scholarly journals Removal of potentially toxic elements from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater using activated carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2571-2579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajjad ◽  
Sardar Khan ◽  
Shams Ali Baig ◽  
Saduf Munir ◽  
Alia Naz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Maximum Removal ◽  
Cr Removal

Water contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has become one of the key issues in recent years that threatens human health and ecological systems. The present study is aimed at removing PTEs like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater using activated carbon (AC) as an adsorbent through different batch and column experiments. Results demonstrated that the removal of PTEs from aqueous solutions was highly pH dependent, except for Cr, and the maximum removal (>78%) was recorded at pH 6.0. However, maximum Cr removal (82.8%) was observed at pH 3.0. The adsorption reached equilibrium after 60 min with 2 g of adsorbent. Coefficient (R2) values suggested by the Langmuir isotherm model were 0.97, 0.96, 0.93 and 0.95 for Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb, respectively, indicating the fit to this model. In column experiments, the maximum removal of PTEs was observed at an adsorbent bed height of 20 cm with the optimal flow rate of 3.56 mL/min. Furthermore, PTEs removal by AC was observed in the order of Cu > Cd > Pb > Cr. Findings from this study suggest that AC could be used as a promising adsorbent for simultaneously removing several PTEs from wastewaters.

Removal of Pb(II) by adsorption onto Chinese walnut shell activated carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-ji Yi ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Yun-fei Kuang ◽  
Hui-lun Chen ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chinese Walnut ◽  
Maximum Removal

The excessive discharge of Pb(II) into the environment has increasingly aroused great concern. Adsorption is considered as the most effective method for heavy metal removal. Chinese walnut shell activated carbon (CWSAC) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were conducted by varying contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dose and initial Pb(II) concentration. Adsorption equilibrium was established within 150 min. Although temperature effect was insignificant, the Pb(II) adsorption was strongly pH dependent and the maximum removal was observed at pH 5.5. The Pb(II) removal efficiency increased with increasing CWSAC dosage up to 2.0 g/L and reached a maximum of 94.12%. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were employed to fit the adsorption data. The results suggested that the equilibrium data could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 81.96 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics data were fitted by pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models. The result indicated that the pseudo-first-order model best describes the adsorption kinetic data. In summary, CWSAC could be a promising material for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by modified of two kinds of marine algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Gracilaria corticata

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Esmaeili ◽  
Mona Kalantari ◽  
Betsabe Saremnia
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Gracilaria Corticata ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Maximum Removal

Biosorption of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by modified of two kinds of marine algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Gracilaria corticata In this research, the batch removal of Pb2+ ions from wastewater and aqueous solution with the use o two different modified algae Gracilaria corticata (red algae) and Sargassum glaucescens (brown algae) was examined. The experiment was performed in a batch system and the effect of the pH solution; initial concentration and contact time on biosorption by both biomasses were investigated and compared. When we used S. glaucescens as a biosorbent, the optima conditions of pH, Pb2+ concentration and equilibrium time were at 5, 200 mg/L and 70 min, in the range of 95.6% removal. When G. corticata was used for this process, pH 3, 15 mg/L pb2+ concentration and 50 min contact time, resulted in the maximum removal (86.4%). The equilibrium adsorption data are fitted to the Frundlich and Langmuir isotherm model, by S. glaucescens and G. corticata, respectively. The pb2+ uptake by both biosorbent was best described by the second-order rate model.

Remediating industrial wastewater containing potentially toxic elements with four freshwater algae

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardar Khan ◽  
Isha Shamshad ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Javed Nawab ◽  
Lei Ming
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Freshwater Algae

scholarly journals Sorption of Cobalt (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Chemically Modified Chitosan

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-627 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Uptake Process ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Maximum Removal

<p>Removal of Co(II) ions from aqueous solutions using chitosan-vanillin (polymer I) and chitosan-ortho-vanillin (polymer II) adsorbents has been investigated under different experimental conditions. The effect of pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, temperature, and initial concentration of studied ion on the sorption process has been studied using batch experiments. The quantity of residual ion has been estimated via atomic absorption spectrometry. The highest removal of Co(II) ions has been achieved at pH 4 with a maximum removal of 93.2% of ions after two hours of agitation. Langmuir isotherm model represents the best fit for the experimental data; whereas the highest chelation capacity was 5.899 mg g-1 and 7.651 mg g-1 for polymers I and II, respectively. Results from this study imply that chemisorption is the rate-determining step and thermodynamic parameters indicate that the uptake process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.</p>

The application of pine-based adsorbents to remove potentially toxic elements from aqueous solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
Katerina Philippou ◽  
Ioannis Anastopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Pashalidis ◽  
Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements

scholarly journals Nitrate removal from water using complex of activated carbon with Fe3+

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1097-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor ◽  
Leila Khosrozadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Shirdarreh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
The World ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

Abstract Pollution of surface and ground waters with nitrate is a serious issue in many regions of the world. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the extent of nitrate removal from aqueous solutions using a new complex of activated carbon. The effects of operating parameters such as pH of solution (3 to 9), adsorbent dosage (0.4 to 5 g in 50 mL), contact time (5 to 300 min) and initial concentration of nitrate (50 to 300 mg L−1) were studied. The highest efficiency of nitrate removal (95.4%) was related to application of modified activated carbon to a solution with pH of 7 and 100 mg L−1 nitrate concentration. Increasing the amount of modified activated carbon from 0.5 to 1 g in 50 mL promoted removal of nitrate from 82.6% to 94.1%. Furthermore, increasing contact time from 5 to 30 min improved removal efficiency from 76.6% to 92.3%. The obtained experimental data were compatible with the Langmuir isotherm model. In general, the results demonstrated that employing Fe3+-modified activated carbon can be considered as a new method of nitrate removal from aqueous solutions due its convenience, safety and high efficiency.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from Honeydew Rind as an Adsorbent in Zinc Removal from Aqueous Solutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1246-1250
Author(s):  
Zalilah Murni Yunus ◽  
Norzila Othman ◽  
Rafidah Hamdan ◽  
Nurun Ruslan Najwa ◽  
Norfarihah Abu Kasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Zinc Removal ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Maximum Removal ◽  
Effect Of Surface

In this study, activated carbon (AC) was produced from honeydew rind, a low-cost agricultural by-product, by chemical activation using H2SO4as an activator was used as an adsorbent for the removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions. Preparation method on the effect of surface morphology at different carbonization temperatures 450°C, 470°C, 490°C and 510°C was studied. The AC was characterized using FEM-SEM, FTIR and TG. Batch adsorptions were carried out to optimize different variables such as zinc concentration, contact time, pH and biosorbent amount. The results from AAS analysis showed that the maximum adsorption of zinc onto honeydew rind AC was achieved at the conditions of pH 7.5, 1.5g biosorbent amount, 1000mg/L initial zn concentration and 45min contact time. The maximum metal uptake and maximum removal were 66.55mg/g and 99.79% respectively.

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