Further contributions to nitrogen removal modelling in waste stabilization ponds

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1897-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
V. A. L. Cabral ◽  
E. N. Rios ◽  
M. P. M. Combatt
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Large Database ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Waste Stabilization

A large database from an experimental maturation pond system in Brazil was used to verify the agreement of field results with values predicted by some of the most widely accepted models to describe ammonium and total nitrogen (TN) removal in facultative and maturation ponds. The same database was used to derive a pH-independent linear model to predict ammonium removal in ponds, which was proved to be, essentially, a function of ammonium surface loading rate. In general, all these models made reasonable predictions of ammonium or TN removal but tended to overestimate low ammonium effluent concentrations while underestimating higher values of field data.

Nitrogen removal via ammonia volatilization in maturation ponds

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Camargo Valero ◽  
D.D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Waste Stabilization

A simple apparatus was designed to collect ammonia gas coming out from waste stabilization ponds (WSP). The apparatus has a capture chamber and an absorption system, which were optimized under laboratory conditions prior to being used to assess ammonia volatilization rates in a pilot-scale maturation pond during summer 2005. Under laboratory conditions (water temperature = 17.1 °C and pH = 10.1), the average ammonia volatilization rate was 2,517 g NH3-N/ha d and the apparatus absorbed 79% of volatilized ammonia. On site, the mean ammonia volatilization rate was 15 g N/ha d, which corresponds to 3% of the total nitrogen removed (531 g N/ha d) in the maturation pond studied. A net nitrogen mass balance showed that ammonia volatilization was not the most important mechanism involved in either total nitrogen or ammonia removal. Nitrogen fractions (suspended organic nitrogen, soluble organic nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate) from the M1 influent and effluent showed that ammonia is removed by biological (mainly algal) uptake and total nitrogen removal by sedimentation of dead algal biomass.

The potential for water hyacinth to improve the quality of Bogota River water in the Muña Reservoir: comparison with the performance of waste stabilization ponds

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Giraldo ◽  
A. Garzón
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Almost All

The potential application of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in organic matter degradation, sedimentation, nutrient and heavy metal absorption and sulfur reduction in the Muña Reservoir has been tested in experimental lagoons. The lagoons were operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 6, 9 and 15 days. One lagoon was covered with Water Hyacinth, which is naturally growing in the Muña Reservoir, while another lagoon was operated as a conventional oxidation pond. The Water Hyacinth lagoon had better removal efficiencies for almost all parameters measured: BOD5, total suspended solids, COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals. The oxidation lagoon was facultative for HRT of 9 and 15 days, and anoxic when operated at 6 days HRT. At HRT of 15 days the water quality in the effluent of the covered lagoon corresponded to 12 mg/l of BOD, 6 mg/l of suspended solids and 0.8 mg/l of hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide levels in the Muña reservoir can be substantially reduced at HRT higher than 15 days in both lagoons. The uncovered lagoon had better hydrogen sulfide removal during the day but presents high levels at night. If the hydraulic retention time in the Muña reservoir is increased, the water quality of the Bogota river can be substantially improved for all the HRTs tested in the pilot units. HRT seems to give a better prediction of overall effluent water quality than surface loading. More research is needed in order to define the optimum water hyacinth density in the Muña reservoir to determine its influence on the water quality of the effluent. The influence is expected to be negative due to an internal increase of BOD, solids, nutrients and metals loads due to plant decay.

A membrane bioreactor for an innovative biological nitrogen removal process

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Chen ◽  
F. Y. Sun ◽  
X. M. Wang ◽  
X. Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

A hybrid system has been developed for biological nitrogen removal through nitrification-denitrification. The system includes an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank with an intermediate sludge settler connected to a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a submerged 0.4 μm hollow-fiber membrane module. The laboratory system has a total working volume of 6.5 L treating a glucose-based synthetic wastewater. The experimental results demonstrate that the new process is highly effective for simultaneous organic and nitrogen removal. During the stationary operation, a sludge SS (suspended solids) concentration of 6 g/L or higher can be maintained in the reactors. The system has a COD (chemical oxygen demand) loading rate of up to 2,100 mg/L-d and a total nitrogen loading rate of up to 170 mg N/L-d. More than 95% COD can be degraded, and the total nitrogen removal efficiency can be 90% or higher as the nitrogen is reduced from 100 to around 7.5 mg/L. A high quality effluent is produced with a SS of less than 1 mg/L. With the MBR, organic degradation, nitrogen removal and sludge-liquid separation can be well achieved within a short HRT of about 10 hr.

