scholarly journals Wastewater treatment plant effluent as a source of microplastics: review of the fate, chemical interactions and potential risks to aquatic organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2253-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Ziajahromi ◽  
Peta A. Neale ◽  
Frederic D. L. Leusch
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Wwtp Effluent

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent has been identified as a potential source of microplastics in the aquatic environment. Microplastics have recently been detected in wastewater effluent in Western Europe, Russia and the USA. As there are only a handful of studies on microplastics in wastewater, it is difficult to accurately determine the contribution of wastewater effluent as a source of microplastics. However, even the small amounts of microplastics detected in wastewater effluent may be a remarkable source given the large volumes of wastewater treatment effluent discharged to the aquatic environment annually. Further, there is strong evidence that microplastics can interact with wastewater-associated contaminants, which has the potential to transport chemicals to aquatic organisms after exposure to contaminated microplastics. In this review we apply lessons learned from the literature on microplastics in the aquatic environment and knowledge on current wastewater treatment technologies, with the aim of identifying the research gaps in terms of (i) the fate of microplastics in WWTPs, (ii) the potential interaction of wastewater-based microplastics with trace organic contaminants and metals, and (iii) the risk for aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals The truncate soft-shell clam, Mya truncata, as a biomonitor of municipal wastewater exposure and historical anthropogenic impacts in the Canadian Arctic.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M Schaefer ◽  
David Deslauriers ◽  
Ken M Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soft Shell Clam ◽  
Soft Shell

Municipal wastewater is a large source of pollution to Canadian waters, yet its effects on Arctic marine ecosystems remains relatively unknown. We characterized the impacts of municipal wastewater from a growing northern community, Iqaluit, Nunavut on the Arctic truncate soft-shell clam, Mya truncata. Clams were sampled from six locations that varied in proximity to the wastewater treatment plant and shell biogeochemical analysis revealed that clams nearest the wastewater treatment plant had slower growth rates, lower carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios, and elevated concentrations of copper and lead. A parallel analysis on mRNA expression profiles characterized M. truncata's physiological response to wastewater effluent. Clams nearest the wastewater treatment plant had significantly lower mRNA expression of genes associated with metabolism, antioxidants, molecular chaperones, and phase I and II detoxification, but had heightened mRNA expression in genes coding for enzymes that bind and remove contaminants. These results demonstrated a biological response to Iqaluit's wastewater effluent and highlight M. truncata's potential to act as a biomonitor of municipal wastewater along Canadian Arctic coastlines.

scholarly journals Microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of fish and the water from an urban prairie creek

FACETS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha H. Campbell ◽  
Patrick R. Williamson ◽  
Britt D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Creek Water ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Baseline Conditions ◽  
Freshwater Environments

Microplastics are defined as any plastic with a diameter ≤5 mm. Problems associated with these plastics such as contamination of both marine and freshwater environments and ingestion by aquatic organisms are of increasing concern. Our study quantifies the number of microplastics in a prairie creek immediately downstream of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Water samples and five species of fish were collected from sample sites upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the summers of 2015 and 2016. Samples were digested in either a Fe(II)/H2O2 or NaClO solution and observed under a microscope where plastics present were enumerated by colour and type. At least one microplastic was detected in 73.5% of fish and 95.6% of water samples, showing that the creek does, in fact, contain microplastics. Concentrations were higher in water from upstream sites, likely due to dilution of creek water by the release of treated effluent. The results of this study provide baseline conditions for the presence of plastics in the creek prior to a major upgrade of the WWTP scheduled for completion in 2016.

Fate of phthalate esters in municipal wastewater treatment plant and their environmental impact

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1395-1400
Author(s):  
Minghao Kong ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Yizhang Zhang ◽  
Ruixia Liu ◽  
Jian Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Receiving River

The fate and distribution of six phthalate esters (PAEs) in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) employing an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) process were investigated. The process achieved relatively high removal efficiencies of PAEs in the range 55–97%. It illustrated that biotransformation and sludge-adsorption were major elimination pathways by analyzing the mass balance and flux of PAEs. About 83% of ∑PAEs was entirely removed by A2/O bioreactors indicating biotransformation is the dominant removal mechanism. PAEs with shorter alkyl chain length and higher water solubility were more biodegradable. Less than 6% of ∑PAEs were removed by excess sludge adsorption. The sludge-adsorption capacity of PAE depends on its hydrophobicity. The levels and fluxes of PAEs were analyzed by monitoring different sites of the receiving river of the WWTP effluent to clarify the potential impact of discharge. Daily flux of PAEs upstream and downstream of the discharging point were 113 kg·d−1 and 205 kg·d−1, respectively, which were higher than the effluent devotion value of 6.67 kg·d−1. It suggested that the emissions from the WWTP appeared to be less than those from the other possible sources, such as potential untreated discharge and surface runoff. Improvement of wastewater collection efficiencies is necessary to eliminate the PAE load in the urban river.

