Cd(II) removal on surface-modified activated carbon: equilibrium, kinetics and mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1800-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Liang ◽  
Meiling Liu ◽  
Yufei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Modified

Commercial pulverous activated carbon (AC-0) was modified through two steps: oxidize AC-0 acid firstly, impregnate it with iron using ferric chloride secondly. Orthogonal experiment was conducted then to prepare modified activated carbon with high Cd(II) adsorption capacity (ACNF). Batch adsorption experiments were undertaken to determine the adsorption characteristics of Cd(II) from aqueous solution onto AC-0 and ACNF and the effect of pH, contact time and initial Cd(II) concentration. The results indicate that: the adsorption behavior of Cd(II) on ACNF can be well fitted with Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of ACNF was 2.3 times higher than that of AC-0, supporting a monolayer coverage of Cd(II) on the surface. The kinetics of the adsorption process can be described by pseudo-second-order rate equation very well, and the adsorption capacity increased from 0.810 mg/g to 0.960 mg/g after modification. Compared with AC-0, the kinetic parameters of ACNF showed a higher adsorption rate through the aqueous solution to the solid surface and a lower intraparticle diffusion rate. Surface modification resulted in a lower Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size because of the collapse and blockage of pores, according to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, while the total number of surface oxygen acid groups increased, and this was supposed to contribute to the enhanced adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon.

scholarly journals Effect of activated carbons from rubber seed shell on Crystal Violet removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anegbe ◽  
R.C. Emeribe ◽  
J.M. Okuo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Dyes are complex organic compounds which are used by various industries to add colour to their products. Water bodies are polluted when these industries dispose their effluents to the environment. In this study, powdered activated carbon was prepared from rubber seed shells (RSS) and was employed in the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution. The rubber seed shell was first activated using ammonium chloride, shared into two portions and was carbonized at 500 and 300o C respectively. They were characterized in terms of bulk density, ash and moisture contents, surface area and IR Spectroscopy. Batch adsorption process which involved the use of these rubber seed shells was employed in the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution. The effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH and dye concentration were investigated. The results showed that o maximum adsorption capacity of 500 C carbonized rubber seed shell was 97.93 % at 75 mins. The adsorbent dose, pH and optimum concentration were respectively 5.0 g, 10 and 10 mg/l. The maximum adsorption  capacity of 300o C carbonized rubber seed shell was 96.73 % at 30 mins with an adsorbent dose of 5.0 g; pH of 10 and optimum concentration of 10 mg/l. The experimental data obtained were fitted into Freundlich,Langmuir, Temkin and Frumkin adsorption isotherms and was found to fit into the four isotherms. However,  the rubber seed shell carbonized at 500o C was found to be more effective in the removal of crystal violet from o aqueous solution than that carbonized at 300o C. This might probably be due to the larger surface area. Keywords: Activated Carbon, Rubber Seed Shell and Crystal Violet

scholarly journals Fly Ash Coated with Magnetic Materials: Improved Adsorbent for Cu (II) Removal from Wastewater

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maria Harja ◽  
Gabriela Buema ◽  
Nicoleta Lupu ◽  
Horia Chiriac ◽  
Dumitru Daniel Herea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
X Ray

Fly ash/magnetite material was used for the adsorption of copper ions from synthetic wastewater. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Batch adsorption experiments were employed in order to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, initial Cu (II) concentration and contact time over adsorption efficiency. The experimental isotherms were modeled using Langmuir (four types of its linearization), Freundlich, Temkin, and Harkins–Jura isotherm models. The fits of the results are estimated according to the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.39 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order model was able to describe kinetic results. The data obtained throughout the study prove that this novel material represents a potential low-cost adsorbent for copper adsorption with improved adsorption capacity and magnetic separation capability compared with raw fly ash.

