scholarly journals Hydrogen pickup and redistribution in alpha-annealed Zircaloy-4

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.F. Kammenzind ◽  
D.G. Franklin ◽  
W.J. Duffin ◽  
H.R. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Pickup

Hydrogen Pickup During Aqueous Corrosion Of Zirconium Alloys

CORROSION ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 109t-117t ◽  
Author(s):  
WARREN E. BERRY ◽  
DALE A. VAUGHAN ◽  
EARL L. WHITE
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup

Hydrogen Pickup Mechanism in Zirconium Alloys

2018 ◽  
pp. 312-349
Author(s):  
Adrien Couet ◽  
Arthur T. Motta ◽  
Antoine Ambard ◽  
Robert J. Comstock
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup

A Predictive Electrochemical Model for Weld Metal Hydrogen Pickup in Underwater Wet Welds

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. de Medeiros ◽  
S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Weld Metal ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Metal Interface ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Diffusible Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup ◽  
Electrochemical Model

Weld metal hydrogen pickup in underwater wet welding is severe due to the presence and dissociation of water surrounding the welding arc. This undesirable behavior can be minimized, however, with the use of oxidizing-type electrodes. The purpose of this investigation has been placed on the fundamental understanding of the effect of hydrogen pickup by the slag on the weld metal diffusible hydrogen content in direct current, shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) for both electrode-positive polarity (DCEP), and electrode-negative polarity (DCEN). To accomplish this purpose, 20 experimental oxidizing electrodes containing systematic ferric oxide (Fe2O3) additions, ranging from 0 to 70 wt. percent, to the flux coating were investigated. The mole fraction ratio of CaO/SiO2 in the fluxes ranged from 0.05 to 0.35, independent of the ferric oxide additions. Underwater, bead-on-plate welds were deposited on ASTM A36 steel coupons at 0.27 m (city) water depth using a gravity feed system. Welding parameters were held constant throughout the experiments. Weld metal diffusible hydrogen content was determined using the mercury displacement method according to current AWS standard. To correlate weld metal hydrogen content with slag chemistry, the slag hydrogen contents were also determined. The measured diffusible hydrogen contents showed that Fe2O3 was effective in reducing weld metal hydrogen content. Higher hydrogen values were always related to lower Fe2O3 contents initially present in the flux, for instance, 71 mL/100g (DCEP − 0 wt. percent Fe2O3) as compared to 31 mL/100g (DCEP − 36 wt. percent Fe2O3). Amazingly, diffusible hydrogen as low as 13 mL/100g was obtained with the use of DCEN polarity along with 53 wt. percent Fe2O3 in the flux coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) conducted on different slags showed that the lower diffusible hydrogen values were always associated with the presence of fayalite (2FeO·SiO2). Complementing XRD analysis, Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy analyses carried out on different slags showed that all ferric (Fe3+) oxide initially present in the slags had transformed to ferrous oxide (FeO), free or combined. Chemical analyses showed that weld metal hydrogen pickup was strongly dependent on the solubility of water in the slag systems. The total and diffusible hydrogen content in the weld metal increased monotonically with increasing slag hydrogen content. Finally, variations in weld metal hydrogen as well as slag hydrogen content with both polarity and iron oxide content in the slag were successfully predicted using an electrochemical model that describes the slag/metal interface equilibrium. In this investigation, the slag/metal interface has been identified as responsible in controlling the weld metal hydrogen pickup. The model assumed that hydrogen was present in the slag as (OH)− ions and that FeO displayed ideal solution behavior.

Study of the Corrosion Behavior of Zr-xFe-yCr Alloys in 500°C/10.3MPa Steam

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Shihao Ying ◽  
Zhi Miao ◽  
Hongyuan Fan
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup ◽  
Zr Alloy

The influence of microstructure on corrosion behavior of Zr-xFe-yCr alloy in 500 °C/10.3MPa steam were studied in this paper by XRD, SEM, EDS, DSC and Hydrogen instrument set. The results showed that several ZrFeCr alloys exhibited protective behavior throughout the test and oxide was stable and protective. The number of precipitates in Zr alloy and the hydrogen pickup of Zr alloy play a good role on corrosion resistance behavior in 500 °C /10.3MPa steam. The Zr1.0Fe0.6Cr has more laves Zr(Fe,Cr)2 precipitate in matrix and has the best corrosion resistance. The Zr0.2Fe0.1Cr has little precipitate, and has the worst corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals The progress of SPP oxidation in zircaloy-4 and its relation to corrosion and hydrogen pickup

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 108072
Author(s):  
James Sayers ◽  
Sergio Lozano-Perez ◽  
Susan R. Ortner
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Pickup

MAVEN measured oxygen and hydrogen pickup ions: Probing the Martian exosphere and neutral escape

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 3689-3706 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rahmati ◽  
D. E. Larson ◽  
T. E. Cravens ◽  
R. J. Lillis ◽  
J. S. Halekas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pickup Ions ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup

scholarly journals Continuum model for hydrogen pickup in zirconium alloys of LWR fuel cladding

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (13) ◽  
pp. 135101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Ming-Jie Zheng ◽  
Izabela Szlufarska ◽  
Dane Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Continuum Model ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Fuel Cladding ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup

Reducing Hydrogen Penetration through Corrosion Layer Formed on Zirconium Alloys by Iron Addition

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1980-1985
Author(s):  
Kazuo Kakiuchi ◽  
Kazutoshi Okubo ◽  
Noboru Itagaki ◽  
Akihiro Miyazaki ◽  
Yoshiaki Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Corrosion Layer ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Irradiation Experiment ◽  
Hydrogen Pickup ◽  
Hydrogen Penetration ◽  
Iron Addition

Latest post-irradiation experiment results of Zry-2 and HiFi alloy (0.4%Fe-Zry2) showed that iron addition reduces the hydrogen pickup by these alloys compared to oxidation amount. In order to clarify the mechanism of reduced hydrogen absorption rate, (1) autoclave test, (2) surface potential measurement and (3) hydrogen absorption test of the intermetallic compound were carried out. Based on these results, a tentative mechanism for hydrogen absorption by zirconium alloys is proposed, taking into account of both the electrical potential gradient over the oxide film as well as the SPP window for hydrogen absorption.

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