodsThe SFS exercises were designed as educational activities based on avian influenza (AI) outbreaks in commercial poultry scenarios. These scenarios were created by subject matter experts and were based on epidemiology reports, risk pathway analyses, local industry practices, and site-specific circumstances. Target audiences of an exercise were the groups involved in FAD control: animal agriculture industry members; animal health regulators; and diagnosticians. Groups of industry participants seated together at tables represented fictional poultry premises and were guided by a moderator to respond to an on-farm situation within a simulated outbreak. The impact of SFS exercises was evaluated through interviews with randomized industry participants and selected table moderators. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analyses were performed on interview feedback.ResultsEleven SFS exercises occurred from December 2016 through October 2017 in multiple regions of the US. Exercises were conducted as company-wide, state-wide, or regional trainings. Nine were based on highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks and two focused on outbreaks of co-circulating HPAI and low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI). Poultry industry participants interviewed generally found attending an SFS exercise to be useful. The most commonly identified benefits of participation were its value to people without prior outbreak experience and knowledge gained about Continuity of Business (COB)-permitted movement. After completing an exercise, most participants evaluated their preparedness to respond to an outbreak as somewhat to very ready, and more than one-half reported their respective company or farms had discussions or changed actions due to participation.Conclusion:Evaluation feedback suggests the SFS exercises were an effective training method to supplement preparedness efforts for an AI outbreak. The concept of using multi-faceted scenarios and multiple education strategies during a tabletop exercise may be translatable to other emergency preparedness needs.LinskensEJ, NeuAE, WalzEJ, St. CharlesKM, CulhaneMR, SsematimbaA, GoldsmithTJ, HalvorsonDA, CardonaCJ. Preparing for a foreign animal disease outbreak using a novel tabletop exercise. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(6):640–646.

scholarly journals A non-invasive diagnostic assay for rapid detection and characterization of aberrant mRNA-splicing by nonsense mediated decay inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Häuser ◽  
Seyfullah Gökce ◽  
Gesa Werner ◽  
Sven Danckwardt ◽  
Stefanie Sollfrank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Mrna Splicing ◽  
Diagnostic Assay ◽  
Nonsense Mediated Decay ◽  
Non Invasive

Application of DIVA vaccines and their companion diagnostic tests to foreign animal disease eradication

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pasick
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Infectious Individual ◽  
Companion Diagnostic ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Foreign Animal Disease

AbstractThe risk of foreign animal disease introduction continues to exist despite Canada's strict regulations concerning the importation of animals and animal products. Given the rapidity with which these diseases can spread, especially in areas with dense livestock populations, eradication efforts which rely solely on quarantine and stamping-out measures can present a formidable undertaking. This, combined with growing economic and ethical considerations, has led to renewed interest in the use of vaccination as a tool in controlling foreign animal disease outbreaks. Vaccination has effects at the individual and population levels. Efficacious vaccines reduce or prevent clinical signs without necessarily preventing virus replication. They may also increase the dose of virus needed to establish an infection and/or reduce the level and duration of virus shedding following infection. Vaccine effectiveness within a population is a function of its ability to reduce virus transmission. Transmission is best described by the reproductive ratio, R, which is defined as the average number of new infections caused by one infectious individual. By helping to reduce the R-value below 1, vaccination can be an effective adjunct in abbreviating an outbreak. Nevertheless, vaccination can also complicate serological surveillance activities that follow eradication, if the antibody response induced by vaccination is indistinguishable from that which follows infection. This disadvantage can be overcome by the use of DIVA vaccines and their companion diagnostic tests. The term DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated individuals) was coined in 1999 by J. T. van Oirschot of the Central Veterinary Institute, in the Netherlands. It is now generally used as an acronym for ‘differentiating infected from vaccinated animals’. The term was originally applied to the use of marker vaccines, which are based on deletion mutants of wild-type microbes, in conjunction with a differentiating diagnostic test. The DIVA strategy has been extended to include subunit and killed whole-virus vaccines. This system makes possible the mass vaccination of a susceptible animal population without compromising the serological identification of convalescent individuals. The DIVA approach has been applied successfully to pseudorabies and avian influenza eradication, and has been proposed for use in foot-and-mouth disease and classical swine fever eradication campaigns. This paper will survey current vaccine technology, the host immune response, and companion diagnostic tests that are available for pseudorabies, foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever and avian influenza.

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