Phosphorus recovery from sewage with a sustainable and low-cost treatment system

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-854
Author(s):  
Vitor Tonzar Chaves ◽  
Dione Mari Morita ◽  
Iara Regina Soares Chao ◽  
Ronan Cleber Contrera
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Initial Ph

Abstract This study proposes a technology conceived based on an integrative approach that aims to promote phosphorus recovery and to recycle ferric water treatment sludge (FWTS), using it as a phosphorus adsorbent which may be applied as a soil ameliorant after reaching saturation. The assessed pilot plant operated with a daily influent flow of 360 litres and presented a removal efficiency of 94.4% ± 3.2% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and of 91.2% ± 7.8% for suspended solids. It also presented promising results for phosphorus removal. The maximum efficiency of dissolved reactive phosphorus removal was 95% on the first day and it decreased until reaching adsorbent saturation. The estimated breakthrough time was one year in the condition in which the filling medium of a second constructed wetland was only FWTS. In this situation, the effluent phosphorus concentration was 0.2 mg·L−1. The authors concluded that the application of FWTS in a constructed wetland bed is an interesting alternative. Batch adsorption experiments were run using phosphorus stock solution. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were obtained for different initial pH values. The maximum adsorption capacity decreased as the initial pH was increased; values ranged from 4.76 mg P·g−1 (pH = 3.9) to 1.44 mg P·g−1 (pH = 9.0).

Sterile phosphate as a novel calcic adsorbent for phosphorus removal from wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Hicham Hassoune ◽  
Adil Lachehab
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Model Equation ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Mineral Adsorbents ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Abstract Sterile phosphate (SP) was investigated for phosphorus removal from wastewater using batch adsorption experiments. The novel adsorbent is a mining by-product obtained from the phosphate mining plants having a strong affinity with phosphorus ions present in wastewater. The results of the batch adsorption experiments indicated that 30 min of contact time between the adsorbent and wastewater was sufficient for attaining equilibrium. The phosphorus removal from wastewater increased with increasing initial phosphorus concentration, adsorbent dose and temperature, while it decreased with increasing initial pH values. The maximum phosphorus removal efficiency was noted to be 94.4%. It was achieved in slightly acidic conditions (pH = 4), with an adsorbent dose and initial phosphorus concentration of 3 g L−1 and 20 mg L−1, respectively, and at room temperature. Kinetic analysis showed that phosphorus adsorption onto sterile phosphate was best fitted with the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir model equation, indicating monolayer coverage of the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model equation was found to be 7.962 mg g−1. Comparing with some industrial products and natural mineral adsorbents, sterile phosphate was found to be the most efficient adsorbent for phosphorus removal from wastewater.

scholarly journals Fly Ash Coated with Magnetic Materials: Improved Adsorbent for Cu (II) Removal from Wastewater

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maria Harja ◽  
Gabriela Buema ◽  
Nicoleta Lupu ◽  
Horia Chiriac ◽  
Dumitru Daniel Herea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
X Ray

Fly ash/magnetite material was used for the adsorption of copper ions from synthetic wastewater. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Batch adsorption experiments were employed in order to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, initial Cu (II) concentration and contact time over adsorption efficiency. The experimental isotherms were modeled using Langmuir (four types of its linearization), Freundlich, Temkin, and Harkins–Jura isotherm models. The fits of the results are estimated according to the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.39 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order model was able to describe kinetic results. The data obtained throughout the study prove that this novel material represents a potential low-cost adsorbent for copper adsorption with improved adsorption capacity and magnetic separation capability compared with raw fly ash.

scholarly journals Phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers exhibit exceptional capacity for uranium capture

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (18) ◽  
pp. 10719-10732
Author(s):  
Janika Lehtonen ◽  
Jukka Hassinen ◽  
Avula Anil Kumar ◽  
Leena-Sisko Johansson ◽  
Roni Mäenpää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Microscopies ◽  
Network Scanning ◽  
Aqueous Matrices

AbstractWe investigate the adsorption of hexavalent uranium, U(VI), on phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers (PHO-CNF) and compare the results with those for native and TEMPO-oxidized nanocelluloses. Batch adsorption experiments in aqueous media show that PHO-CNF is highly efficient in removing U(VI) in the pH range between 3 and 6. Gelling of nanofiber hydrogels is observed at U(VI) concentration of 500 mg/L. Structural changes in the nanofiber network (scanning and transmission electron microscopies) and the surface chemical composition (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) gave insights on the mechanism of adsorption. The results from batch adsorption experiments are fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherm models, which indicate a maximum adsorption capacity of 1550 mg/g, the highest value reported so far for any bioadsorbent. Compared to other metals (Zn, Mn, and Cu) and typical ions present in natural aqueous matrices the phosphorylated nanofibers are shown to be remarkably selective to U(VI). The results suggest a solution for the capture of uranium, which is of interest given its health and toxic impacts when present in aqueous matrices.

