scholarly journals Wpływ emisji energii dźwiękowej ze szlaków komunikacyjnych i innych miejsc konsumpcji energii na zdrowie ludzi

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Urszula Kaźmierczak ◽  
Andrzej Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Category Rating ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
The Impact

This article aims to draw attention to the hitherto unexplored and scarcely noticed the problem of the effects of the consumption of increasing amounts of energy to human health and ecosystems exposed to emissions processed in the phase of energy consumption. Ever-increasing amounts of energy are consumed in relatively small areas of highways. Reference is made to the results of pioneering research on the impact of emitted sound energy by transport routes and by industrial noise on human health (Borzyszkowski 2010). This was clearly found to increase in people exposed to prolonged acoustic wave energy. The results of the effect of noise on human health clearly indicate the need for further research in this field. It should be emphasized that although the research and evaluation conducted by the Institute for Environmental Protection and Proeko CDM Ltd., which have been presented in this article, are pioneering and include an analysis of the cause-and-effect phenomenon, they do not, however, indicate the mechanism of the effect of noise on human health. The category rating of disease symptoms caused by the noise indicates that the key to clarifying the influence of the energy supplied to the organisms of people on the way of acoustic waves on their health may be forced supplied energy changes of biochemical reactions occurring in humans.

Theoretical and experimental study on the acoustic wave energy after the nonlinear interaction of acoustic waves in aqueous media

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-feng Lan ◽  
Feng-chen Li ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
Di Lu ◽  
De-sen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Interaction ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Aqueous Media

scholarly journals Life cycle assessment (LCA) of lead-free solders from the environmental protection aspect

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mitovski ◽  
Dragana Zivkovic ◽  
Ljubisa Balanovic ◽  
Nada Strbac ◽  
Zivan Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Product System ◽  
Application Process ◽  
The Impact

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) presents a relatively new approach, which allows comprehensive environmental consequences analysis of a product system over its entire life. This analysis is increasingly being used in the industry, as a tool for investigation of the influence of the product system on the environment, and serves as a protection and prevention tool in ecological management. This method is used to predict possible influences of a certain material to the environment through different development stages of the material. In LCA, the product systems are evaluated on a functionally equivalent basis, which, in this case, was 1000 cubic centimeters of an alloy. Two of the LCA phases, life-cycle inventory (LCA) and life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA), are needed to calculate the environmental impacts. Methodology of LCIA applied in this analysis aligns every input and output influence into 16 different categories, divided in two subcategories. The life-cycle assessment reaserch review of the leadfree solders Sn-Cu, SAC (Sn-Ag-Cu), BSA (Bi-Sb-Ag) and SABC (Sn-Ag-Bi-Cu) respectively, is given in this paper, from the environmental protection aspect starting from production, through application process and finally, reclamation at the end-of-life, i.e. recycling. There are several opportunities for reducing the overall environmental and human health impacts of solder used in electronics manufacturing based on the results of the LCA, such as: using secondary metals reclaimed through post-industrial recycling; power consumption reducing by replacing older, less efficient reflow assembly equipment, or by optimizing the current equipment to perform at the elevated temperatures required for lead-free soldering, etc. The LCA analysis was done comparatively in relation to widely used Sn-Pb solder material. Additionally, the impact factors of material consumption, energy use, water and air reserves, human health and ecotoxicity have been ALSO considered including the potentials for dissolution and recycling processes.

scholarly journals Acoustic wave driven mass loss in late-type giant stars

1987 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 325-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cuntz ◽  
L. Hartmann ◽  
P. Ulmschneider
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Wave Field ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Late Type ◽  
Large Wave ◽  
Giant Stars ◽  
Wave Energy Flux ◽  
Type Giant

Mass loss generated by radiatively damped acoustic waves is investigated. We find that a persistent wave energy flux leads to extended chromospheres. Mass loss is quite likely produced if the wave field retains a transient character and if large wave periods are used.

scholarly journals Impact of technogenic dust pollution from the closed mining enterprise in the Amur Region on the ecosphere and human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
N. K. Rastanina ◽  
K. A. Kolobanov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dust Pollution ◽  
Environmental Monitoring System ◽  
Elemental Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Mining

