Removal of humic acid from composted hog waste by the white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junying Liu ◽  
Yunmeng Song ◽  
Roger Ruan ◽  
Yuhuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Strong Agreement

Abstract The potential hazards of humic acid (HA) associated with hog waste effluent, coupled with increasing awareness of environmental problems, have prompted many countries to control disposal of effluents into water bodies and to maximize removal of HA. Here we employed the white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to degrade the HA in composted hog waste effluent, evaluated by the response surface method. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that pH, temperature and quantity of inoculum are significant variables determining success of the fungus. In total, 13 experiments were conducted with three variables designated as A (pH), B (temperature) and C (inoculum amount). The optimal conditions for reduction of HA by P. chrysosporium are pH 6, 31.5°C and an inoculum quantity of 5.86 g. Predicted and experimental results exhibit strong agreement, indicating efficiency in the model obtained by response surface method. Therefore, P. chrysosporium is an effective micro-organism for removal of HA from composted hog waste effluent.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI KONDISI EKTRAKSI VANILLIN HASIL DEGRADASI LIGNOSELULOSA BAGAS TEBU MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD (RSM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Irnia Nurika ◽  
Faudina Nurin Nisa' ◽  
Nurul Azizah ◽  
Sri Suhartini
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Surface Method

Optimization of Vanillin Extraction Conditions from Lignocellulose Degradation of Sugarcane Bagasse using the Response Surface Method (RSM) Sugarcane bagasse is an agricultural waste containing lignocellulose and has the potential to be processed into high-value chemicals such as vanillin. The degradation of sugarcane bagasse lignocellulose can be carried out biologically by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. This study aims to obtain optimal extraction conditions in the form of ethyl acetate solvent volume and extraction time, using the response surface method (RSM). Two optimized factors were the volume of ethyl acetate (71.72; 80; 100; 120; and 128.28 mL) and the extraction time (35.16; 60; 120; 180; 204.84 minutes). The response variables were the concentration (%) and yield of vanillin (µg g–1). The research on the optimization of the response of vanillin levels and vanillin yield was carried out at 14 days incubation with the highest average total soluble phenol (TSP) value of 0.101 mg g–1. The optimal condition of ethyl acetate volume of 109.730 mL with an extraction time of 137.302 minutes was predicted to produce vanillin levels and yields of 0.0078% and 8.9089 g g–1, respectively, with an accuracy value of 93.4%. Based on the verification results, the optimal vanillin concentration and yield were 0.0077% and 8.9805 g g–1, respectively. Bagas tebu merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung lignoselulosa dan berpotensi diolah menjadi bahan kimia bernilai tinggi seperti vanillin. Degradasi lignoselulosa bagas tebu dapat dilakukan secara biologis oleh jamur pelapuk putih Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kondisi ekstraksi optimal berupa volume pelarut etil asetat dan lama waktu ekstraksi, menggunakan response surface method (RSM). Dua faktor yang dioptimasi adalah volume etil asetat (71,72; 80; 100; 120; dan 128,28 mL) dan lama waktu ekstraksi (35,16; 60; 120; 180; 204,84 menit). Variabel respons adalah kadar (%) dan yield vanillin (µg g–1). Penelitian optimasi respons kadar vanillin dan yield vanillin dilakukan pada inkubasi 14 hari dengan nilai total soluble phenol (TSP) rata-rata tertinggi 0,101 mg g–1. Kondisi optimal volume etil asetat 109,730 mL dengan waktu ekstraksi 137,302 menit diprediksi menghasilkan kadar dan yield vanillin sebesar 0,0078% dan 8,9089 µg g–1 dengan nilai ketepatan 93,4%. Berdasar hasil verifikasi, konsentrasi dan yield vanillin yang optimal masing-masing adalah 0,0077% dan 8,9805 µg g–1.

scholarly journals Optimization of the bioactive compounds content in raspberry during freeze-drying using response surface method

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Tumbas-Saponjac ◽  
Gordana Cetkovic ◽  
Sladjana Stajcic ◽  
Jelena Vulic ◽  
Jasna Canadanovic-Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Experimental Values

The production of high-quality freeze-dried raspberry was studied by response surface method. Two independent variables, temperature (X1) and time (X2) were determined as the most important factors affecting the final product quality estimated by the responses: total phenol (Y1), total anthocyanin (Y2), vitamin C (Y3) and total bioactive compounds (Y4) content. A two-factor central composite design was used for freeze-drying experiments. The second order polynomial models obtained were found to be significant (p<0.05) for all responses. The statistical analysis of experimental data indicated that only quadratic time variable (X22) had significant (p<0.05) effect on all responses. The optimal conditions for all responses combined were found to be: -31 ?C and 35 h. The experimental values of all responses obtained under optimal conditions were in good agreement with predicted values which enables the use of the proposed mathematical models for optimization of investigated process.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PRODUKSI SENYAWA VANILIN DARI BIOKONVERSI LIGNOSELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Rohmah Rohmah ◽  
Sri Suhartini ◽  
Irnia Nurika
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Surface Method

Limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah hasil produksi minyak sawit yang memiliki kandungan lignoselulosa (lignin, selulosa, hemiselulosa) tinggi, dapat dimanfaatkan untuk produksi senyawa aromatik vanilin dengan menggunakan jamur Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan pelarut etil asetat. Diketahui pelarut etil asetat dan lama ekstraksi berpengaruh terhadap kadar vanilin dan yield vanilin dengan Response Surface Methode (RSM) terdiri dari 4 faktor yang digunakan untuk mengukur sejauh mana faktor-faktor tersebut saling berpengaruh terhadap kadar vanilin. Regresi terdiri dari 13 titik faktorial dengan 6 titik aksial, dan 7 titik tengah melalui softwere Design Expert 7.0.0. Faktor-faktor optimasi digabung untuk mendapatkan nilai optimum untuk menghasilkan kadar dan yield vanilin yang bagus. Hasil penelitian optimasi RSM volume pelarut etil asetat yaitu 100,36 mL dan lama ekstraksi yaitu 120,27 menit yang digunakan dalam penelitian TKKS dengan nilai validasi optimal yang didapatkan yaitu kadar vanilin mendekati hasil prediksi sebesar 0,015% dan yield vanilin sebesar 11,862 µg/g. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan penggunaan bio-pretreatment Phanaerocaete chrysosporium sebagai biokonversi TKKS menghasilkan vanilin dapat menekan biaya besar dan meningkatkan nilai fungsi dari limbah TKKS

scholarly journals Optimasi produksi enzim ligninolitik dari medium limbah produksi Pleurotus ostreatus menggunakan metode respons permukaan (Optimization of ligninolytic enzyme production from Pleurotus ostreatus medium waste production using surface response methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urip PERWITASARI ◽  
Firda DIMAWARNITA ◽  
Shanti RATNAKOMALA
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Surface Method

White rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus has long been produced on a large scale for human consumption. This fungi is known to produce ligninolytic enzymes. The aim of this study was to utilize waste fungal medium from empty fruit bunch oil palm (EFBOP) for production of ligninolytic enzymes. Determination of the optimal conditions in this study used the design of statistical experiments Response Surface Method (RSM) with Design Expert® 10 software. Variables used in this research were EFBOP composition (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 %), part baglog (top, middle, bottom), and time of incubation (1, 2, and 3 month). The highest lignin peroxidase activity was 1.72 U/mL obtained on baglog composition with 50% EFBOP the top past of baglog after 2 months incubation. The highest manganese peroxidase activity was 23.00 U/mL obtained on baglog composition with 100% EFBOP at the bottom of baglog after 3 months incubation and the highest laccase activity was 0.14 U/mL on baglog composition with 100% EFBOP the top past of baglog after 1 month.[Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, ligninolytic enzyme, fungal medium waste, response surface methodology]. AbstrakJamur pelapuk putih Pleurotus ostreatus telah lama diproduksi skala besar untuk dikonsumsi. Jamur ini diketahui mampu menghasilkan enzim ligninolitik. Selama ini medium limbah produksi P. ostreatus belum dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan medium limbah produksi jamur tiram yang berbahan dasar tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) untuk produksi enzim ligninolitik. Penentuan kondisi optimal pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen statistika Metode Respons Permukaan (Response Surface Method (RSM)) dengan software Design Expert® 10. Variabel yang digunakan dalam riset ini adalah konsentrasi TKKS (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 %), bagian baglog (atas, tengah, dan bawah), dan waktu inkubasi (1, 2, dan 3 bulan). Aktivitas lignin peroksidase tertinggi diperoleh pada medium dengan komposisi 50% medium pada bagian atas baglog setelah 2 bulan inkubasi dengan aktivitas sebesar 1,72 U/mL. Aktivitas mangan peroksidase tertinggi diperoleh pada medium komposisi 100% TKKS pada bagian bawah baglog setelah 3 bulan inkubasi sebesar 23,00 U/mL, dan lakase tertinggi pada medium komposisi 100% TKKS pada bagian atas baglog setelah 1 bulan inkubasi, yaitu sebesar 0,14 U/mL.[Kata kunci: Pleurotus ostreatus, enzim ligninolitik, limbah media jamur, Metode Respons Permukaan]

scholarly journals Optimization of AL6061-T6 Tube End Forming Process Using Response Surface Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Amr Shaaban ◽  
Adel M. Elsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Contact Depth ◽  
Roller Diameter ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Welding Processes

