Operation of a full-scale pumped flow biofilm reactor (PFBR) under two aeration regimes

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O'Reilly ◽  
M. Rodgers ◽  
E. Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Average Energy Consumption ◽  
L 14

A novel technology suitable for centralised and decentralised wastewater treatment has been developed, extensively tested at laboratory-scale, and trialled at a number of sites for populations ranging from 15 to 400 population equivalents (PE). The two-reactor-tank pumped flow biofilm reactor (PFBR) is characterised by: (i) its simple construction; (ii) its ease of operation and maintenance; (iii) low operating costs; (iv) low sludge production; and (v) comprising no moving parts or compressors, other than hydraulic pumps. By operating the system in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) mode, the following treatment can be achieved: 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) reduction; nitrification and denitrification. During a 100-day full-scale plant study treating municipal wastewater and operating at 165 PE and 200 PE (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively), maximum average removals of 94% BOD5, 86% TSS and 80% ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) were achieved. During the latter part of Experiment 2, effluent concentrations averaged: 14 mg BOD5/l; 32 mg CODfiltered/l; 14 mg TSS/l; 4.4 mg NH4-N/l; and 4.0 mg NO3-N/l (nitrate-nitrogen). The average energy consumption was 0.46–0.63 kWh/m3treated or 1.25–1.76 kWh/kg BOD5 removed. No maintenance was required during these experiments. The PFBR technology offers a low energy, minimal maintenance technology for the treatment of municipal wastewater.

scholarly journals Improving and upgrading an existing activated sludge with a compact MBBR – disc filters parallel line for municipal wastewater treatment in touristic alpine areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-527
Author(s):  
L. Desa ◽  
P. Kängsepp ◽  
L. Quadri ◽  
G. Bellotti ◽  
K. Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Parallel Line ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Yearly Average

Abstract Many wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in touristic areas struggle to achieve the effluent requirements due to seasonal variations in population. In alpine areas, the climate also determines a low wastewater temperature, which implies long sludge retention time (SRT) needed for the growth of nitrifying biomass in conventional activated sludge (CAS). Moreover, combined sewers generate high flow and dilution. The present study shows how the treatment efficiency of an existing CAS plant with tertiary treatment can be upgraded by adding a compact line in parallel, consisting of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)-coagulation-flocculation-disc filtration. This allows the treatment of influent variations in the MBBR and a constant flow supply to the activated sludge. The performance of the new 2-step process was comparable to that of the improved existing one. Regardless significant variations in flow (10,000–25,000 m3/d) and total suspended solids (TSS) (50–300 mg/L after primary treatment) the effluent quality fulfilled the discharge requirements. Based on yearly average effluent data, TSS were 11 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 27 mg/L and total phosphorus (TP) 0.8 mg/L. After the upgrade, ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) dropped from 4.9 mg/L to 1.3 mg/L and the chemical consumption for phosphorus removal was reduced.

Pumped flow biofilm reactors (PFBR) for treating municipal wastewater

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1857-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O'Reilly ◽  
M. Rodgers ◽  
X.-M. Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bench Scale

A novel laboratory bench-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) system was developed for the treatment of synthetic domestic strength wastewater, comprising two side-by-side 18 l reactor tanks, each containing a plastic biofilm media module. Aerobic and anoxic conditions in the biofilms were effected by intermittent alternate pumping of wastewater between the two reactors. With a media surface area loading rate of 4.2 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m2.d, the average influent COD, total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) concentrations of 1021 mg/l, 97 mg/l and 54 mg/l, respectively, reduced to average effluent concentrations of 72 mg COD/l, 17.8 mg TN/l, and 5.5 mg NH4-N /l. Using a similar alternating biofilm exposure arrangement, a 16 person equivalent pilot (PE) plant was constructed at a local village treatment works to remove organic carbon from highly variable settled municipal wastewater and comprised two reactors, one positioned above the other, each containing a module of cross-flow plastic media with a surface area of 100 m2. Two different pumping sequences (PS) in the aerobic phase were examined where the average influent COD concentrations were 220 and 237 mg/l for PS1 and PS2, respectively, and the final average effluent COD was consistently less than 125 mg/l – the European Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive limit – with the best performance occurring in PS1. Nitrification was evident during both PS1 and PS2 studies. A 300 PE package treatment plant was designed based on the bench-scale and pilot-scale studies, located at a local wastewater treatment works and treated municipal influent with average COD, suspended solids (SS) and TN concentrations of 295, 183 and 15 mg/l, respectively resulting in average effluent concentrations of 67 mg COD/l, 17 mg SS/l and 9 mg TN/l. The SBBR systems performed well, and were simple to construct and operate.