scholarly journals Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Amine-Doped Polyacrylonitrile Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Kay Thwe Aung ◽  
Seung-Hee Hong ◽  
Seong-Jik Park ◽  
Chang-Gu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Pan Fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were prepared via electrospinning and were modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) to fabricate surface-modified PAN fibers. The surface-modified PAN fibers were used to evaluate their adsorption capacity for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to examine the effects of the modification process, initial concentration, initial pH, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption of Cu(II). Kinetic analysis revealed that the experimental data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model better than the pseudo-first-order model. Adsorption equilibrium studies were conducted using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, and the findings indicated that the PAN fibers modified with 85% DETA presented the highest adsorption capacity for Cu(II) of all analyzed samples. Moreover, the results revealed that the Freundlich model was more appropriate than the Langmuir one for describing the adsorption of Cu(II) onto the modified fibers at various initial Cu(II) concentrations. The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 87.77 mg/g at pH 4, and the percent removal of Cu(II) increased as the amount of adsorbent increased. Furthermore, the surface-modified PAN fibers could be easily regenerated using NaOH solution. Therefore, surface-modified PAN fibers could be used as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals SURFACE MODIFICATION OF CANARIUM OVATUMENGL.(PILI) SHELL AS ADSORBENT OF LEAD(Pb2+) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Jr. S. Cajucom ◽  
◽  
Lolibeth V. Figueroa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Surface Modified

This study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of raw pili shell (RPS) and the surface modified pili shell using EDTA (EMPS) and oxalic acid (OMPS). A comparative study on the adsorption capacity of the adsorbents was performed against lead (Pb2+) from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, which showed higher peak of adsorption bands of carboxylic groups on the acid modified pili shells. Scanning electron microscope orSEM was also used to describe the surface morphology of the adsorbents. The linear form of Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to represent adsorption data. The calculated equilibrium data of Pb (II) best fitted to Langmuir compare to Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 27.03 mg/g and 45.45 mg/g using EMPS and OMPS, respectively. Kinetic sorption models were used to determine the adsorption mechanism and the kinetic data of all the adsorbents correlated (R2=1) wellwith the pseudo second order kinetic model. Among the three adsorbents, OMPS shown higher percent removal of lead compared to RPS and EMPS. The large adsorption capacity rate indicated that chemically modified pili shell in present study has great potential to be used as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of lead ions from the water.

Characterization of the Corallina Elongata Alga and Study of its Biosorption Properties for Methylene Blue

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Farida Bouremmad Farida Bouremmad ◽  
Abdennour Bouchair Abdennour Bouchair ◽  
Sorour Semsari Parapari Sorour Semsari Parapari ◽  
Shalima Shawuti and Mehmet Ali Gulgun Shalima Shawuti and Mehmet Ali Gulgun
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Aquatic Biomass ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Biosorbents can be an alternative to activated carbon. They are derived from agricultural by-products or aquatic biomass. They are low cost and they may have comparable performances to those of activated carbon. The present study focuses on the characterization of the Corallina Elongata (CE) alga and its adsorption performance for Methylene Blue (MB), this alga is found in abundance at the Mediterranean coast of the city of Jijel in eastern Algeria. The dried alga was characterized using various characterization techniques such as DTA, TG, FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX, which showed that the material consists essentially of a calcite containing magnesium. Batch adsorption studies were carried out and the effect of experimental parameters Such as pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, adsorbent dose and contact time, on the adsorption of MB was studied. The kinetic experimental data were found to conform to the pseudo-second-order model with good correlation and equilibrium data were best fitted to The Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 34.4 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms at various temperatures allowed the determination of certain thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS). Finally, the adsorption results showed a good affinity between CE and MB with a high adsorption capacity.

Removal of Arsenate from Aqueous Solution Using Nanoscale Iron Particles

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Yuan ◽  
Hsing-Lung Lien
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Iron Corrosion ◽  
Nanoscale Iron Particles

Abstract Removal of As(V) using nanoscale iron particles was examined in batch reactors. Nanoscale iron particles, utilizing zerovalent iron with a diameter less than 100 nm as reactive materials, have been demonstrated to effectively remediate a wide variety of common environmental contaminants. In this study, characterization of nanoscale iron particles and their corrosion products was conducted using SEM-EDX, XRD, BET surface area analyzer and Laser Zee Meter. SEM-EDX results indicated adsorption of arsenic onto the iron surface, and XRD analysis found the formation of iron corrosion products including lepidocrocite, magnetite and/or maghemite at a reaction period of 7 d. Measurements of zeta potential revealed that the nanoscale iron particles have a zero point of charge at pH 4.4. Increasing adsorption amounts of arsenic with decreasing pH can therefore be attributed to the positive surface charge of the particles at lower pH. The maximum adsorption capacity of nanoscale iron particles determined by the Langmuir equation was about 38.2 mg/g. Normalization of the adsorption capacity to specific surface areas provides insight into the importance of iron types and the contact time of reactions in influencing arsenic uptake.