Tube end closing is a metal forming process that replaces welding processes while closing tubes ends. It depends on deforming a rotating tube using a roller, and therefore, it is also called tube end spinning. The process involves many parameters like contact depth, roller inclination angle, roller diameter, mandrel curvature, and tube rotational speed. This study develops a finite element model (FE-model) for this process and validates it through experimental results. The numerical and experimental results have shown minor deviation of 1.87%. The FE-model is then employed to carry out a statistical analysis based on the response surface method (RSM). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis have proved the accuracy of the obtained mathematical model. The contact depth has proved to have the most significant effect in the process responses, while the roller diameter has the least effect. Finally, an optimization analysis is carried out to select the finest conditions for the process.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Multi-Response Surface Parameters of the Roving Twist Factor and Spinning Back Zone Draft

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5(137)) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Hong Cui ◽  
Chen Shi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Optimal Scheme ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Twist Factor ◽  
Four Levels

In order to obtain the optimal collocation of two important technological parameters in the spinning process, the multi-response surface method was used to optimise the experimental results. Through the orthogonal design of the two factors and four levels of factor encoding, 16 groups of orthogonal experiments were designed; the experimental results were fit using the curve fitting toolbox of Matlab; a regression equation of yarn quality indicators, and in addition to a three-dimensional surface chart, an optimal scheme of the roving twist factor and spinning drafting for a roving twist factor of 110 were established; a spinning back draft of 1.5 was obtained based on experimental results of the response surface analysis and variance regression analysis. Experiments on the optimal scheme were carried out to verify the practicability of the results obtained by this method. The results show that application of the multiple response surface method to the optimisation of process parameters is of practical significance. This method can be applied for the optimisation of other process parameters.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Sunset Yellow Dye removal by electrocoagulation using response surface method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Afshar Moghaddam ◽  
Kambiz Seyyedi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Effluent Flow Rate

Abstract In recent years, among the various treatment methods, the electrocoagulation process has been used for the treatment of effluents containing various dye pollutants. Sunset yellow (S.Y.) azo dye is one of the common food colors widely used in various food industries. This study investigated the removal of the dye S.Y. from aqueous media by the electrocoagulation method in an electrochemical reactor using concentric iron electrodes. The experiments were designed by the Response Surface Method (RSM) with the help of the Minitab software in such a way that the effect of various process-influencing parameters, such as current density, electrolysis time, electrolyte concentration, pH of the solution, and the effluent flow rate, on the desired pollutant removal efficiency was investigated. According to the results of the process optimization by RSM, the optimal conditions for the process were obtained as follows: pH of 10, current density of 2.65 mA/cm2, electrolysis time of 42.32 min, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and effluent flow rate of 2.5 L/min. Under the above optimal conditions, the efficiency of dye removal was more than 99%.

Optimization of the diffuser in a centrifugal pump by combining response surface method with multi-island genetic algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Shouqi Yuan ◽  
Ji Pei ◽  
Jinfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Vaned Diffuser ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Wrap Angle

The diffuser plays a significant role in the performance of a centrifugal pump, especially for a high-power centrifugal pump. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of a centrifugal pump, optimization of a vaned diffuser is proposed in this work. The steady simulations were carried out by solving the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a shear stress transport turbulence model. The numerical head and efficiency were validated by the experimental results of the original pump, and the results show that the predicted performance of the numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results. Four design variables of the diffuser including the diffuser inlet diameter D3, diffuser inlet width b3, diffuser inlet angle α3, and diffuser wrap angle ϕ2 were selected to design by the CFturbo 9.0. The diffusers under test were selected using the orthogonal experiment method using the orthogonal array L16(44). The effect of the four variables on the pump’s efficiency was investigated by the predicted efficiency of 16 diffusers. A quadratic polynomial fitting function for the variables and efficiency was constructed using the response surface method. The optimal values were obtained by solving the response function with the multi-island genetic algorithm. Through the analysis of the range and quadratic regression, it was found that the diffuser wrap angle has the most significant influence on efficiency. The efficiency of the optimal pump increased by 8.65% compared with the original scheme. The velocity distributions in the diffuser inlet and volute were improved and became more uniform. The total pressure in the diffuser and volute of the optimal pump was higher than that of the original pump.

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