EU-wide monitoring survey on emerging polar organic contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (17) ◽  
pp. 6475-6487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Loos ◽  
Raquel Carvalho ◽  
Diana C. António ◽  
Sara Comero ◽  
Giovanni Locoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Monitoring Survey

scholarly journals An innovative implementation of LCA within the EIA procedure: Lessons learned from two Wastewater Treatment Plant case studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 95-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyrène Larrey-Lassalle ◽  
Laureline Catel ◽  
Philippe Roux ◽  
Ralph K. Rosenbaum ◽  
Miguel Lopez-Ferber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Lessons Learned

scholarly journals Slovak natural zeolites as a suitable medium for antibiotics elimination from wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Petra Szabová ◽  
Michaela Plekancová ◽  
Nikolas Gróf ◽  
Igor Bodík
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Group ◽  
Pharmaceutical Substances ◽  
Emerging Organic Contaminants ◽  
Water Compartment ◽  
High Polarity ◽  
Environmental Compartments

Abstract Pharmaceuticals are one of the most used compounds present in various environmental compartments. Due to their high consumption and possible unhealthy effect on ecosystems, pharmaceuticals have been identified as “emerging organic contaminants”. Since these compounds have medium to high polarity, they end up in the water compartment after being used. This work deals with the sorption of three pharmaceutical substances from the therapeutic group of antibiotics. Specifically we have focused on Azithromycin, Clarithromycin and Erythromycin. Three fractions of the natural Slovak zeolites (200 μm, 0.5—1 mm and 1.5—2 mm) were used as the sorption medium. Experimental results have proven very effective sorption of antibiotics by zeolites. Azithromycin removal of over 99 % for all three zeolite fractions from wastewater treatment plant Stupava and wastewater treatment plant Devínska Nová Ves was achieved. Clarithromycin removal of 79 % for fraction 1—2.5 mm, 87.3 % for fraction 0.5—1 mm and of 99.8 % for fraction 200 μm from the effluent of wastewater treatment plant Stupava was observed. Erythromycin removal of 31.3 % for fraction 1—2.5 mm, 66.9 % for fraction 0.5—1mm and of 94.7 % for fraction 200 μm from effluent of wastewater treatment plant Stupava was measured. More than 95 % of Clarithromycin and Erythromycin were eliminated from the effluent of wastewater treatment plant Devínska Nová Ves. The highest elimination percentage was observed for the smallest zeolite fraction due to the highest specific surface area.

Startup and operation of a large wastewater treatment plant in warm climate and under modified conditions – a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarioglu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Warm Climate ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
Treated Sewage Effluent ◽  
The City

This study summarizes the findings and lessons learned from the start up and operation of a large wastewater treatment plant in warm climate under modified conditions. The treatment works comprise of a newly constructed sewage treatment plant located in the city of Dubai, U.A.E with an ultimate capacity of 300 Ml/d. The plant can be reviewed in three major parts; (i) liquid stream, (ii) sludge stream and (iii) odor control stream all having the latest state of the art technology and related equipments. The challenge in starting up the plant was related to the fact that only 20% of the flow was available in the form of hauled sewage to be hauled from septic tanks located in various parts of the city and also from the nearby industry which was uncontrollable. Furthermore, some parts of the plant were not ready to be commissioned on the day of the planned startup not to mention that effluent irrigation main was not complete to receive the treated sewage effluent (TSE) from the plant. A comprehensive commissioning plan was implemented and followed during the startup which was tailored according to the actual conditions. The plant commissioning was conducted in a phased sequence to cater for the expected and unexpected changes related to the inlet conditions. Commissioning and operation of the plant was carried for over 18 months with success considering the challenging and difficult conditions.

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