Anaerobic biodegradability of fish remains: experimental investigation and parameter estimation

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Donoso-Bravo ◽  
Francoise Bindels ◽  
Patrick A. Gerin ◽  
Alain Vande Wouwer
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
First Order ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradability ◽  
Sturgeon Species ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
High Level

The generation of organic waste associated with aquaculture fish processing has increased significantly in recent decades. The objective of this study is to evaluate the anaerobic biodegradability of several fish processing fractions, as well as water treatment sludge, for tilapia and sturgeon species cultured in recirculated aquaculture systems. After substrate characterization, the ultimate biodegradability and the hydrolytic rate were estimated by fitting a first-order kinetic model with the biogas production profiles. In general, the first-order model was able to reproduce the biogas profiles properly with a high correlation coefficient. In the case of tilapia, the skin/fin, viscera, head and flesh presented a high level of biodegradability, above 310 mLCH4 gCOD−1, whereas the head and bones showed a low hydrolytic rate. For sturgeon, the results for all fractions were quite similar in terms of both parameters, although viscera presented the lowest values. Both the substrate characterization and the kinetic analysis of the anaerobic degradation may be used as design criteria for implementing anaerobic digestion in a recirculating aquaculture system.

scholarly journals Kinetic Study of Biogas Production from Animal Manure and Organic Waste in Semarang City by Using Anaerobic Digestion Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Fahmi Arifan ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

The biogas fermentation from animal manure and organic waste was investigated with a comparison percentage of raw material used inside the digester with the anaerobic digestion process. Animal manure consists of cow dung and chicken manure, while organic waste consists of tofu liquid waste and cabbage waste. This study used a batch process that was operated at 55 °C incubator temperature for 90 days. The results of experimental data were predicted with a modified Gompertz model and first-order kinetic model. The equation of the modified Gompertz model to predict biogas production was  with  is cumulative production of methane; P∞ = methane production potential; Rm = maximum specific speed methane production; λ = is lag phase period or minimum time to produce biogas; e = math constant (2.7182) and t = biogas production cumulative time. The equation first-order kinetic model was Y = Ym (1-exp(-k). The highest biogas yield was obtained by variable 3 in both kinetic studies compared to 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste. Gompertz's kinetic study predicted variable three would produce 3273.20 mL/g of total solid (TS). In comparison, the first-order kinetic model predicted that variable three would produce 3517.95 mL/(g Ts).

Alkaline electro-hydrolysis pretreatment of rice straw for enhanced biogas production under ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal P. Naik ◽  
Anil K. Poonia ◽  
Parmesh K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
The World ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Abstract Biogas production can supplement the renewable energy target of the world. For this abundantly available agricultural waste like wheat and rice straw can be used. Biogas generation using this waste will curb the stubble burning incidences, reduce greenhouse gases, enhance farmer’s income, and strengthen the energy security of many countries. The recalcitrant nature of rice straw is a barrier to its hydrolysis, which is a prerequisite of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Alkaline, electro-hydrolysis, and a combination of both pretreatment (alkaline electrohydrolysis) methods are undertaken in the present study. Batch reactors at ambient temperature were used for AD of rice straw at different inoculums to substrate ratios (ISR) of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 to observe the effect on biogas/methane yield. Among these, a higher amount of biogas was obtained for ISR of 0.5 in all sets of experiments. The combined pretreatment method yielded biogas of 315.9 mL/gVS (equivalent to methane of 167.4 mL/gVS). For pretreat-ed rice straw by electro-hydrolysis, alkaline, and combined (alkaline and electro-hydrolysis) respectively, the methane yields were 7.03, 18.13, and 49.82% higher than untreated rice straw. The biogas had approximately 53% of methane content. The use of rice straw for biogas production may prove a viable alternative for clean and sustainable energy. In the studies, a first-order kinetic model is found to fit better the experimental results.

scholarly journals The Determination of Anaerobic Biodegradability Rates Livestock Byproducts Using Double First-Order Kinetic Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-548
Author(s):  
Kook-Sik Shin ◽  
Young-man Yoon ◽  
Ha-Il Jung ◽  
Byung-Geun Hyun ◽  
Hyun-Joon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradability ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

scholarly journals Biogas and Methane Potential of Pre-Thermally Disintegrated Bio-Waste

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Sylwia Myszograj
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Kinetics Of

One of the environmental solutions employed in order to achieve circular economy goals is methane fermentation—a technology that is beneficial both for the stabilization and reduction of organic waste and for alternative energy generation. The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the biogas and methane potential of bio-waste which has been pre-thermally disintegrated, and determining the influence of variable process parameters of disintegration on the kinetics of fermentation. A first-order kinetic model was used to describe the fermentation as well as two mathematical models: logistic and Gompertz. It has been found that process parameters such as time (0.5, 1 and 2 h) and temperature (between 55 to 175 °C) have a significant effect on the solubilization efficiency of the bio-waste. The methane fermentation of thermally disintegrated bio-waste showed that the highest biogas potential is characterized by samples treated, respectively, for 0.5 h at 155 °C and for 2 h at 175 °C. The best match for the experimental data of biogas production from disintegrated substrates was demonstrated for the Gompertz model.

