Optimization of copper removal from aqueous solutions in a continuous electrochemical cell divided by cellulosic separator

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1233-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Najafpoor ◽  
Mojtaba Davoudi ◽  
Elham Rahmanpour Salmani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Copper Removal ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Optimal Conditions

Copper, as an inseparable part of many industrial discharges, threatens both public and environmental health. In this work, an electrochemical cell utilizing a cellulosic separator was used to evaluate Cu removal using graphite anodes and stainless steel cathodes in a continuous-flow mode reactor. In the experimental matrix, Cu concentration (1–5 mg L−1), electrolysis time (20–90 min), and current intensity (0.1–0.4 A) were employed. Results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of copper was obtained as 99%. The removal efficiency was independent of initial copper concentration and directly related to electrolysis time and current intensity. Energy consumption was more dependent on current intensity than electrolysis time. Under optimal conditions (75.8 min electrolysis time, 0.18 A current intensity, and 3 mg L−1 copper concentration), the removal efficiency was obtained as 91% while 7.05 kWh m−3 electrical energy was consumed. The differences between the actual and predicted data under optimal conditions were 0.42% for copper removal and 0.23% for energy consumption, which signify the performance and reliability of the developed models. The results exhibited the suitability of the electrochemical reduction for copper removal from aqueous solutions, which was facilitated under alkaline conditions prevailing in the cathodic compartment due to applying a cell divided by a cellulosic separator.

Degradation of basic violet 16 dye by electro-activated persulfate process from aqueous solutions and toxicity assessment using microorganisms: determination of by-products, reaction kinetic and optimization using Box–Behnken design

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-275
Author(s):  
Kamal Hasani ◽  
Mina Moradi ◽  
Seiyed Ahmad Mokhtari ◽  
Hadi sadeghi ◽  
Abdollah Dargahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
By Products

Abstract This study was performed to determine the efficiency of the electro/persulfate process to remove basic violet 16 (BV16) dye and COD from aqueous solutions. The present study was experimentally performed on a laboratory scale. The effect of pH on the process was investigated independently, and after performing the experiments, the effect of voltage (volts), the dose of persulfate (g/L), initial concentration of BV16 dye, and electrolysis time was investigated with the model presented by Box Behnken design, and optimal conditions for BV16 dye removal was obtained. Under optimal conditions, COD removal efficiency and toxicity changes during the process were calculated, and the effect of distance between electrodes and surface of electrodes on process efficiency was investigated. By-products of oxidative degradation were determined with LS-MS. The amount of electrical energy consumed by the process was investigated by voltage changes and then the kinetics of the process was investigated by a pseudo-first-order model. The results showed that the electro/persulfate process in optimal conditions including pH of 5, a voltage of 11.43 V, persulfate dose of 0.09 g/L, initial BV16 concentration of 45 mg/L, and electrolysis time of 48.5 min could provide BV16 dye removal efficiency of 95% and COD removal efficiency of 57.14%. Findings of electrical energy consumption showed that with increasing voltage, the efficiency of the process increased, but the amount of energy consumption also increased. Under optimal conditions, increasing distance between the electrodes was led to a decrease in removal efficiency, but the removal efficiency increased with the increasing surface of the electrodes. Based on the kinetic results, the electro/persulfate process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with R 2 = 0.9956. The present study showed that the electro/persulfate process as a useful technique has high efficiency in removing BV16 dye and its toxicity from aqueous solutions and can be effective and useful in removing the COD of solution.

scholarly journals Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Environments Using Micelle-Clay Adsorption

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohannad Qurie ◽  
Mustafa Khamis ◽  
Adnan Manassra ◽  
Ibrahim Ayyad ◽  
Shlomo Nir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Aqueous Environments

Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions under different conditions was investigated using either clay (montmorillonite) or micelle-clay complex, the last obtained by adsorbing critical micelle concentration of octadecyltrimethylammonium ions onto montmorillonite. Batch experiments showed the effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH on the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Langmuir adsorption isotherm fitted the experimental data giving significant results. Filtration experiments using columns filled with micelle-clay complex mixed with sand were performed to assess Cr(VI) removal efficiency under continuous flow at different pH values. The micelle-clay complex used in this study was capable of removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions without any prior acidification of the sample. Results demonstrated that the removal effectiveness reached nearly 100% when using optimal conditions for both batch and continuous flow techniques.

