scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of 11 illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater by UPLC-MS/MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1771-1780
Author(s):  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Roujia Wang ◽  
Ruxin Luo ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Abstract Assessing collective drug consumption based on the concentrations of illicit drugs and their metabolites in wastewater is a new technology. Currently, this technology is receiving attention in China, and methods for multiple illicit drug detection in wastewater are urgently needed. In our study, a method with a short runtime (7 min), a small solid-phase extraction (SPE) loading volume (50 mL) and high sensitivity (lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs) ranged from 0.2 to 5 ng/L) was developed for the simultaneous determination of amphetamines, ketamine, opiates, cocaine and their metabolites in wastewater. Samples were enriched by SPE on a mixed-mode sorbent (Oasis MCX) and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.1 to 2 ng/L, and the LLOQs varied between 0.2 and 5 ng/L. Moreover, the method developed was applied to real wastewater samples collected from 15 different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In the results, the most abundant compounds were morphine (1.8–46.6 ng/L) and codeine (3.7–24.9 ng/L), which were detected in 13 WWTPs. After successful optimization of the UPLC-MS/MS conditions and sample loading pH, the method developed is able to meet the needs of common illicit drug monitoring and high-throughput analysis requirements.

Simultaneous determination of several veterinary pharmaceuticals in effluents from urban, livestock and slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plants using a simple chromatographic method

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cavenati ◽  
Pedro N. Carvalho ◽  
C. Marisa R. Almeida ◽  
M. Clara P. Basto ◽  
M. Teresa S. D. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals

Minocycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, enrofloxacin and ceftiofur, commonly used veterinary pharmaceuticals, were searched in four urban, two livestock and two slaughterhouse effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the north of Portugal. A simple method that includes solid-phase extraction followed with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector was established and applied to the simultaneous determination of the five pharmaceuticals in WWTP effluents. This method, which is expeditious, inexpensive and available in most laboratories, showed to be useful for screening for problematic levels of drugs in WWTP effluents. It is known that several livestock and slaughterhouse effluents (pre-treated or treated) are discharged to the urban network before discharge into the environment. The presence of these drugs in such effluents can constitute a significant environmental problem that should be addressed, by the monitoring of these drugs and by implementation of methodologies that contribute to their decrease/elimination from wastewaters. Minocycline (≤6 μg L−1), oxytetracycline (≤7 μg L−1), tetracycline (≤6 μg L−1) and enrofloxacin (<2 μg L−1) could be detected and/or quantified in three urban effluents. Detectable levels of enrofloxacin (<2 μg L−1) and quantifiable levels of tetracycline (≤15 μg L−1) were found in the slaughterhouse effluents.

Simultaneous determination of 12 illicit drugs in whole blood and urine by solid phase extraction and UPLC–MS/MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-956 ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Zhao-Hong Wang ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Extraction
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