Synthesis and evaluation of activated carbon/nanoclay/ thiolated graphene oxide nanocomposite for lead(II) removal from aqueous solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mojoudi ◽  
Amir Hossein Hamidian ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Fast Kinetics

Abstract Novel porous nanocomposite (AC/NC/TGO) was successfully synthesized through the composition of activated carbon, nanoclay and graphene oxide as a Pb(II) adsorbent for the treatment of contaminated aqueous environment. The physicochemical properties and morphology of AC/NC/TGO were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques. Results showed Pb(II) adsorption on the AC/NC/TGO was rapid in the first 20 min and reached equilibrium in 40 min. Kinetic studies showed significant fit to the pseudo second order kinetic model (R2 ≥ 0.9965) giving an equilibrium rate constant (K2) of 0.0017 g mg−1 min−1 for Pb(II) loaded. The experimental adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model than with the Freundlich isotherm model. Prepared nanocomposite exhibited high values of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 1,296 m2 g−1 and total pore volume of 1.01 cm3 g−1. Maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax = 208 mg g−1) and a relatively high adsorption rate was achieved at pH 5.0 using an adsorbent dose of 0.5 g L−1 and an initial lead concentration of 50 mg L−1. High adsorption capacity, reusability, fast kinetics and simple synthesis method indicate that prepared nanocomposite can be suggested as a high-performance adsorbent for Pb(II) removal from polluted water.

scholarly journals Adsorption of ibuprofen from aqueous solution on chemically surface-modified activated carbon cloths

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. S3584-S3594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanen Guedidi ◽  
Laurence Reinert ◽  
Yasushi Soneda ◽  
Nizar Bellakhal ◽  
Laurent Duclaux
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Modified

Adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solution by activated carbon and carbon nanotubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2240-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Szlachta ◽  
P. Wójtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study was conducted to determine the adsorption removal of dyes by powdered activated carbon (PAC, Norit) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, Chinese Academy of Science) from an aqueous solution. Methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) were selected as model compounds. The adsorbents tested have a high surface area (PAC 835 m2/g, MWCNTs 358 m2/g) and a well-developed porous structure which enabled the effective treatment of dye-contaminated waters and wastewaters. To evaluate the capacity of PAC and MWCNTs to adsorb dyes, a series of batch adsorption experiments was performed. Both adsorbents exhibited a high adsorptive capacity for MB and CR, and equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model, with the maximum adsorption capacity up to 400 mg/g for MB and 500 mg/g for CR. The separation factor, RL, revealed the favorable nature of the adsorption process under experimental conditions. The kinetics of adsorption was studied at various initial dye concentrations and solution temperatures. The pseudo-second-order model was used for determining the adsorption kinetics of MB and CR. The data obtained show that adsorption of both dyes was rapid in the initial stage and followed by slower processing to reach the plateau. The uptake of dyes increased with contact time, irrespective of their initial concentration and solution temperature. However, changes in the solution temperature did not significantly influence dye removal.

Adsorption of leather dye onto activated carbon prepared from bottle gourd: equilibrium, kinetic and mechanism studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Luiz Foletto ◽  
Caroline Trevisan Weber ◽  
Diego Silva Paz ◽  
Marcio Antonio Mazutti ◽  
Lucas Meili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Kinetic ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Activated carbon prepared from bottle gourd has been used as adsorbent for removal of leather dye (Direct Black 38) from aqueous solution. The activated carbon obtained showed a mesoporous texture, with surface area of 556.16 m2 g−1, and a surface free of organic functional groups. The initial dye concentration, contact time and pH significantly influenced the adsorption capacity. In the acid region (pH 2.5) the adsorption of dye was more favorable. The adsorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. Equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacity of 94.9 mg g−1. Adsorption kinetic data were fitted using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption kinetic was best described by the second-order kinetic equation. The adsorption process was controlled by both external mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion. Activated carbon prepared from bottle gourd was shown to be a promising material for adsorption of Direct Black 38 from aqueous solution.

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