Novel biofilm reactor for denitrification of municipal wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1566-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rathnaweera ◽  
B. Rusten ◽  
K. Korczyk ◽  
B. Helland ◽  
E. Rismyhr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Good Filter ◽  
Solids Removal

Abstract A pilot-scale CFIC® (continuous flow intermittent cleaning) reactor was run in anoxic conditions to study denitrification of wastewater. The CFIC process has already proven its capabilities for biological oxygen demand removal with a small footprint, less energy consumption and low cost. The present study focused on the applicability for denitrification. Both pre-denitrification (pre-DN) and post-denitrification (post-DN) were tested. A mixture of primary treated wastewater and nitrified wastewater was used for pre-DN and nitrified wastewater with ethanol as a carbon source was used for post-DN. The pre-DN process was carbon limited and removal rates of only 0.16 to 0.74 g NOx-N/m²-d were obtained. With post-DN and an external carbon source, 0.68 to 2.2 g NO3-Neq/m²-d removal rates were obtained. The carrier bed functioned as a good filter for both the larger particles coming with influent water and the bio-solids produced in the reactor. Total suspended solids removal in the reactor varied from 20% to 78% (average 45%) during post-DN testing period and 9% to 70% (average 29%) for pre-DN. The results showed that the forward flow washing improves both the DN function and filtration ability of the reactor.

Comparison of Luffa Cylindrical Sponge and Plastic Sponge as Carriers in Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor for Sewage Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2431-2438
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang Wang ◽  
Shang Hua Zhang ◽  
Chang Qing Pang ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Luffa cylindrical sponge and plastic sponge were used as carriers in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for sewage treatment in this paper. The removals of suspended solid (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N in sewage were studied. The average removal efficiencies of SS, COD and NH3-N with luffa cylindrical sponge were 96%, 89% and 90%, respectively, while these with plastic sponge were 94%, 83% and 80%, respectively. As a natural, cheap and environment friendly biocarrier, luffa cylindrical sponge was easy to get a biofilm with enriched microbes during the first few days of sewage treatment. It was much more suitable as a carrier than the plastic sponge for SBBR.

Effect of selective organic fractions on denitrification rates using Salsnes Filter as primary treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1942-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Razafimanantsoa ◽  
L. Ydstebø ◽  
T. Bilstad ◽  
A. K. Sahu ◽  
B. Rusten
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Removal Processes

The purpose of this project was to investigate the effect of selective particle removal during primary treatment on downstream biological nutrient removal processes. Bench-scale Salsnes Filter fine mesh sieves were used as a primary treatment to obtain different organic fractions to test the effect on denitrification. Activated sludge and moving bed biofilm reactor anoxic tests were performed on municipal wastewater collected from two full-scale wastewater treatment plants located around the Oslo region (Norway). About 43% of the suspended solids in the wastewater was less than 18 μm, and 14% was between 18 and 150 μm. The effect of particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal on denitrification rates was very minor.

The impact of influent total ammonium nitrogen concentration on nitrite-oxidizing bacteria inhibition in moving bed biofilm reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Kouba ◽  
Michael Catrysse ◽  
Hana Stryjova ◽  
Ivana Jonatova ◽  
Eveline I. P. Volcke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Total Ammonium ◽  
The Impact

The application of nitrification–denitrification over nitrite (nitritation–denitritation) with municipal (i.e. diluted and cold (or low-temperature)) wastewater can substantially improve the energy balance of municipal wastewater treatment plants. For the accumulation of nitrite, it is crucial to inhibit nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) with simultaneous proliferation of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The present study describes the effect of the influent total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) concentration on AOB and NOB activity in two moving bed biofilm reactors operated as sequencing batch reactors (SBR) at 15 °C (SBR I) and 21 °C (SBR II). The reactors were fed with diluted reject water containing 600, 300, 150 and 75 mg TAN L−1. The only factor limiting NOB activity in these reactors was the high concentrations of free ammonia and/or free nitrous acid (FNA) during the SBR cycles. Nitrite accumulation was observed with influents containing 600, 300 and 150 mg TAN L−1 in SBR I and 600 and 300 in SBR II. Once nitrate production established in the reactors, the increase of influent TAN concentration up to the original 600 mg TAN L−1 did not limit NOB activity. This was due to the massive development of NOB clusters throughout the biofilm that were able to cope with faster formation of FNA. The results of the fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis preliminarily showed the stratification of bacteria in the biofilm.