Nitrogen removal in attached growth waste stabilization ponds of wastewater from a rubber factory

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
A. Rakkoed ◽  
S. Danteravanich ◽  
U. Puetpaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Laboratory Waste

Nitrogen removal from wastewater from rubber factories using attached-growth waste stabilization ponds (AGWSP) was evaluated. Usually, wastewaters generated from rubber factories such as concentrated latex factories and rubber sheet factories contain a high amount of nitrogen originating from natural rubber and ammonia compounds added in the production processes. From an investigation of 3 rubber factories at Songkhla, Thailand, average concentrations of TKN, NH3-N and Org-N in raw factory wastewater were found to be 889, 578 and 311 mg/l respectively. Two series of laboratory waste treatment ponds, waste stabilization ponds (WSP) and attached-growth waste stabilization ponds were investigated to compare the efficiency of nitrogen removal from wastewater from a concentrated latex factory. The wastewater fed to the experimental units was collected from the effluent of the anaerobic treatment pond at the factory. The experiments were conducted with hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 40 and 20 days. Another experiment run with an HRT of 40 days together with 50% recirculating of effluent was also conducted. Finally, an experiment run at an HRT of 4 days was carried out in order to observe the effect of shock loading. The results revealed that TKN, NH3-N and BOD5 removal efficiencies in AGWSP were higher than in control ponds (WSP). Increased removal efficiencies were achieved which resulted from an increase in biomass on media in the pond water.

Nitrogen removal in baffled waste stabilization ponds

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Muttamara ◽  
U. Puetpaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Waste Stabilization

This study evaluated nitrogen removal in Baffled Waste Stabilization Ponds (BWSPs) comprising laboratory and pilot-scale ponds with different number of baffles. The aim was to promote the waste stabilization pond practice for wastewater treatment in tropical countries by increasing nitrogen and organic carbon removal efficiency or reducing the land area requirement through the use of baffles which increased the biofilm biomass concentrations. The experiments started with a tracer study to find out the hydraulic characteristics of each pond. It was shown that the dispersion number decreased with increasing flow length and number of baffles which indicated more plug flow conditions. The deviation of actual HRT from theoretical HRT was computed and the flow pattern suggested the existence of an optimum spacing of baffles in BWSP units. The investigations further revealed that more than 65% TN and 90% NH3-N removal efficiencies were achieved at HRT of 5 days in a 6 baffled pond, which corresponds to the specific area of 34.88 m2m3. TN and NH3-N removal increased with increasing number of baffles in the BWSP units. Combined algal/bacterial biofilm grown on the baffles immersed in the ponds showed potential for increasing the extent of nitrification. COD removal increased with higher number of baffles with its maximum removal efficiency at 6 baffles. Compared with normal WSP, BWSP gave higher TN, NH3-N, COD and BOD5 removal efficiency. The effluent SS concentrations from the laboratory-scale 6 baffled pond were less than 20 mg/L at HRT of 3 days or more.

scholarly journals Further contributions to the understanding of nitrogen removal in waste stabilization ponds

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 2635-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
E. N. Rios ◽  
I. A. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Abstract A set of experiments were conducted in Brazil in a pilot-scale waste stabilization pond (WSP) system (a four-maturation-pond series) treating an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor effluent. Over a year and a half the pond series was monitored under two flow rate conditions, hence also different hydraulic retention times and surface loading rates. On-site and laboratory trials were carried out to assess: (i) ammonia losses by volatilization using acrylic capture chambers placed at the surface of the ponds; (ii) organic nitrogen sedimentation rates using metal buckets placed at the bottom of the ponds for collecting settled particulate matter; (iii) nitrogen removal by algal uptake based on the nitrogen content of the suspended particulate matter in samples from the ponds' water column. In addition, nitrification and denitrification rates were measured in laboratory-based experiments using pond water and sediment samples. The pond system achieved high nitrogen removal (69% total nitrogen and 92% ammonia removal). The average total nitrogen removal rates varied from 10,098 to 3,849 g N/ha·d in the first and the last ponds, respectively, with the following fractions associated with the various removal pathways: (i) 23.5–45.6% sedimentation of organic nitrogen; (ii) 13.1–27.8% algal uptake; (iii) 1.2–3.1% ammonia volatilization; and (iv) 0.15–0.34% nitrification-denitrification.

scholarly journals Stuydy on sequencing batch moving bed membrane bioreactor technology (SBMBMBR) for the removal of organic and total nitrogen in tannery wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Linh Van Tran ◽  
Phuoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency

The SBMBMBR technology (sequencing batch moving bed membrane bioreactor), a combiantion of membrane filtration MF process in activated sludge with sequencing batch (SBR) moving bed using Anox Kaldnes K2 (MBBR), has been studied for the removal of organic and total nitrogen in tannery wastewater. After 170 days, reasearch results showed that the COD removal efficiency was ranged from 89,2±0,6 to 95,9±0,3% when the organic loading rate changed from 0,564±0,019 to 1.207±99 kgCOD/m3/day. The total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 30,0±4,9 to 65,9±13,3. The highest COD removal efficiency was 0,72±0,02 kgCOD/m3/day. The lowest nitrogen removal efficiency was 10,8±5,4% at 0,327±0,020 kgTN/m3/day of nitrogen loading rate. During the research, the adhensional tension of microorganism was insignificant. The biomass remained unchanged with 6.808±226 mg/L of Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS). When the salinity went up from 3.500 to 8.000 mgCl/l, the COD and nitrogen removal efficiency decreased. However, the conversion of nitrogen was improved and the recovery of biomass following the changed loading rate was quite fast.

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