scholarly journals Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Amine-Doped Polyacrylonitrile Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Kay Thwe Aung ◽  
Seung-Hee Hong ◽  
Seong-Jik Park ◽  
Chang-Gu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Pan Fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were prepared via electrospinning and were modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) to fabricate surface-modified PAN fibers. The surface-modified PAN fibers were used to evaluate their adsorption capacity for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to examine the effects of the modification process, initial concentration, initial pH, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption of Cu(II). Kinetic analysis revealed that the experimental data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better than the pseudo-first-order model. Adsorption equilibrium studies were conducted using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, and the findings indicated that the PAN fibers modified with 85% DETA presented the highest adsorption capacity for Cu(II) of all analyzed samples. Moreover, the results revealed that the Freundlich model was more appropriate than the Langmuir one for describing the adsorption of Cu(II) onto the modified fibers at various initial Cu(II) concentrations. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 87.77 mg/g at pH 4, and the percent removal of Cu(II) increased as the amount of adsorbent increased. Furthermore, the surface-modified PAN fibers could be easily regenerated using NaOH solution. Therefore, surface-modified PAN fibers could be used as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Calcium PretreatedHevea brasiliensisSawdust for Copper Removal: Batch and Column Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Swarup Biswas ◽  
Umesh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Packed Bed Column ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

Calcium pretreatedHevea brasiliensissawdust has been used as an effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of copper ion from the contaminated water. Batch experiment was conducted to check the effect of pH, initial concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dose. The results conclude that adsorption capacity of adsorbent was influenced by operating parameters. Maximum adsorption capacity found from the batch adsorption process was 37.74 mg/g at pH of 5.6. Various isotherm models like Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin were used to compare the theoretical and experimental data, whereas the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models were applied to study the kinetics of the batch adsorption process. Dynamic studies were also conducted in packed-bed column using different bed depths and the maximum adsorption capacity of 34.29 was achieved. Characterizations of the adsorbent were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Closing the cycle: phosphorus removal and recovery from diluted e?uents using acid resistive membranes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wessling
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Removal And Recovery

New regulations in many developed countries call for significant reduction in phosphorus concentration for effluents released to the environment. At the same time, recovery of phosphorus – a non-renewable resource used mainly as fertilizer – from anthropogenic waste is extensively studied and bolstered as a crucial component in maintaining future food security. Thus far, studies on phosphorus recovery mainly focused on concentrated streams; although diluted effluents such as treated wastewater often contain a significant portion of the phosphorus mass. Here we propose a new approach for the simultaneous removal and recovery of phosphorus from diluted effluents using a membrane characterized by high phosphate rejection and acid resistance. High P rejection allows for the concentration of phosphorus in the retentate until recoverable calcium-phosphate precipitants are formed, while acid resistance enables a simple and effective chemical cleaning of the membrane. Factors affecting the removal and recovery of phosphorus during filtration are studied here experimentally and through thermochemical modeling. CaCO3 precipitation in the retentate resulted in severe scaling, whereas calcium-phosphate precipitated mostly in the bulk, resulting in colloidal fouling which was manageable by maintaining sub-critical permeate flux. Selective Ca-P precipitation is feasible via pH adjustments, requiring very little acid addition as shown through thermochemical modeling. Calcium-phosphate deposits were easily removed from the feed channel using acid-cleaning, and the permeate flux was completely restored. Furthermore, phosphorus removal and recovery by nanofiltration was shown to require less operating expenses compared to a more conventional approach comprising P removal by ferric chloride addition and its subsequent recovery from incinerated sludge. Our results therefore demonstrate the potential of this new approach as a step forward towards closing the anthropogenic phosphorus cycle.

scholarly journals Modified Grape Seeds: A Promising Alternative for Nitrate Removal from Water

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4791
Author(s):  
Marija Stjepanović ◽  
Natalija Velić ◽  
Mirna Habuda-Stanić
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion Model