Kinetics of bioactive compounds in functional spice Jiangpo during thermal processing

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Dai ◽  
Chenhuan Yu ◽  
Qiaofeng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Jiangpo is an increasingly popular East Asian spice which is made from Mangnolia officinalis bark and ginger juice. Since it induces bioactive compounds decomposition and has influence on final flavor and fragrance, cooking is regarded as the key operation in preparation of Jiangpo. To evaluate the bioactive compounds content changes of Jiangpo during thermal processing, kinetic parameters including reaction order, rate constant, T1/2 and activation energy of bioactive markers namely honokiol, magnolol and curcumin were determined. Cooking was set at temperatures 60, 90 and 120 °C for selected time intervals. Results displayed the thermal kinetic characteristics of the three compounds. Thermal degradation of Honokiol and magnolol both followed first order kinetic model and the loss of curcumin fitted second order. A mathematical model based on the obtained kinetic parameters has also been developed to predict the degradation of honokiol, magnolol and curcumin in non-isothermal state. All the information in this paper could contribute necessary information for optimizing the existing heat processing of Jiangpo.

scholarly journals Municipal Leachate Treatment by Fenton Process: Effect of Some Variable and Kinetics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ahmadian ◽  
Sohyla Reshadat ◽  
Nader Yousefi ◽  
Seyed Hamed Mirhossieni ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Better Than

Due to complex composition of leachate, the comprehensive leachate treatment methods have been not demonstrated. Moreover, the improper management of leachate can lead to many environmental problems. The aim of this study was application of Fenton process for decreasing the major pollutants of landfill leachate on Kermanshah city. The leachate was collected from Kermanshah landfill site and treated by Fenton process. The effect of various parameters including solution pH, Fe2+and H2O2dosage, Fe2+/H2O2molar ratio, and reaction time was investigated. The result showed that with increasing Fe2+and H2O2dosage, Fe2+/H2O2molar ratio, and reaction time, the COD, TOC, TSS, and color removal increased. The maximum COD, TOC, TSS, and color removal were obtained at low pH (pH: 3). The kinetic data were analyzed in term of zero-order, first-order, and second-order expressions. First-order kinetic model described the removal of COD, TOC, TSS, and color from leachate better than two other kinetic models. In spite of extremely difficulty of leachate treatment, the previous results seem rather encouraging on the application of Fenton’s oxidation.

Performance of poly-o-phenylenediamine and its carbon dot composite electrode in the removal of Cu2+ from its aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
pp. 2151037
Author(s):  
Yu Meng ◽  
Qing Zhong ◽  
Arzugul Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Carbon Dot ◽  
First Order ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Optimal Ph

Because −NH2 and −NH− in poly-[Formula: see text]-phenylenediamine (P[Formula: see text]PD) can interact strongly with the empty orbitals of Cu to show unique electrochemical activity, P[Formula: see text]PD is suitable for the removal of Cu[Formula: see text] by electrochemical oxidation–reduction process. In this study, with P[Formula: see text]PD and its carbon dot composite (CDs/P[Formula: see text]PD) as working electrodes, the electrochemical reduction and removal of Cu[Formula: see text] in the aqueous solution were carried out with the potentiostatic method. According to effects of voltage, pH of the solution, initial concentration of Cu[Formula: see text], and electrochemical reduction time on the Cu[Formula: see text] removal, the Cu[Formula: see text] removal ratios of P[Formula: see text]PD and CDs/P[Formula: see text]PD were up to 64.69% and 73.34%, respectively, at −0.2 V and the optimal pH. Additionally, results showed that these processes were in line with the quasi-first order kinetic model. Both P[Formula: see text]PD and CDs/P[Formula: see text]PD showed good reproducibility in six cycles. After five times of repeated usage, the regeneration efficiencies of P[Formula: see text]PD and CDs/P[Formula: see text]PD dropped to 77.04% and 79.36%, respectively.

scholarly journals Enhanced photocatalytic activity of wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on carbon fabric and FTO substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jian Gu ◽  
Mengqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
First Order ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Degradation Rate Constant ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo First Order

The wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on carbon fabric (TiO2-CF) and FTO substrates (TiO2-FTO) have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method in alkali environment, using commercial TiO2 (P25) as precursors. The XRD results indicate that the as-prepared TiO2 have good crystallinity. And the SEM images show that the wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres with a diameter of 2-3 μm are composed of TiO2 nanowires, which have a diameter of ~50 nm. The photocatalytic behavior of the wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres, TiO2-CF and TiO2-FTO under ultraviolet light was investigated by a pseudo first-order kinetic model, using methyl orange (MO) as pollutant. The wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres obtained a degradation rate constant (Kap) of 6.91×10-3 min-1 . The Kap values of TiO2-FTO and TiO2-CF reach 13.97×10-3 min-1 and 11.80×10-3 min-1, which are 2.0 and 1.7 times higher than that of pristine wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres due to the “sum effect” between TiO2 and substrates. This study offers a facile hydrothermal method to prepare wool-ball-like TiO2 microspheres on CF and FTO substrates, which will improve the recyclability of phtocatalysts and can be extended to other fields.

APPLICATION OF CVD DIAMOND FILMS FOR UV THERMOLUMINESCENCE DOSIMETER

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. AHN ◽  
B. GAN ◽  
Q. ZHANG ◽  
S. F. YOON ◽  
V. LIGATCHEV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Glow Curve ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Trap Activation

This study presents the investigation of CVD diamond for the application of an UV TL dosimeter. A 9-μm-thick film used in this study presents a TL glow curve with a well-defined first-order kinetic peak (at about 273 K), which norm ally presents in the glow curve from ionizing radiations, is not observed. By fitting the glow curve to a first-order kinetic model, the trap activation energy E t = 0.95 eV and frequency factor s = 5.6 x 106 s -1 have been resolved.

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