scholarly journals Ocena ataku na szpital w Kunduzie w świetle międzynarodowego prawa humanitarnego

2018 ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szpak
Keyword(s):  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Medecins Sans Frontieres ◽  
Médecins Sans Frontières

Evaluation of the attack on the Kunduz hospital in the light of international humanitarian law The article concentrates on the recent US attack on a hospital led by the international non-governmental organization Médecins Sans Frontières. The hospital was located in Kunduz in Afghanistan and the attack took place on October 2, 2015. The author briefly analyses the legality of the attack in the light of international humanitarian law, especially in the light of the rules of targeting military objectives.

Naming and Shaming the Bombers

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-210
Author(s):  
Michiel Hofman
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Laws Of War ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Medecins Sans Frontieres ◽  
Médecins Sans Frontières ◽  
Naming And Shaming ◽  
The Way

This chapter recounts how Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) failed to turn the tide against the attacks on hospitals through its approach of naming and shaming the perpetrators of hospital bombings. It speculates that the failure to stop the attacks was either caused by the way in which the international humanitarian law (IHL) is wired to provide exemption for warring parties or MSF’s inability to deliver consistent messages necessary to generate pressure on offending nations. It also mentions the Syrian government’s denial of assistance to the population and disrespect to the laws of war that centered the state as both perpetrator and aid responder. The chapter looks at the Syrian government’s ability to deny and allow access to services that served to amplify its control and project its sovereignty. It elaborates how the Syrian state centered its own sovereign control by being the focus of diplomatic efforts to ensure humanitarian access.

The International Institute of Humanitarian Law (San Remo) and its international military courses on the law of armed conflict

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (319) ◽  
pp. 451-454
Author(s):  
Giorgio Blais
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Seaside Resort ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
Set Up

There are few institutions in the world which are able to assemble officers from all the countries of the globe, who wear their own uniforms and live and work together for two weeks. One of these is the International Institute of Humanitarian Law in San Remo, Italy.This non-governmental organization was set up in 1970 for the purpose of promoting the dissemination and development of international humanitarian law. The choice of the Italian seaside resort of San Remo was not accidental. It was there that Alfred Nobel spent the last years of his life, and he left all his property to the humanitarian cause. The villa he occupied until his death became the headquarters of the International Institute of Humanitarian Law.

Promoting respect for IHL by NGOs: The case of ALMA – Association for the Promotion of IHL

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (895-896) ◽  
pp. 1029-1042
Author(s):  
Ido Rosenzweig
Keyword(s):  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Future Aspirations ◽  
Prime Objective

AbstractALMA – Association for the Promotion of International Humanitarian Law is an Israeli-originated non-governmental organization. ALMA was established with the prime objective of promoting knowledge, understanding and discussion of IHL. For that purpose, it has established several projects aimed at different audiences and with different goals. Since its establishment in March 2010, ALMA has managed to make its way to the front line through cooperation and dedication. This article provides an overview of ALMA's goals and projects, as well as its challenges and future aspirations in the quest to generate respect for international humanitarian law.

scholarly journals Residents Working With Médecins Sans Frontières: Training and Pilot Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Ripoll-Gallardo ◽  
Luca Ragazzoni ◽  
Ettore Mazzanti ◽  
Grazia Meneghetti ◽  
Jeffrey Michael Franc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Medecins Sans Frontieres ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Médecins Sans Frontières ◽  
Field Deployment

Abstract BackgroundWell-prepared humanitarian workers are now more necessary than ever. Essential to the preparation process are:clearly defined learning objectives, curricula tailored to the nuances of humanitarian settings, simulation-based training, and evaluation.This paper describes a training program designed to prepare medical residents for their first field deployment with Médecins Sans Frontières and presents the results of a pilot assessment of its effectiveness.MethodsThe training was jointly developed by the Research Center in Emergency and Disaster Medicine-CRIMEDIM of the Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy, and the humanitarian aid organization Médecins Sans Frontières- Italy (MSF-Italy); the following topics were covered: disaster medicine, public health, safety and security, infectious diseases, psychological support, communication, humanitarian law, leadership, and job-specific skills. It used a blended-learning approach consisting of a 3-month distance learning module; 1-week instructor-led coaching; and a field placement with MSF. We assessed its effectiveness using the first three levels of Kirkpatrick’s training evaluation model.ResultsEight residents took part in the evaluation. Four were residents in emergency medicine, 3 in anesthesia, and 1 in pediatrics; 3 of them were female and the median age was 31 years. Two residents were deployed in Pakistan, 1 in Afghanistan, 1 in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 1 in Iraq, 2 in Haiti and 1 on board of the MSF Mediterranean search & rescue ship. Mean deployment time was 3 months. The average median score for the overall course was 5 (excellent). There was a significant improvement in post-test multiple choice scores (p = 0.001) and in residents’ overall performance scores (P = 0.000001). ConclusionResidents were highly satisfied with the training program and their knowledge and skills improved as a result of participation. Trial registration: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (date 24-02-2016, study code UPO.2015.4.10)

Armed Non-State Actors and Cultural Heritage in Armed Conflict

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Lostal ◽  
Kristin Hausler ◽  
Pascal Bongard
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:This article presents the preliminary findings of a scoping study that Geneva Call is conducting to understand the existing dynamics between armed non-state actors (ANSAs) and cultural heritage. Geneva Call is a Swiss-based non-governmental organization dedicated to promoting the respect of international humanitarian law by ANSAs. The study centres on three case studies—Syria, Iraq, and Mali—on which information has been obtained through desk and field research, interviews with ANSAs operating in those countries, and with leading organizations committed to the protection of cultural heritage, globally or regionally. The article first maps the various attitudes of ANSAs toward cultural heritage, highlighting both positive and negative examples from current practices. Then it analyzes the response of specialized organizations to the impact of ANSAs on cultural heritage and their level of engagement with these actors on cultural heritage issues. Finally, the conclusion offers some tentative recommendations to enhance the respect of cultural heritage by ANSAs in non-international armed conflicts.

An environment conducive to mistakes? Lessons learnt from the attack on the Médecins Sans Frontières hospital in Kunduz, Afghanistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (907-909) ◽  
pp. 337-372
Author(s):  
Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier ◽  
Jonathan Whittall
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Medecins Sans Frontieres ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Médecins Sans Frontières ◽  
The Many

AbstractOn 3 October 2015, the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Trauma Centre in Kunduz, Afghanistan was bombed during a US–Afghan joint military operation to retake the city. Even before that night, attacks on health-care facilities in war zones were already a worrying trend and a major concern for humanitarian organizations. Such attacks have led both MSF and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) to launch campaigns1 addressing the need for greater protection of the medical mission in situations of armed conflict. Nonetheless, the scale and specific context of the attack on the Kunduz Trauma Centre have given rise to various specific investigations2 and provoked many more questions that this article will explore. The article will delve into the “many mistakes” scenario that has been presented by the US investigation in order to critically analyze whether these mistakes may originate from either incorrect or biased interpretations or implementation of international humanitarian law.

International Humanitarian Law

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Crawford ◽  
Alison Pert
Keyword(s):  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law
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