scholarly journals Demonstration of Integrated Biorefinery Operations for Producing Biofuels and Chemical / Material Products

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Biorefinery ◽  
Chemical Material

PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF UNTUK MENGURANGI CEMARAN FORMALIN PADA IKAN ASIN JAMBAL ROTI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erma Ayu Nurcahyani ◽  
Merkuria Karyantina ◽  
Nanik Suhartatik
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
The People ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Chemical Material

Ikan asin adalah metode untuk pengawetan makanan menggunakan kombinasi penggaraman dan pengeringan matahari. Di kalangan masyarakat, pembuatan ikan asin banyak menggunakan bahan kimia berbahaya seperti formalin. Penambahan bahan berbahaya mempengaruhi kualitas terutama keamanan. Makanan yang aman didefinisikan sebagai makanan yang terbebas dari cemaran biologi, kimia, mikrobiologi, yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan. Karbon aktif diduga bersifat polar yang mampu mengadsorpsi formalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian karbon aktif dalam mengurangi cemaran formalin pada “jambal roti”. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk percobaan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 faktorial, dengan faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi karbon aktif 0, 3, dan 6% serta perlakuan kedua yaitu lama perebusan selama 5, 10, dan 15 menit. Penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan “jambal roti” dengan penambahan formalin dan perebusan dengan karbon aktif kemudian dianalisis uji kadar formalin, NaCl, protein, dan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada kualitas jambal roti. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan maka semakin berkurangnya kadar formalin pada jambal roti. Hasil terbaik penelitian ini adalah karbon aktif 6% dan lama perebusan 15 menit. Menghasilkan formalin 3.21 ppm, NaCl 9.40%, protein 42.00%, dan air 30.02%. Kata kunci: Karbon Aktif, Formalin, Jambal Roti, Lama Perebusan. ABSTRACT                 Salted fish was a method for food preservation using combination of salting and sun drying. Among the people, the manufacture of salted fish use hazardous chemical material such as formaldehyde. The addition of hazardous substances affects the quality especially the safety. Safe food define as food that free from biological, chemical, microbiological contaminants that can affect health. Active carbon suspected to be polar which able to adsorb formaldehyde. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of active carbon in reducing formaldehyde in salted fish “jambal roti”. The research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, the first factor was the concentration of active carbon 0, 3, and 6% and the second was the boiling time (for 5, 10, and 15 min). This research was started from making “jambal roti” with the addition of formaldehyde and boiling with active carbon then analyzed for formaldehyde content, NaCl, protein, and moisture. The result showed that the concentration of active carbon and boiling time had a significant effect in quality salted fish “jambal roti”. The higher the concentration of active carbon and boiling time the more formaldehyde in “jambal roti” were removed. The best results of the research was 6% active carbon and 15 min of boiling time. Resulting 3.21 ppm of formaldehyde, 9.40% of NaCl, 42.00% of protein, and 30.02% of moisture. Keywords: Active Carbon, Formaldehyde, Jambal Roti, Boiling Time

Analysis of Student Critical and Creative Thinking (CCT) Skills on Chemistry: A Study of Gender Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Ryzal Perdana ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Essay Question ◽  
Chemical Material ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Critical And Creative Thinking

Abstract Critical and creative thinking skills are an essential attribute for success in the 21st century. This study aimed to determine the students’ critical and creative thinking skills in the Islamic senior high schools of Surakarta City so that teachers can pay attention to the strength and weakness of each student based on gender differences. This study used descriptive qualitative analysis. The subject of this study amounted to 180 students consisting of 80 male and 100 female students. The measurement of critical-thinking skills used a 6-essay-question instrument of the chemical material of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions that measures the aspects based on Facione theory, namely: analysis, inference, explanation, interpretation, evaluation, and self-regulation. Then, to measure creative-thinking skills, a 4-essay-question test instrument of the chemical material that includes 4 aspects according to Torrance, fluency, flexibility, original and elaboration, was used. The results showed that the creative-thinking skills of male students are better than those of female students and the critical-thinking skills of female students are better than those of male students.

Synthesis of a sustainable integrated biorefinery to produce value-added chemicals from palm-based biomass via mathematical optimisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 288-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiong Oon Tey ◽  
Sharon Chen ◽  
Zhi Xiang Cheong ◽  
Abigail Shu Xian Choong ◽  
Lik Yin Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Integrated Biorefinery ◽  
Mathematical Optimisation

The influence of physico-chemical material properties on erosion processes in the badlands of Basilicata, Southern Italy

Geomorphology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 235-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Piccarreta ◽  
Hazel Faulkner ◽  
Mario Bentivenga ◽  
Domenico Capolongo
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Material

Production of dissolving pulp from Eulaliopsis binata with the concept of integrated biorefinery

Cellulose ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2087-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Wu ◽  
Yuedong Zhang ◽  
Bing Yuan ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Guang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolving Pulp ◽  
Integrated Biorefinery ◽  
Eulaliopsis Binata

ULTRA VIOLET DETECTION SENSORS

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 583-588
Author(s):  
Vahé NERGUIZIAN ◽  
Mustapha RAFAF ◽  
Muthukumaran PACKIRISAMY ◽  
Ion STIHARU
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Visual Monitoring ◽  
Ultra Violet Light ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
Violet Light ◽  
Uv Sensors ◽  
Chemical Material

This article presents an innovative and creative approach to detect harmful level of Ultra Violet light on human skin. Different commercial UV sensors are evaluated for comparison. The comparison is made for performance, cost and dimension. The proposed affordable UV sensor solutions are presented using chemical and MEMS/MOEMS technologies. The UV dynamic sensor detects the harmful level of UV and informs the user about the eventual UV radiation risk. The proposed two solutions consider chemical material for UV detection and different actuation mechanism to inform the UV harmful level to the user. These sensors are non disposable and are packaged for visual monitoring (without battery) and acoustic operation (using a battery).

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