The use of a rotating cylinder electrode to recover zinc from rinse water generated by the electroplating industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1406-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sairi Matlalcuatzi ◽  
José L. Nava
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Ferric Ions ◽  
Zinc Recovery ◽  
Rotating Cylinder Electrode ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
J 13 ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Rinse Water

This work concerns the application of a laboratory scale rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) to recover zinc from rinse water generated by the electrolytic zinc process (initially 1,300, 4,400, 50, 20 mg L−1 of Zn(II), Fe(III), Ag(I) and Cr(VI), respectively, at pH 2), although it is also applicable to other electroplating industries. Experimental results demonstrated the convenience of the removal of ferric ions, as (Fe(OH)3(s)) by a pH adjustment to 4, before zinc electro recovery on the RCE. The generation of smooth zinc deposits on the RCE was obtained at Reynolds numbers within the range of 15,000 ≤ Re ≤ 124,000 and limiting current densities (JL) in the interval of −4.8 to −13 mA cm−2. The zinc recovery reached a conversion of 67% in 90 min of electrolysis for Re = 124,000 and J = −13 mA cm−2, 21% current efficiency, and energy consumption of 9.5 kWh m−3. The treated solution can be recycled back through the same rinsing process.

scholarly journals The Effect of Surface Roughness on Diffusion and Chemical Reaction Controlled Limiting Currents on a Rotating Cylinder Electrode in Deaerated Solutions with and Without CO2

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2552 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 971-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al-Khateeb ◽  
R. Barker ◽  
A. Neville ◽  
H.M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Sherwood Number ◽  
Schmidt Number ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Rotating Cylinder Electrode ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The influence of surface roughness on mass transfer on a rotating cylinder electrode apparatus is investigated experimentally for a roughness pattern consisting of grooves parallel to the direction of fluid flow. Mass transfer from four different samples, with roughness values of 0.5 μm, 6 μm, 20 μm, and 34 μm, is measured using the limiting current technique for a range of rotational speeds in NaCl solutions saturated with N2 at pH = 3 and 4. Comparison with available correlations for the Sherwood number in literature (which are independent of surface roughness and are either for specific or arbitrary roughness patterns) shows that H+ mass transfer only correlates well for particular levels of roughness and that their accuracy can be increased if a correlation is utilized which is a function of surface roughening. A new correlation for Sherwood number as a function of the Reynolds number, Schmidt number, and surface roughness is proposed which agrees well with the mass transfer observed from all of the rough surface cases considered for this particular roughness pattern. Complementary experiments in CO2 environments were used to assess the combined limiting current associated with H+ and H2CO3 reduction (with the latter occurring via the buffering effect and being associated with the slow CO2 hydration step). Although the increase in sample roughness clearly leads to an increase in the rate of H+ mass transfer, in the CO2 environments considered, surface roughness is found to have no significant influence on the limiting current contribution from H2CO3, which can therefore be determined from Vetter’s equation across this range of operating conditions.

The Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) and its Application to the Electrodeposition of Metals

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. John Low ◽  
Carlos Ponce de Leon ◽  
Frank C. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Cathode Current Density ◽  
Vitreous Carbon ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Rotating Cylinder Electrode ◽  
Expanded Metal ◽  
Cathode Current ◽  
Uniform Current ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Metals

The application of rotating cylinder electrodes (RCEs) to electrodeposition has progressed significantly over the last decade. New tools for theoretical and experimental investigations have been developed in academia and in industry, with some RCE devices being commercially developed. This paper reviews the continued application of RCEs to quantitative electrodeposition studies of single metals, alloys, and composite, multilayered, and nanostructured electrodeposits with a constant or controlled range of current densities along the RCE under turbulent flow conditions. Rotating cylinder electrode electrochemical reactors, enhanced mass transport, rotating cylinder Hull cell, and uniform and non-uniform current and potential distributions are considered. The applications of ultrasound, porous reticulated vitreous carbon cathodes, expanded metal/baffles, and jet flow around the RCE are also included. The effects of electrolyte flow and cathode current density on electrodeposition have been rationalized. Directions for future RCE studies are proposed.

Compact and efficient gas diffusion electrodes based on nanoporous alumina membranes for microfuel cells and gas sensors

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda V. Fernandez ◽  
Rocío T. Tosello ◽  
José L. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Gas Diffusion Electrodes ◽  
Nanoporous Alumina ◽  
Alumina Membranes ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Microfuel Cells

Gas diffusion electrodes based on nanoporous alumina membranes electrocatalyze hydrogen oxidation at high diffusion-limiting current densities with fast response times.

Modeling and Simulation of a Rotating Cylinder Electrode Reactor for Metal Recovering

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Granados ◽  
Fernando F. Rivera ◽  
Ignacio Gonzalez ◽  
Eligio P. Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Rotating Cylinder ◽  
Rotating Cylinder Electrode
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