scholarly journals A System for Conducting Sophisticated Mechanical Tests in Situ with High Energy Synchrotron X-Rays Final Technical Report

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Weiss
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Technical Report

In situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction of tobermorite formation process under hydrothermal condition: Influence of reactive al compound

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Matsui ◽  
A. Ogawa ◽  
J. Kikuma ◽  
M. Tsunashima ◽  
T. Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Formation Reaction ◽  
X Ray

Hydrothermal formation reaction of tobermorite in the autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) process has been investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction. High-energy X-rays from a synchrotron radiation source in combination with a newly developed autoclave cell and a photon-counting pixel array detector were used. XRD measurements were conducted in a temperature range 100–190°C throughout 12 h of reaction time with a time interval of 4.25 min under a saturated steam pressure. To clarify the tobermorite formation mechanism in the AAC process, the effect of Al addition on the tobermorite formation reaction was studied. As intermediate phases, non-crystalline calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), hydroxylellestadite (HE), and katoite (KA) were clearly observed. Consequently, it was confirmed that there were two reaction pathways via C-S-H and KA in the tobermorite formation reaction of Al containing system. In addition, detailed information on the structural changes during the hydrothermal reaction was obtained.

scholarly journals A zone melting device for the in situ observation of directional solidification using high-energy synchrotron x rays

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 093901
Author(s):  
C. Gombola ◽  
G. Hasemann ◽  
A. Kauffmann ◽  
I. Sprenger ◽  
S. Laube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Directional Solidification ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zone Melting ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Rays

IN SITU STUDIES OF EPITAXIAL GROWTH BY SYNCHROTRON X-RAY DIFFRACTION

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
WOLFGANG BRAUN ◽  
KLAUS H. PLOOG
Keyword(s):  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Surface Kinetics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kinetics Of

X-rays are ideal to study the structure of crystals due to their weak interaction with matter and in most cases allow a quantitative analysis using kinematical theory. To study the incorporation of atoms during crystal growth and to analyze the kinetics on the crystal surface high primary beam intensities available at synchrotrons are required. Our studies of the molecular beam epitaxy growth of III–V semiconductors reveal that, despite their similarity in crystal structure, the surface kinetics of GaAs (001), InAs (001) and GaSb (001) differ strongly. GaAs shows an unexpectedly large coarsening exponent outside the predicted range of Ostwald ripening models during recovery. GaSb exhibits dramatically different surface morphology variations during growth and recovery. Overgrowth of GaAs by epitaxial MnAs demonstrates the ability of X-ray diffraction to follow an interface as it is buried during heteroepitaxy, which is not possible by reflection high-energy electron diffraction.

Recrystallization of AA1050 Studied by 3DXRD

2006 ◽  
Vol 519-521 ◽  
pp. 1569-1578
Author(s):  
Dorte Juul Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Kinetics Of

By 3 dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) using high energy X-rays from synchrotron sources it is possible to study in-situ the nucleation and growth during recrystallization. In this paper it is described and discussed how 3DXRD can supplement EBSP measurements of nucleation and growth. Three types of studies are considered: i) orientation relationships between nuclei and parent deformed matrix, ii) recrystallization kinetics of individual bulk grains and iii) filming of growing grains in deformed single crystals.

SU-D-BRF-02: In Situ Verification of Radiation Therapy Dose Distributions From High-Energy X-Rays Using PET Imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6Part3) ◽  
pp. 115-115
Author(s):  
Q Zhang ◽  
L Kai ◽  
X Wang ◽  
B Hua ◽  
L Chui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Dose Distributions

scholarly journals Massive Stars and Giant HII Regions: The High-Energy Picture

1991 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 397-408
Author(s):  
Thierry Montmerle
Keyword(s):  
Supernova Remnants ◽  
Massive Stars ◽  
Hii Regions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
High Energy Radiation ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Pms Stars