scholarly journals Electrochemical removal of copper from a simulated wastewater using a rotating tubular packed bed of woven screens electrode

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Jenan Hussein Hemeidan ◽  
Ali H. Abbar
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Electrochemical Reactor ◽  
Copper Removal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Simulated Wastewater

Copper removal from a simulated wastewater was investigated by using rotating tubular packed bed of woven screens electrode as a cathode in a new design of electrochemical reactor. Effects of electrolysis operating parameters like current (0.5–2.5 A), rotation speed (150–750 rpm), and initial copper concentration (100–500ppm) were investigated. Optimization of process parameters was carried out by adopting response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box–Behnken Design (BBD) where copper removal efficiency was selected as a response function. The results indicated that current has the main effect on the copper removal efficiency followed by rotation speed and concentration. The results of regression analysis revealed that the experimental data could be fitted to a second-order polynomial model with a value of determination coefficient (R2) equal to 0.9894 and Fisher test at value of 51.57 for. The optimum conditions of the process parameters based on RSM method were an initial copper concentration of 205 ppm, current of 2.5A, and rotation speed of 750 rpm utilizing cathode composed of screens with mesh no. 30 where a final copper concentration less than 2 ppm was obtained after 30 min.

scholarly journals The Removal of Amoxicillin with Zno Nanoparticles in Combination with US-H2O2 Advanced Oxidation Processes from Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rahdar ◽  
Shahin Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
The Us

Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of zinc oxidenanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in combination with US-H2O2 advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the removal of antibiotic amoxicillin (AMO) from aquatic environment.Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in a batch reactor system. The effect of the parameters, such as pH (3-8), the dose of nanoparticles (0.01-0.08 g/L), reaction time (10-100 min), the initial concentration of the AMO (150-250 mg/L) and H2O2 (0.1 – 5Mol/L) on the removal efficiency were studied in ultrasonic reactor. The residual AMO concentrations were measured at 190 nm using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer.Results: The results showed that the US-H2O2 advanced oxidation processes using ZnO NPs can effectively lead to the removal of AMO from the wastewater. The optimal conditions for this process were pH 3, 0.1 M of H2O2 and the dose ZnO NPs 0.05 g/L and time of 60 minutes. In the current study, it was found that the removal efficiency dropped with the increasing concentrations of AMO. Under optimal conditions with 150 mg/L of AMO and contact time of 60 min, the efficiency removal was also equal to 92.47%.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that AOP was a very effective method that can be used for the removal of AMO antibiotic from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Copper Analysis by Two Different Procedures of Sequential Extraction after Electrodialytic Remediation of Mine Tailings

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Andrea Lazo ◽  
Pamela Lazo ◽  
Alejandra Urtubia ◽  
María Gabriela Lobos ◽  
Claudia Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Copper Removal ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Initial Content ◽  
Complete Cell ◽  
A Current

