Feasibility tests for treating shampoo and hair colorant wastewaters using anaerobic processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaikh Z. Ahammad ◽  
A. Yakubu ◽  
J. Dolfing ◽  
C. Mota ◽  
D. W. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Anaerobic Processes ◽  
Personal Care Product ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Wastes from the personal care product (PCP) industry are often high in biodegradable carbon, which makes them amenable to aerobic biological treatment, although process costs are usually high due to aeration inefficiencies, high electricity demand and production of large amounts of sludge. As such, anaerobic treatment technologies are being considered to lower net energy costs by reducing air use and increasing methane production. To assess the amenability of PCP wastes to anaerobic treatment, methane yields and rates were quantified in different anaerobic reactors treating typical PCP wastes, including wastes from shampoo and hair colorant products. Overall, shampoo wastes were more amenable to methanogenesis with almost double the methane yields compared with colour wastes. To assess relevant microbial guilds, qPCR was performed on reactor biomass samples. Methanosaetaceae abundances were always significantly higher than Methanosarcinaceae and Methanomicrobiales abundances (P < 0.05), and did not differ significantly between waste types. Although colour wastes were less amenable to anaerobic treatment than shampoo wastes, differences cannot be explained by relative microbial abundances and probably result from the presence of inhibiting compounds in hair colorants (e.g., oxidants) at higher levels. Results showed that anaerobic technologies have great potential for treating PCP wastes, but additional work is needed to establish the basis of elevated methane yields and inhibition, especially when colorant wastes are present.

Effects of mixing on anaerobic treatment of potato-processing wastewater

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Lin ◽  
M. E. J. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Mixing Effects ◽  
Mixing Intensity ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Steady State Performance

Four laboratory-scale reactors were used to study the effects of mixing intensity and mixing duration on the anaerobic treatment of potato-processing wastewater at 20 °C. The mixing intensities were set at impeller speeds of 0, 20, 50, and 100 rpm. Two mixing durations were studied: 45 and 15 min/h. It was found that both mixing intensities and mixing durations studied and their joint effect significantly affected the steady-state performance of the anaerobic reactors in treating the potato-processing wastewater with respect to organics and solids removals and methane production. Key words: mixing effects, anaerobic treatment, potato-processing wastewater, organics and solids removal, methane production.

Vacuum Operation for Overloaded Anaerobic Treatment Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
J. De Santis ◽  
A. A. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
High Concentrations

Overloaded anaerobic treatment systems are characterized by high concentrations of volatile fatty acids and molecular hydrogen and poor conversion of primary substrates to methane. Previous experiments with fixed–film reactors indicated that operation with reduced headspace pressures enhanced anaerobic treatment. For these studies, four suspended culture, anaerobic reactors were operated with headspace pressures maintained between 0.5 and 1.0 atm and a solids retention time of 15 days. For lightly loaded systems (0.4 g SCOD/g VSS-day) vacuum operation provided minor treatment improvements. For shock organic loads, vacuum operation proved to be more stable and to support quicker recovery from upset conditions. Based on these studies and a companion set of bioassay tests, it was concluded that: (a) a loading rate of about 1.0 g SCOD/g VSS-day represents a practical loading limit for successful anaerobic treatment, (b) a headspace pressure of approximately 0.75 atm appears to be an optimum operating pressure for anaerobic systems and (c) simple modification to existing systems may provide relief for organically overloaded systems.

Use of chemical upgrading (CU) in Hungary and Slovakia

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Murcott ◽  
Donald R. F. Harleman
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment Technologies

In the past decade, the development of polymers and new chemical technologies has opened the way to using low doses of chemicals in wastewater treatment. “Chemical upgrading” (CU) is defined in this paper as an application of these chemical technologies to upgrade overloaded treatment systems (typically consisting of conventional primary plus biological treatment) in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Although some of the chemical treatment technologies are proven ones in North America, Scandinavia, and Germany, a host of factors, for example, the variations in composition and degree of pollution, the type of technologies in use, the type and mix of industrial and domestic sewage, and the amount of surface water, had meant that the viability of using CU in CEE countries was unknown. This report describes the first jar tests of CU conducted during the summer of 1993. The experiments show CU's ability to improve wastewater treatment plant performance and to potentially assist in the significant problem of overloaded treatment plants. Increased removal of BOD, TSS, and P in the primary stage of treatment is obtained at overflow rates above 1.5 m/h, using reasonably priced, local sources of metal salts in concentrations of 25 to 50 mg/l without polymers.

