A methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the sewer network model SWMM 5.1 based on dynamic link libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 3017-3026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Leandro ◽  
Ricardo Martins
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Dynamic Link Library ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Dynamic Link

Abstract Pluvial flooding in urban areas is characterized by a gradually varying inundation process caused by surcharge of the sewer manholes. Therefore urban flood models need to simulate the interaction between the sewer network and the overland flow in order to accurately predict the flood inundation extents. In this work we present a methodology for linking 2D overland flow models with the storm sewer model SWMM 5. SWMM 5 is a well-known free open-source code originally developed in 1971. The latest major release saw its structure re-written in C ++ allowing it to be compiled as a command line executable or through a series of calls made to function inside a dynamic link library (DLL). The methodology developed herein is written inside the same DLL in C + +, and is able to simulate the bi-directional interaction between both models during simulation. Validation is done in a real case study with an existing urban flood coupled model. The novelty herein is that the new methodology can be added to SWMM without the need for editing SWMM's original code. Furthermore, it is directly applicable to other coupled overland flow models aiming to use SWMM 5 as the sewer network model.

scholarly journals Modelling Pluvial Flooding in Urban Areas Coupling the Models Iber and SWMM

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
Esteban Sañudo ◽  
Luis Cea ◽  
Jerónimo Puertas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Dynamic Link Library ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Overland Flow Model

Dual urban drainage models allow users to simulate pluvial urban flooding by analysing the interaction between the sewer network (minor drainage system) and the overland flow (major drainage system). This work presents a free distribution dual drainage model linking the models Iber and Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), which are a 2D overland flow model and a 1D sewer network model, respectively. The linking methodology consists in a step by step calling process from Iber to a Dynamic-link Library (DLL) that contains the functions in which the SWMM code is split. The work involves the validation of the model in a simplified urban street, in a full-scale urban drainage physical model and in a real urban settlement. The three study cases have been carefully chosen to show and validate the main capabilities of the model. Therefore, the model is developed as a tool that considers the main hydrological and hydraulic processes during a rainfall event in an urban basin, allowing the user to plan, evaluate and design new or existing urban drainage systems in a realistic way.

Bi-directional Coupling of an Unstructured Triangular Meshes-based Integrated Hydrodynamic Model for Heterogeneous Feature-based Urban Flood Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Peng ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Zhiyao Song ◽  
Arif Masrur
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Heterogeneous Feature

Abstract Urban pluvial flash floods have become a matter of widespread concern, as they severely impact people’s lives in urban areas. Hydrological and hydraulic models have been widely used for urban flood management and urban planning. Traditionally, to reduce the complexity of urban flood modelling and simulations, simplification or generalization methods have been used; for example, some models focus on the simulation of overland water flow, and some models focus on the simulation of the water flow in sewer systems. However, the water flow of urban floods includes both overland flow and sewer system flow. The overland flow processes are impacted by many different geographical features in what is an extremely spatially heterogeneous environment. Therefore, this article is based on two widely used models (SWMM and ANUGA) that are coupled to develop a bi-directional method of simulating water flow processes in urban areas. The open source overland flow model uses the unstructured triangular as the spatial discretization scheme. The unstructured triangular-based hydraulic model can be better used to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the urban surfaces. So, the unstructured triangular-based model is an essential condition for heterogeneous feature-based urban flood simulation. The experiments indicate that the proposed coupled model in this article can accurately depict surface waterlogged areas and that the heterogeneous feature-based urban flood model can be used to determine different types of urban flow processes.

scholarly journals Enhanced DEM-based flow path delineation methods for urban flood modelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
J. P. Leitão ◽  
D. Prodanović ◽  
S. Boonya-aroonnet ◽  
Č. Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Synthetic Test ◽  
Water Accumulation ◽  
Flooding Events

In order to simulate surface runoff and flooding, one-dimensional (1D) overland flow networks can be automatically delineated using digital elevation models (DEM). The resulting network comprises flow paths and terrain depressions/ponds and is essential to reliably model pluvial (surface) flooding events in urban areas by so-called 1D/1D models. Conventional automatic DEM-based flow path delineation methods have problems in producing realistic overland flow paths when detailed high-resolution DEMs of urban areas are used. The aim of this paper is to present the results of research and development of three enhanced DEM-based overland flow path delineation methods; these methods are triggered when the conventional flow path delineation process stops due to a flow obstacle. Two of the methods, the ‘bouncing ball and buildings’ and ‘bouncing ball and A*’ methods, are based on the conventional ‘bouncing ball’ concept; the third proposed method, the ‘sliding ball’ method, is based on the physical water accumulation concept. These enhanced methods were tested and their results were compared with results obtained using two conventional flow path delineation methods using a semi-synthetic test DEM. The results showed significant improvements in terms of the reliability of the delineated overland flow paths when using these enhanced methods.