The analysis of Cu distribution in pre-treated mine tailings after electrodialytic remediation was carried out by using two methods of sequential extraction. The initial content of copper in the tailings was 1109 mg Cu/kg of dry tailing, where close to 40% of the sample in weight corresponded to a soluble fraction. The tailing was treated with a leaching solution for 24 h. Three different solutions were tested: H2SO4 + HNO3 with pH = 1.9; H2SO4 + HNO3 with pH = 4.2; and NH4Cl 0.8 mol/L with pH = 5.5. After that, electrodialytic remediation experiments were carried out using an electric field of 2.7 V/cm for 15 days. The best performance for the complete cell was obtained with H2SO4 + HNO3 solutions, with a copper removal efficiency in the range of 62% to 67% and a current efficiency between 6% and 9%. The results of the remaining copper concentration between anode and cathode, from both procedures of sequential extraction, showed similar trends. The differences were mainly attributed to the use of different extractant solutions and extraction times. Soluble and exchangeable fractions were easily removed, with efficiencies higher than 80%. The lowest copper removal efficiency was obtained with NH4Cl 0.8 mol/L.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of Separate and Combined Modified Electrolysis Processes and Electric Coagulation in Removing Yellow Gold Dye (Gold Yellow X-GL) from Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ali Fallahzadeh ◽  
Davoud Ghadirian ◽  
Ahmad Fattahi ◽  
Pejman Amjadian ◽  
Samaneh Mozaffary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Iron Electrode ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Disposal of the wastewater produced in the paper and paperboard industry without the refining process can add substances to the environment, which are harmful to humans, environment, and other organisms. With regard to process efficiency, the current methods used in wastewater treatment of this industry are economically unjustifiable. Therefore, in this research, the electrolysis / electrocoagulation method was investigated using a graphite / iron electrode for synthetic aqueous solutions containing golden yellow X-GL. Materials and Methods: In this test, two Plexiglas reactors with a volume of 3 liters were used. The impact of the operation parameters such as voltage, initial dye concentration, and reaction time were investigated. Dye concentration in specimens was determined by visible spectrophotometry using DR-5000 at 438nm wavelength. Results: In optimal conditions of voltage 12V, dye concentration 10 mg/l, and time 60 min, the removal efficiency rates of electrolysis reactors, electric coagulation, and combined reactor were 64.17%, 75.42%, and 84.19% respectively. By increasing the dye concentration and decreasing the voltage, the dye removal efficiency decreased. Conclusion: The electric coagulation process using an iron electrode is a suitable method for removing the yellow color of colored aqueous solutions from the paper and paperboard industry.

scholarly journals Evaluate of head loss, sediment value and copper removal in sand media (rapid sand filter)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daneshi Navab ◽  
Banejad Hossein ◽  
Pirtag Hamedany Reza ◽  
Daneshi Vahab ◽  
Farokhi Maedeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Copper Removal ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sand Filter

Along with the technology development and increasing consumption of water resources, we are experiencing low qualities in the mentioned resources. Copper brings about serious environment al pollution, threatening human health and ecosystem. This metal found variously in water resources and industrial activities. Therefore, it needs to treat the water resources from these excessive amounts. Different methods have used for this reason but the most used method during recent years has been the absorption by economic absorbers such as sand. Rapid sand filters usually used in water and wastewater treatment plants for water clarification. In this research, a single layer gravity rapid sand filter has used to reduce different concentrations of copper. sediment value and head loss arising in filter media is simulated by using combination of Carman-Kozeny, Rose and Gregory models in different discharges of rapid sand filter. Results have shown that with increasing in discharge and decreasing in input copper concentration, arriving time to given head loss, is increasing. In addition, results demonstrated that with increasing in copper concentration in influent, removal efficiency is decreasing somewhat. Results of this research can applied in an appropriate design of rapid sand filter to copper removal, a prediction of rapid sand filter ability to copper removal and an estimation of arising head loss during filter work thus evaluating of time interval backwash. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10641 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 276-286

Effect of co-existing copper and calcium on the removal of As(V) by reused aluminum oxides

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
J. K. Yang ◽  
Y. J. Park ◽  
K. H. Kim ◽  
H. Y. Lee ◽  
K. C. Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Aluminum Oxides ◽  
Molar Ratios

Among the various heavy metals, arsenic is frequently found in abandoned mine drainage and the environmental fate of arsenic in real aqueous solutions can be highly dependent on the presence of co-existing ions. In this study, removal of arsenate through adsorption on the reused aluminum oxide or through precipitation was investigated in a single and in a binary system as a function of pH and concentration. Different removal behaviors of arsenate were observed in the presence of different cations as well as a variation of the molar ratios of arsenate to cations. Co-operative effects on arsenate removal by precipitation in solution occurred with an increase of copper concentration, while a decrease of arsenate removal resulted in increasing calcium concentration. It was observed that the arsenate removal in the presence of calcium would be highly dependent on the molar ratios of both elements.

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