Environmental protection is a complex ecological and economic problem, including the need to develop and implement a number of environmental protection measures to mitigate the negative impact of mining waste on all natural environment components and human health. In this regard, the study purpose was to assess the impact of Pb, Cd, Cr, and As compounds on the environment and health of the population of the Solnechny miner’s village. Based on the purpose, the following tasks were set: 1) review and systematization of literature data on the problem of technogenic dust pollution; 2) assessment of the mining industrial system as a source of ecosystem pollution with toxic elements within the closed mining enterprises impact areas; 3) development of proposals for mitigating the impact of mining activities on ecosystems and human health. The paper presents the findings of the study of the elemental status of children and adolescents living within the closed town-forming enterprise JSC Solnechny GOK impact area. The relationship between the level of technogenic pollution of the natural environment and the changes in the elemental status of the children was shown. A feature of the elemental status of the children in the study group was high content of heavy metals, including Pb, Cr, and As. Our research confirmed the data that a growing child’s body actively adsorbs compounds of toxic chemical elements. Deficiency and imbalance of microelements in the body can cause ecologically-related diseases in the child population. Individual and population carcinogenic risks (CR) caused by the As, Pb, and Cr pollution were calculated. In accordance with the acceptance criteria for the risk caused by exposure to the pollutants, the individual carcinogenic risk CR (Cr) = 1,05 · 10–3 belongs to the fourth range and is unacceptable neither for the population, nor for occupational groups. This is De manifestis risk, and when it is reached, it is necessary to carry out emergency curative measures to mitigate it. The individual risks CR (As) = 7,05 · 10–4 also exceed the acceptable level for the population. This level of pollution is subject to permanent monitoring, requires development and implementation of planned curative measures to improve the indicators of the human environment, one of which is the organization of the environmental monitoring system in the study area.

Research on the Quality of Pre-Glued Film Laminating

2011 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Pu Jun Deng ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Gai Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Coating Film ◽  
Printing Industry ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing demands for environmental requirements in printing industry, environmental protection material for coating film is also set forth requirements. The pre-glued laminting film is used more and more widely due to the simple laminating operations, energy consumption, low pollution, high overall efficiency. In this work, the impact was investigated experimentally of the printed ink surface conditions including the thickness of ink, ink emulsification, ink viscosity, ink drying time on the laminating quality. The tested samples were obtained using printability tester on the different printing conditions, then the samples were laminated using the laminating machine to obtain the sample of laminated film. In order to evaluate laminating quality, using universal tester the laminating strength were measured for samples. The tested results show that the surface of the ink printed has different degrees of impact on laminating quality.

scholarly journals Ground-based acoustic parametric generator impact on the atmosphere and ionosphere in an active experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy G. Rapoport ◽  
Oleg K. Cheremnykh ◽  
Volodymyr V. Koshovy ◽  
Mykola O. Melnik ◽  
Oleh L. Ivantyshyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Difference Frequency ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Acoustic Gravity Waves ◽  
Active Experiment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sound Generator

Abstract. We develop theoretical basics of active experiments with two beams of acoustic waves, radiated by a ground-based sound generator. These beams are transformed into atmospheric acoustic gravity waves (AGWs), which have parameters that enable them to penetrate to the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions where they influence the electron concentration of the ionosphere. Acoustic waves are generated by the ground-based parametric sound generator (PSG) at the two close frequencies. The main idea of the experiment is to design the output parameters of the PSG to build a cascade scheme of nonlinear wave frequency downshift transformations to provide the necessary conditions for their vertical propagation and to enable penetration to ionospheric altitudes. The PSG generates sound waves (SWs) with frequencies f1 = 600 and f2 = 625 Hz and large amplitudes (100–420 m s−1). Each of these waves is modulated with the frequency of 0.016 Hz. The novelty of the proposed analytical–numerical model is due to simultaneous accounting for nonlinearity, diffraction, losses, and dispersion and inclusion of the two-stage transformation (1) of the initial acoustic waves to the acoustic wave with the difference frequency Δf = f2 − f1 in the altitude ranges 0–0.1 km, in the strongly nonlinear regime, and (2) of the acoustic wave with the difference frequency to atmospheric acoustic gravity waves with the modulational frequency in the altitude ranges 0.1–20 km, which then reach the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions, in a practically linear regime. AGWs, nonlinearly transformed from the sound waves, launched by the two-frequency ground-based sound generator can increase the transparency of the ionosphere for the electromagnetic waves in HF (MHz) and VLF (kHz) ranges. The developed theoretical model can be used for interpreting an active experiment that includes the PSG impact on the atmosphere–ionosphere system, measurements of electromagnetic and acoustic fields, study of the variations in ionospheric transparency for the radio emissions from galactic radio sources, optical measurements, and the impact on atmospheric aerosols. The proposed approach can be useful for better understanding the mechanism of the acoustic channel of seismo-ionospheric coupling.