Flood analysis in mixed-urban areas reflecting interactions with the complete water cycle through coupled hydrologic-hydraulic modelling

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1386-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Sto. Domingo ◽  
A. Refsgaard ◽  
O. Mark ◽  
B. Paludan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
New Method ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Flood Analysis ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

The potential devastating effects of urban flooding have given high importance to thorough understanding and management of water movement within catchments, and computer modelling tools have found widespread use for this purpose. The state-of-the-art in urban flood modelling is the use of a coupled 1D pipe and 2D overland flow model to simultaneously represent pipe and surface flows. This method has been found to be accurate for highly paved areas, but inappropriate when land hydrology is important. The objectives of this study are to introduce a new urban flood modelling procedure that is able to reflect system interactions with hydrology, verify that the new procedure operates well, and underline the importance of considering the complete water cycle in urban flood analysis. A physically-based and distributed hydrological model was linked to a drainage network model for urban flood analysis, and the essential components and concepts used were described in this study. The procedure was then applied to a catchment previously modelled with the traditional 1D-2D procedure to determine if the new method performs similarly well. Then, results from applying the new method in a mixed-urban area were analyzed to determine how important hydrologic contributions are to flooding in the area.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Urban Flood Risk Assessment and Management—A Case Study of Delhi National Capital Territory (NCT), India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12850
Author(s):  
Pallavi Tomar ◽  
Suraj Kumar Singh ◽  
Shruti Kanga ◽  
Gowhar Meraj ◽  
Nikola Kranjčić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Urban floods are very destructive and have significant socioeconomic repercussions in regions with a common flooding prevalence. Various researchers have laid down numerous approaches for analyzing the evolution of floods and their consequences. One primary goal of such approaches is to identify the areas vulnerable to floods for risk reduction and management purposes. The present paper proposes an integrated remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS), and field survey-based approach for identifying and predicting urban flood-prone areas. The work is unique in theory since the methodology proposed finds application in urban areas wherein the cause of flooding, in addition to heavy rainfall, is also the inefficient urban drainage system. The work has been carried out in Delhi’s Yamuna River National Capital Territory (NCT) area, considered one of India’s most frequently flooded urban centers, to analyze the causes of its flooding and supplement the existing forecasting models. Research is based on an integrated strategy to evaluate and map the highest flood boundary and identify the area affected along the Yamuna River NCT of Delhi. In addition to understanding the causal factors behind frequent flooding in the area, using field-based information, we developed a GIS model to help authorities to manage the floods using catchment precipitation and gauge level relationship. The identification of areas susceptible to floods shall act as an early warning tool to safeguard life and property and help authorities plan in advance for the eventuality of such an event in the study area.

scholarly journals Methodology for qualitative urban flooding risk assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
João P. Leitão ◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida ◽  
Nuno E. Simões ◽  
André Martins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Flooding Risk

Pluvial or surface flooding can cause significant damage and disruption as it often affects highly urbanised areas. Therefore it is essential to accurately identify consequences and assess the risks associated with such phenomena. The aim of this study is to present the results and investigate the applicability of a qualitative flood risk assessment methodology in urban areas. This methodology benefits from recent developments in urban flood modelling, such as the dual-drainage modelling concept, namely one-dimensional automatic overland flow network delineation tools (e.g. AOFD) and 1D/1D models incorporating both surface and sewer drainage systems. To assess flood risk, the consequences can be estimated using hydraulic model results, such as water velocities and water depth results; the likelihood was estimated based on the return period of historical rainfall events. To test the methodology two rainfall events with return periods of 350 and 2 years observed in Alcântara (Lisbon, Portugal) were used and three consequence dimensions were considered: affected public transportation services, affected properties and pedestrian safety. The most affected areas in terms of flooding were easily identified; the presented methodology was shown to be easy to implement and effective to assess flooding risk in urban areas, despite the common difficulties in obtaining data.