Giant HII regions contain highly energetic objects: luminous, massive stars (including Wolf-Rayet stars) generating powerful winds, as well as, often, supernova remnants. These objects interact with the surrounding gas by creating shock waves. Part of the energy input is radiated away in the form of X-rays; also, protons and electrons may be accelerated in situ and generate γ-rays by collisions with the ionized gas. In addition, the stars themselves (including the accompanying low-mass PMS stars) are sources of X-rays, and W-R stars may emit continuum y-rays and are associated with nuclear γ-ray lines seen in the interstellar medium. Therefore, both through the stars they contain and through interactions within the gas, giant HII regions are, in addition to their more traditional properties and over nearly 7 decades in energy, important sources of high-energy radiation.

scholarly journals In Situ Studies of Light Metals with Synchrotron Radiation and Neutrons

2011 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Peter Staron ◽  
Felix Beckmann ◽  
Thomas Lippmann ◽  
Andreas Stark ◽  
Michael Oehring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Light Metals ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Situ Experiments

High-energy X-rays and neutrons offer the large penetration depths that are often required for the determination of bulk properties in engineering material research. In addition, new sources provide very high intensities on the sample, which can be used not only for high spatial resolution using very small beams, but also for high time resolution in combination with a fast detector. This opens up possibilities for a wide range of specific engineering in situ experiments. Typical examples that are already widely used are heating or tensile testing in the beam. However, there are also more challenging experiments in the field of light metals, like e.g. friction stir welding, dilatometry, solidification, or cutting. Selected examples are presented.

In-situ analysis of crystallographic texture using high-energy X-rays

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (suppl_26) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-G. Brokmeier ◽  
S. B. Yi ◽  
B. Schwebke ◽  
J. Homeyer
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
X Rays

In Situ Monitoring of the Electrochemical Absorption of Deuterium into Palladium by X-Ray Diffraction using Synchrotron-Wiggler Radiation

1998 ◽  
Vol 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Dominguez ◽  
P. L. Hagans ◽  
E. F. Skelton ◽  
S. B. Qadri ◽  
D. J. Nagel
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Metallic Sample

ABSTRACTWith low energy x-rays, such as those from a Cu x-ray tube, only the outer few microns of a metallic sample can be probed. This low penetrating power prohibits structural studies from being carried out on the interior of an electrode in an electrochemical cell because of absorption by the cell material, electrodes and the electrolyte. The work described in this paper circumvents this problem by utilizing high energy, high brightness x-rays produced on the superconducting wiggler beam line, X-17C, at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The penetrating power of the higher energy x-rays allowed Pd diffraction spectra to be obtained in-situ on a 1 mm diameter Pd wire cathode during electrolysis of heavy water. Moreover, the beam (28 × 28 μm in cross-section) allowed diffraction spectra to be acquired as a function of distance across the sample. Spectra were recorded in 50 μm steps from the edge of the Pd wire to its core. This was done at 2 minute intervals as a function of electrolysis time. The α-β phase transition induced in the Pd while deuterium was electrochemically absorbed was observed by monitoring the Pd-(422) diffraction peaks. Results allowed the diffusion rate and the diffusivity of deuterium atoms in the Pd wire to be determined. Other features of the structural changes associated with the absorption of deuterium into Pd are reported.

Thermo-Mechanical Processing in a Synchrotron Beam

2012 ◽  
Vol 715-716 ◽  
pp. 102-102
Author(s):  
Klaus Dieter Liss
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Recovery ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Grain Rotation ◽  
Synchrotron Beam ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Single Grain

Well collimated, high energy X-rays of 90 keV from synchrotron sources have been used to study metals undergoing plastic deformation in-situ, in real time and in the bulk of the materials. The spottiness of poorly illuminated Debye-Scherrer rings showing reflections from individual crystallites is analyzed to obtain grain statistics, mosaic spread and orientation. Upon cold deformation, coarse grained materials show fingerprints of sub-grain formation, grain rotation, grain refinement and the evolution from a single grain into the asymptotic texture. Heating of metals under continuous load drives the observation through the regimes of phase transformation and grain relationships therein, grain coarsening, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. The paper points out these different phenomena which were observed without precedence.

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