scholarly journals Analysis of the Relationship between Vehicle Weight/Size and Safety, and Implications for Federal Fuel Economy Regulation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
Fuel Economy Regulation ◽  
The Relationship

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rational Decisions

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles educates readers about energy and the environment and the relationship between the energy we use and the environment. The world is at a point in time when people need to make very important decisions about energy in the next few decades. This book enables readers to utilize our scientific knowledge to make good rational decisions. Energy Efficiency of Vehicles provides information on: Calculations related to energy, power, and efficiency, and the impact of using different types of energy on the environment. Environmental consequences of consuming energy. Models related to impact of city driving on the energy efficiency and fuel economy of cars and trucks.

scholarly journals Fuel Economy of Plug-In Hybrid Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Effects of Vehicle Weight, Hybridization Ratio and Ambient Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hybridization Ratio

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are evolving rapidly since the introduction of Toyota Prius into the market in 1997. As the world needs more fuel-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change, the role of HEVs and PHEVs are becoming ever more important. While fuel economies of HEVs and PHEVs are superior to those of internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles, they are partially powered by batteries and therefore they resemble characteristics of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) such as dependence of fuel economy on ambient temperatures. It is also important to understand how different extent of hybridization (a.k.a., hybridization ratio) affects fuel economy under various driving conditions. In addition, it is of interest to understand how HEVs and PHEVs compare with BEVs at a similar vehicle weight. This study investigated the relationship between vehicle mass and vehicle performance parameters, mainly fuel economy and driving range of PHEVs focused on 2018 and 2019 model years using the test data available from fuel economy website of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Previous studies relied on modeling to understand mass impact on fuel economy for HEV as there were not enough number of HEVs in the market to draw a trendline at the time. The study also investigated the effect of ambient temperature for HEVs and PHEVs and kinetic energy recovery of the regenerative braking using the vehicle testing data for model year 2013 and 2015 from Idaho National Lab (INL). The current study assesses current state-of-art for PHEVs. It also provides analysis of experimental results for validation of vehicle dynamic and other models for PHEVs and HEVs.

Development of a Simplified Model of Speed-Specific Vehicle-Specific Power Distribution Based on Vehicle Weight for Fuel Consumption Estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (12) ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Zeyu Zhang ◽  
Guohua Song ◽  
Jiaoyang Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhai ◽  
Lei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Gaussian Function ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
The Relationship

The vehicle-specific power (VSP) distribution, as one of the fundamental inputs of VSP-based emission models such as the motor vehicle emission simulator model, is sensitive to vehicle weight. Developing field VSP distributions requires extensive vehicle type-specific trajectory data, which is expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, estimating fuel consumption accurately by employing VSP distributions for various vehicle types is computationally highly complex. This study aims to develop a simplified model of speed-specific VSP distribution based on vehicle weight for fuel consumption. First, field speed-specific VSP distributions of eight types of vehicles are developed. Second, the Gaussian function is employed to fit the field speed-specific VSP distributions to “change” the discrete VSP distributions into continuous distributions to facilitate quantifying the relationship between VSP distributions and vehicle weights. Third, the relationship between VSP distributions and vehicle weights is quantified by employing polynomial functions. The results indicate the acceptable accuracy of the simplified model, with 93.8% of R2 of the Gaussian function being greater than 0.90. The error in estimating fuel consumption using the simplified model is acceptable. For vehicles weighing 1.5 t (1.5 metric tons), the average error is 6.3%. Besides the “hole filling” of VSP distributions of inaccessible vehicles, the simplified model will reduce the computational complexity of estimating fuel consumption by about 50%, which is beneficial for the realization of real-time online estimates of fuel consumption.

Ceramics for Transportation Engines—Siren or Solution

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip S. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Volumetric Efficiency ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The major challenges facing transportation engines—shrinking resources, preserving the environment, and competition—are reviewed and the promise of new materials, specifically ceramics, in helping to meet these challenges is discussed. As a background for understanding the properties of materials, the structure of materials (first at the subatomic level, then the molecular level, and finally at the mircostructure level) is reviewed. The relationship of this structure to properties of ceramics judged to be of importance to engines is then presented. The effect of these properties on engine performance such as volumetric efficiency, fuel economy, heat rejection, inertia, friction, wear, fuel tolerance, and packaging are discussed. It is concluded that ceramics have special properties that, for selected applications, are already justifying their use in transportation engines. It is further concluded that these special application uses will continue to grow and precede general use of ceramics for in-cylinder insulation aimed at improving fuel economy.

scholarly journals Comparative fuel economy, cost and emissions analysis of a novel mild hybrid and conventional vehicles

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (13) ◽  
pp. 1846-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Awadallah ◽  
Peter Tawadros ◽  
Paul Walker ◽  
Nong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Hybrid Concept ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mild Hybrid

Mild hybrid vehicles have been explored as a potential pathway to reduce vehicle emissions cost-effectively. The use of manual transmissions to develop novel hybrid vehicles provides an alternate route to producing low cost electrified powertrains. In this paper, a comparative analysis examining a conventional vehicle and a mild hybrid electric vehicle is presented. The analysis considers fuel economy, capital and ongoing costs and environmental emissions, and includes developmental analysis and simulation using mathematical models. Vehicle emissions (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons) and fuel economy are computed, analysed and compared using a number of alternative driving cycles and their weighted combination. Different driver styles are also evaluated. Studying the relationship between the fuel economy and driveability, where driveability is addressed using fuel-economical gear shift strategies. Our simulation suggests the hybrid concept presented can deliver fuel economy gains of between 5 and 10%, as compared to the conventional powertrain.

Hydraulic Fluid Viscosity Selection for Improved Fuel Economy

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Michael ◽  
Steven N. Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Hydraulic Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Equipment ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fluid Power Systems ◽  
The Relationship

Fluid properties have a major influence upon the energy efficiency of hydraulic equipment. The relationship between hydraulic fluid viscosity, shear stability and system fuel economy has been studied. New viscosity selection guidelines for hydraulic pumps and motors are proposed. These guidelines provide a means for improving the efficiency of fluid power systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document