Urban Flood Inundation Model for High Density Building Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farid ◽  
◽  
Akira Mano ◽  
Keiko Udo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Overland Flow Model ◽  
Inundation Model

In this paper, the development of a flood inundation model considering the effect of buildings in dense urban areas is purposed. A 2D overland flow model is coupled with a 1D channel model to simulate flood inundation with an exchange of flow between rivers and surface floodplains. The momentum equation in the overland flow model is modified in order to consider urban flood characteristics. The “sharing rate,” which is defined as the occupancy area of building in each grid of a model domain, is applied to represent the effect of a building Drag force that occurs due to the reaction of force acting on a building is included. Hydrological processes are accommodated by combining a tank model in outsource terms. The model is applied to the downstream part of the Ciliwung River basin where Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, is located. Results regarding the water level and inundation map are compared with observed data and show fair agreement.

scholarly journals Modelling floods in urban areas and representation of buildings with a method based on adjusted conveyance and storage characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1150-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vojinovic ◽  
Solomon Seyoum ◽  
Mwanaisha H. Salum ◽  
Roland K. Price ◽  
Ahmad K. Fikri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Coarse Resolution ◽  
Resolution Model ◽  
Inertia Model ◽  
Depth Relationship

The present paper reviews several approaches that can be used in capturing urban features in coarse resolution two-dimensional (2D) models and it demonstrates the effectiveness of a new approach against the straightforward 2D modelling approach on a hypothetical and a real-life case study work. The case study work addresses the use of coarse grid resolutions in 2D non-inertia models. The 2D non-inertia model used solves continuity and momentum equations over the cells of the coarse model while taking the minimum elevation as a surface level. The volume stored in every cell is calculated as a volume-depth relationship. In order to replicate restriction in conveyances in x–y directions of fine resolution models due to building blocks, the friction values of the coarse-resolution model are adjusted to match the results of the high-resolution model. The work presented in this paper shows the possibility of applying a 2D non-inertia model more effectively in urban flood modelling applications whilst still making use of the high resolution of topographic data that can nowadays be easily acquired.

scholarly journals Visualization of urban flood areas of the Amazon piedmont with Multi-Agents Vectors Natural Geo-inspired (AVNG)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Eduardo Millán-Rojas ◽  
José Nelson Pérez-Castillo ◽  
Adriana Patricia Gallego Torres
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Colombian Amazon ◽  
Natural Agent ◽  
Piedmont Region ◽  
Multi Agents

In the literature there are different ways to calculate and display inun-given by geo-graphical entities (rivers or streams) using mathematical and physical models in 1D and 2D areas, tools are also used as geographic information systems (GIS), fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms and others. In this article the use of Agents Vectors Natural Geo-inspired (AVNG) is shown. The AVNG part of the concept of agent, integrating mode-the vector GIS to achieve the construction of an element ca-pable of dynamically represent a geographical entity (Vector) from two behaviors, natural and induced (Natural Agent) able to generate an approach to environmental ges-ment. In order to implement the conceptual model AVNG a case study is pre-sented in the Colombian Amazon piedmont region where flash floods in urban areas cause matter-les disaster and loss of life.

scholarly journals Determination Towards Decision of Public Response in Flood Situation: Case Study in Urban Flood Prone Area in Central Region in Thailand

2014 ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-soon Raungratanaamporn
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Response Effort ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Factors Influencing

Public involvement has become a crucial part in increasing the efficiency of disaster management activities nowadays. In particular, collaboration between civil society and municipalities emerge in disaster situations because uncertainties in personal perception compel them to do so more than their own willingness to involved in disaster management activity. Since this appears to have occurred as a response to the 2011 flood situation in Thailand, the question is how a successful was this collaboration? The aim of this research is to identify factors influencing people’s involvement in disaster management activity. The two study objectivesare as follows: (1) to elucidate the characteristics of flood responses in the selected case study, and (2) to measure the level of involvement of community members in flood-prone urban areas during the flood situation in 2011. This study area is located in PakKretMunicipality, NonthaburiProvince, which is considered as one area that was successful in its flood management efforts during the 2011 flood situation. This research utilized a questionnaire survey, which adopts and extends concepts relevant to willingness to pay for and take part in disaster management activities. Fivefactors were applied to the investigation: (1) Respondents’ information; (2) Decision of respondents to take action, classified by flood inundation level; (3) Perception towards stakeholders in flood management activities; (4) Factors influencing respondents to become involved in flood management activity; and (5) Current preparation and response effort. The study found that external groups such as central and local government, community leaders and members have to take responsibility as first-tier respondents in disaster situations. In the case of collaboration, community members are willing to help government sector as volunteers, and the three most influentialfactors which led community members to become involved in disaster management activity are level of severity, duration of disaster, and expectation to avoid escalation of the situation.

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