The aim of this work was to investigate grape seeds as a potential adsorbent for nitrate removal from water. Grape seeds were modified by quaternization and the applicability of the modified grape seeds (MGS) was evaluated in batch adsorption experiments. Fixed bed adsorption and regeneration studies were carried out to determine the regeneration capacity of MGS. The maximum adsorption capacity of 25.626 mg g−1 at native pH (6.3) for nitrate removal by MSG was comparable to that of the commercial anion exchange resin Relite A490 under similar conditions. The percent removal of nitrate from model nitrate solution was 86.47% and 93.25% for MGS, and Relite A490, respectively, and in synthetic wastewater 57.54% and 78.37%. Analysis of the batch adsorption data using isotherm models revealed that the Freundlich model provided a better fit to the data obtained than the Langmuir model, indicating multilayer adsorption. In kinetic terms, the results showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-first order model. By investigating the adsorption mechanism, the results suggest that the intraparticle diffusion model was not the only process controlling the adsorption of nitrate on MGS. In column experiments (adsorption/desorption studies), three adsorption cycles were tested with minimal decrease in adsorption capacities, implying that this alternative adsorbent can be successfully regenerated and reused.

scholarly journals Effective and Simple NaOH-Modification Method to Remove Methyl Violet Dye via Ipomoea aquatica Roots

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yie Chen Lu ◽  
Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh ◽  
Linda Biaw Leng Lim ◽  
Namal Priyantha
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Methyl Violet 2B ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Regeneration Experiment

In this study, a simple chemical modification was applied to a sustainable and abundantly available resource, kangkong root (KR), to remove methyl violet 2B (MV) dye. The chemically modified adsorbent (NaOH-KR) was obtained using NaOH solution treatment. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of pH, ionic strength, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration. A regeneration experiment was also carried out to assess the potential of reusability. The adsorption process was modelled using various kinetics and isotherm models, whereby the best-fitting models were evaluated by using the coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) and error functions. The Sips ( R 2 = 0.9714 , χ2 =0.16) and pseudo-second-order ( R 2 = 0.9996 , χ 2 = 0.007 ) models were identified to best represent the adsorption process. The Sips model predicted a maximum adsorption capacity at 551.5 mg g-1 for NaOH-KR, which is 55% improvement in performance when compared to nonmodified KR. Lastly, the regeneration experiment showed that NaOH-KR was able to maintain reasonable dye removal even after five consecutive cycles of regenerating and reusing.

scholarly journals A Fungal Modified Material With High Uranium (VI) Absorption Capacity And Strong Anti-Interference Ability

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Tan ◽  
Qiaorong Ye ◽  
Yaqing Liu ◽  
Yincheng Yang ◽  
Zui Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Solid Liquid

Abstract With polydioxyethylene ether as the bridge chain, a new fungal modified material with diamidoxime groups was prepared by a series of uncomplex synthesis reaction. The orthogonal experiment obtained its optimized adsorption conditions as follows: the initial pH value 6.5, the initial uranyl concentration 40 mg L-1, the contact time 130 min, and the solid-liquid ratio 25 mg L-1. The maximum adsorption capacity of target material was 446.20 mg g-1, and it was much greater than that of the similar monoamidoxime material (295.48 mg g−1). The linear Langmuir (R2 = 0.9856) isotherm models and the linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9931) fit the experimental data of uranium (VI) adsorption better, indicating the adsorption mechanism should mainly be the monolayer adsorption and chemical process. In addition, the relevant experiments exhibited the prepared material was of the good reuse and the excellent anti-interference performance, which suggested the new acquisition should also have well-applied prospect in the future.

scholarly journals Preliminary Studies on the Use of Sawdust and Peanut Shell Powder as Adsorbents for Phosphorus Removal from Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Asantewah Nkansah ◽  
Moses Donkoh ◽  
Osei Akoto ◽  
James Hawkins Ephraim
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Total P

Phosphorus is one of the key nutrients that contribute to eutrophication and excess algal growth in rivers and lakes and other surface water bodies. Such algal blooms affect the life of aquatic organisms, especially fishes, and block sunlight from reaching bottom dwelling plants thus inhibiting photosynthesis and stunting growth. In this study, sawdust and peanut shell powder were explored as adsorbents for the removal of phosphorus from aqueous solutions. A series of batch experiments were conducted to determine the effects of adsorbent dosage, initial phosphorus concentration and contact time on the rate of phosphorus removal. The results showed that 78% and 39% of phosphorus was removed by sawdust and peanut shell powder respectively at adsorbate concentrations of 10 mg/l (total P) for a period of 180 min at an adsorbent dosage of 0.4 g. It was also found that the highest phosphorus removal occurred at adsorbent mass of 0.4 g of sawdust and 0.6 for peanut shell powder. Adsorption data were fitted to the linearised forms of the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models to determine the water - adsorbent partitioning coefficient. Sawdust proved to be a better adsorbent than peanut shell powder.

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