scholarly journals Wpływ emisji energii z terenów zurbanizowanych i szlaków komunikacyjnych na zmiany w rozwoju ekosystemów w ich otoczeniu

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Urszula Kaźmierczak ◽  
Andrzej Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Mechanical Energy

This article aims to draw attention to the hitherto unexplored and scarcely noticed the problem of the effects of the consumption of increasing amounts of energy to human health and ecosystems exposed to emissions processed in the phase of energy consumption. Ever-increasing amounts of energy are consumed in relatively small urban areas, in communication routes, and in airport areas. As far as Poland is concerned, these areas represent less than 10% of the country. For such a small area the energy consumed is converted to other forms of energy, much of which is emitted into the environment. These emissions primarily include heat and various forms of mechanical energy, mainly that of acoustic waves. It studies the effect of noise on the health of people living in the vicinity of highways, as well as studies of ecosystems in the surrounding routes. There is still no explanation for the reasons for this phenomenon, as research in this area has been mainly carried out at the level of statistical analysis. The article has pointed out the possible causes of this phenomenon. The new theory of catalysis demonstrates the effect of mechanical energy input on the direction and rate of chemical reactions. This effect can also be significant in the case of biochemical reactions. Finally, the paper points out the need and direction of research, conducted at various levels, to determine and explain the environmental effects of increasing energy consumption, other than the greenhouse one.

scholarly journals Dynamic Relationship Between China’s Environmental Protection Investment and Regional, Environmental Pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
System Gmm ◽  
The Impact

The carrying capacity of China’s resources and environment has reached a limit. The economic development of different regions has been forced to abandon the original economic development mode manifesting high pollution, high energy consumption, and high emission and to step forward to the new economic development model promoting low energy consumption, low emission, and low pollution. Environmental issues are typical manifestations of market mechanism failure. Government investment in environmental protection, which effectively improves environmental quality, is necessary to achieve sustainable economic development. An index system of the influencing factors that affect regional environmental pollutant emissions was established first in this study to measure accurately the relationship between environmental protection investment in different provinces in China and regional environmental pollution. System GMM (Generalized Method of Moment) method was used to analyze the impact of environmental protection investment on pollutant emissions in 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2016. Results show that the system GMM method can effectively solve variable endogeneity. Environmental protection investment of explanatory variables has a significant negative effect on pollutant emissions. Among the control variables, per capita GDP (Gross Domestic Product), industrial structure, resident consumption level, and technology market turnover have a significant inhibitory effect on pollutant emissions. Among the control variables, investment in fixed assets and import and export trade is vital in promoting pollutant emission growth. Conclusions provide a reference for improving the governance level of environmental protection investment in China’s provinces, controlling environmental pollution and ecological damage, and realizing a green economic development method.

Impact of roof shading on building energy performance in warm & humid climatic places of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Kuladeep Kumar Sadevi ◽  
Avlokita Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Base Case ◽  
U Value ◽  
The Impact

With the rise in awareness of energy efficient buildings and adoption of mandatory energy conservation codes across the globe, significant change is being observed in the way the buildings are designed. With the launch of Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in India, climate responsive designs and passive cooling techniques are being explored increasingly in building designs. Of all the building envelope components, roof surface has been identified as the most significant with respect to the heat gain due to the incident solar radiation on buildings, especially in tropical climatic conditions. Since ECBC specifies stringent U-Values for roof assembly, use of insulating materials is becoming popular. Along with insulation, the shading of the roof is also observed to be an important strategy for improving thermal performance of the building, especially in Warm and humid climatic conditions. This study intends to assess the impact of roof shading on building’s energy performance in comparison to that of exposed roof with insulation. A typical office building with specific geometry and schedules has been identified as base case model for this study. This building is simulated using energy modelling software ‘Design Builder’ with base case parameters as prescribed in ECBC. Further, the same building has been simulated parametrically adjusting the amount of roof insulation and roof shading simultaneously. The overall energy consumption and the envelope performance of the top floor are extracted for analysis. The results indicate that the roof shading is an effective passive cooling strategy for both naturally ventilated and air conditioned buildings in Warm and humid climates of India. It is also observed that a fully shaded roof outperforms the insulated roof as per ECBC prescription. Provision of shading over roof reduces the annual energy consumption of building in case of both insulated and uninsulated roofs. However, the impact is higher for uninsulated roofs (U-Value of 3.933 W/m2K), being 4.18% as compared to 0.59% for insulated roofs (U-Value of 0.33 W/m2K).While the general assumption is that roof insulation helps in reducing the energy consumption in tropical buildings, it is observed to be the other way when insulation is provided with roof shading. It is due to restricted heat loss during night.

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