Anaerobic treatment of soil wash fluids from a wood preserving site

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Miller ◽  
M. T. Suidan ◽  
G. A. Sorial ◽  
A. P. Khodadoust ◽  
C. M. Acheson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Washing ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Solvent Washing

An integrated system has been developed to remediate soils contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This system involves the coupling of two treatment technologies, soil solvent washing and anaerobic biotreatment of the extract. Specifically, this study evaluated the effectiveness of the granular activated carbon (GAC) fluidized-bed reactor to treat a synthetic waste stream of PCP and four PAHs (naphthalene, acenaphthene, pyrene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene) under anaerobic conditions. This waste stream was intended to simulate the wash fluids from a soil washing process treating soils from a wood preserving site. The reactor achieved a removal efficiency of greater than 99.8% for PCP with conversion to its dechlorination intermediates ranging from 47% to 77%. Effluent, carbon extraction, and isotherm data also indicate that naphthalene and acenaphthene were removed from the liquid phase with efficiencies of 86% and 93%, respectively. Effluent levels of pyrene and benzo(b)fluoranthene were extremely low due to the adsorptive capacity of GAC for these compounds. Experimental evidence does not suggest that these compounds were chemically transformed within the reactor.

Biotransformation of nitrocellulose under methanogenic conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Freedman ◽  
Bryan M. Caenepeel ◽  
Byung J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Nitrate Ester ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Treatment of wastewater containing nitrocellulose (NC) fines is a significant hazardous waste problem currently facing manufacturers of energetic compounds. Previous studies have ruled out the use of biological treatment, since NC has appeared to be resistant to aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation. The objective of this study was to examine NC biotransformation in a mixed methanogenic enrichment culture. A modified cold-acid digestion technique was used to measure the percentage of oxidized nitrogen (N) remaining on the NC. After 11 days of incubation in cultures amended with NC (10 g/L) and methanol (9.9 mM), the % N (w/w) on the NC decreased from 13.3% to 10.1%. The presence of NC also caused a 16% reduction in methane output. Assuming the nitrate ester on NC was reduced to N2, the decrease in CH4 represented almost exactly the amount of reducing equivalents needed for the observed decrease in oxidized N. An increase in the heat of combustion of the transformed NC correlated with the decrease in % N. There was no statistically significant decrease in % N when only NC was added to the culture, or in controls that contained only the sulfide-reduced basal medium. The biotransformed NC has a % N comparable to nonexplosive nitrated celluloses, suggesting that anaerobic treatment may be a technically feasible process for rendering NC nonhazardous.

Degradation of personal care product 2-chloropyrine detected in surface water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Karale ◽  
Yashwant Patil ◽  
Shrikant Jahagirdar ◽  
Vinayak Patki ◽  
Girish Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Personal Care Product ◽  
Care Product

Advances in high rate anaerobic treatment: staging of reactor systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. van Lier ◽  
F.P. van der Zee ◽  
N.C.G. Tan ◽  
S. Rebac ◽  
R. Kleerebezem
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Solids Retention

Anaerobic wastewater treatment (AnWT) is considered as the most cost-effective solution for organically polluted industrial waste streams. Particularly the development of high-rate systems, in which hydraulic retention times are uncoupled from solids retention times, has led to a world-wide acceptance of AnWT. In the last decade up to the present, the application potentials of AnWT are further explored. Research shows the feasibility of anaerobic reactors under extreme conditions, such as low and high temperatures. Also toxic and/or recalcitrant wastewaters, that were previously believed not to be suitable for anaerobic processes, are now effectively treated. The recent advances are made possible by adapting the conventional anaerobic high-rate concept to the more extreme conditions. Staged anaerobic reactor concepts show advantages under non-optimal temperature conditions as well as during the treatment of chemical wastewater. In other situations, a staged anaerobic - aerobic approach is required for biodegradation of specific pollutants, e.g. the removal of dyes from textile processing wastewaters. The current paper illustrates the benefits of reactor staging and the yet un-exploited potentials of high-rate AnWT.

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