The influence of particle size on the first flush strength of urban stormwater runoff

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2140-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Morgan ◽  
P. Johnston ◽  
K. Osei ◽  
L. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Rain Events

The presence of a first flush (FF) of suspended solids (SS) in stormwater runoff has important implications for the design of treatment facilities, as does the particle size of solids. Whilst numerous studies have examined the FF behaviour of SS, few have disaggregated FF trends by particle size. In this study, the FF behaviour of SS was investigated in five size ranges, sampled from an urban stormwater drainage system located in Dublin, Ireland. A weak FF was exhibited in the gross fraction of SS, with just two events from 14 transporting more than 50% of the SS mass in the first 25% of runoff, implying that treatment structures should be capable of removing SS throughout the storm event. In the majority of rain events, the FF strength increased with decreasing particle size, probably related to the lower intensities required to dislodge solids at the onset of rainfall. Although FF strength was correlated with rain event characteristics, prediction intervals were too broad to confirm FF presence based on rainfall data alone. Therefore, the design of smaller treatment volumes based on an assumption of FF must be justified by local monitoring data.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of influential factors for predicting pollutant first flush in urban stormwater runoff

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 115075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamali Perera ◽  
James McGree ◽  
Prasanna Egodawatta ◽  
K.B.S.N. Jinadasa ◽  
Ashantha Goonetilleke
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff

scholarly journals First flush analysis of urban stormwater runoff from an urban catchment in Johor, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 06014
Author(s):  
Noor Atiqah Zuraini ◽  
Noraliani Alias ◽  
Zainab Mohamed Yusof ◽  
Muhammad Nassir Hanapi ◽  
Sobri Harun
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff

An increase of pollutants that are present in the initial stage of stormwater runoff hydrograph compared to a later stage of runoff is defined as a first flush phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of first flush from samples of urban stormwater runoff obtained from the grounds of a University in Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. In order to achieve the study’s objective; field investigations, manual sampling of urban stormwater runoff, laboratory testing and data analysis were carried out and the evaluation of the first flush phenomenon was calculated using concentration-based first flush (CBFF) and mass-based first flush (MBFF. A total of 90 stormwater samples were collected from six (6) rainfall events and were tested for total suspended solids (TSS). For each rainfall event, the pollutographs and the dimensionless curves of the cumulative pollutant mass versus the cumulative discharged volume were plotted. The first flush coefficient was also determined in order to evaluate the occurrence of first flush. The results indicated that the storm events demonstrated a weak presence of first flush.

The toxicity and chemical composition of urban stormwater runoff

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken J. Hall ◽  
Bruce C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff

The effects of land use on the chemical composition of urban stormwater runoff and its subsequent acute toxicity to the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia pulex have been investigated in the Brunette drainage basin of Burnaby, British Columbia. Both land use and interval between rainfall events influenced the chemical composition and toxicity of the stormwater. The industrial and commercial land use sites were the major source of those trace metals most often considered toxic to aquatic invertebrates, with runoff from the commercial sites proving most frequently toxic to the test organism. Toxicity followed the sequence commercial > industrial > residential > open space. A detailed study of a single storm event indicated that while the “first-flush” of the storm contributed to toxicity—through the physical scouring of insoluble pollutants—some soluble pollutants, which were washed out of the watershed later in the storm event, also proved to be toxic. This finding has implications for the collection and treatment of stormwater runoff. Laboratory bioassays with synthetic stormwater composed of the trace metals Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn at concentrations observed in field samples demonstrated that pH and suspended solids helped to regulate the toxicity of trace metals, and implicated the importance of these factors in natural stormwater toxicity. Key words: stormwater, street surface sediments, land use, buildup time, trace metals, toxicity, Daphnia bioassays, pH, suspended solids effects.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Heavy Metals Concentration in Urban Stormwater Runoff

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1801-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Min Wang ◽  
Hui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Cu And Zn

In order to know the characteristic of spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metal concentrations in urban stormwater runoff, rainfall runoff from impervious underlying surfaces in urban region was observed during rain events. Results showed that during the precipitation process, heavy metal concentrations decreased gradually temporally (except Cd); concentrations of Fe, Cu and Zn meet Class III standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water in terminal runoff, but concentrations of Cd and Pb go beyond this standard far. Heavy metal concentrations in runoff from different types of landuses were significantly different. The arithmetic average concentrations of Fe, Cd, Cu and Zn in stormwater runoff from roof (e.g.,34.4mg/L, 0.15mg/L, 1.25mg/L and 1.23mg/L, respectively) were obviously higher than that in stormwater runoff from road (e.g., 11.8mg/L, 0.05mg/L, 0.13mg/L and 0.69mg/L, respectively).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document