Successful treatment of high azo dye concentration wastewater using combined anaerobic/aerobic granular activated carbon-sequencing batch biofilm reactor (GAC-SBBR): simultaneous adsorption and biodegradation processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1816-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hosseini Koupaie ◽  
M. R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽  
S. H. Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

The application of a granular activated carbon-sequencing batch biofilm reactor (GAC-SBBR) for treatment of wastewater containing 1,000 mg/L Acid Red 18 (AR18) was investigated in this research. The treatment system consisted of a sequencing batch reactor equipped with moving GAC as biofilm support. Each treatment cycle consisted of two successive anaerobic (14 h) and aerobic (8 h) reaction phases. Removal of more than 91% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 97% AR18 was achieved in this study. Investigation of dye decolorization kinetics showed that the dye removal was stimulated by the adsorption capacity of the GAC at the beginning of the anaerobic phase and then progressed following a first-order reaction. Based on COD analysis results, at least 77.8% of the dye total metabolites were mineralized during the applied treatment system. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that more than 97% of 1-naphthyalamine-4-sulfonate as one of the main sulfonated aromatic constituents of AR18 was removed during the aerobic reaction phase. According to the scanning electron microscopic analysis, the microbial biofilms grew in most cavities and pores of the GAC, but not on the external surfaces of the GAC.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal from wastewater in an anoxic–aerobic biofilm reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Hamoda ◽  
R. A. Bin-Fahad
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Oxidised Nitrogen

A pilot plant, using a four-compartment reactor packed with Biolace media, was operated in the anoxic/aerobic submerged fixed-film (A/ASFF) and the aerobic (ASFF) modes at loadings 0.03 to 0.3 g BOD. g−1 BVS. d−1, 0.01 to 0.11 g NH3. g−1 BVS d−1, HRTs 0.7 to 8 h, C/N of 6, and 28 ± 2 °C. The system proved to be very effective in treating municipal wastewater, achieving removals up to 98% for biological oxygen demand (BOD), 75% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 97% for ammonia. Performance was not adversely affected by a 10-fold increase in loading rate. Both modes of operation showed high specific nitrification rates up to 96 mg N. g−1 BVS d−1, but the A/ASFF was more stable and efficient at higher loadings. Its anoxic stage removed more than 90 and 60% for BOD and COD, respectively. The A/ASFF reactor also achieved denitrification, which eliminated 3.35 mg BOD (or 6.6 mg COD) versus 1 mg denitrified NO3-N, that resulted in higher organic removals. Denitrification rate increased linearly with the TON (total oxidised nitrogen) loading applied, and specific substrate removal reached up to 114 mg TON. g−1 BVS. d−1.

scholarly journals Improve the performance of full-scale continuous treatment of municipal wastewater by combining a numerical model and online sensors

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1658-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuwen Chen ◽  
Qibin Wang ◽  
Hanlu Yan ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Jinfeng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Online Sensors

Abstract Mathematical models based on instant environmental inputs are increasingly applied to optimize the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for improving treatment efficiency. This study established a numerical model consisting of the activated sludge module ASM3 and EAWAG bio-P module, and calibrated the model using data from a full-scale experiment conducted in a WWTP in Nanjing, China. The calibrated model was combined with online sensors for water temperature, chemical oxygen demand, -N and -P to optimize and dynamically adjust the operation of the WWTP. The results showed that, compared to the original default operation mode, the effluent water quality was significantly improved after optimization even without supplementation of external carbon or alkalinity, and the required aeration rate in spring, summer, autumn, and winter was reduced by 15, 41, 33 and 11%, respectively. The study indicated that there was the potential for application of closed-loop automatic control to regulate operating parameters to improve wastewater treatment processes through the integration of data on influent characteristics and environmental conditions from sensors, and results from simulation models.

Full-scale anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor for sulfate-rich wastewater treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Sarti ◽  
Ariovaldo J. Silva ◽  
Marcelo Zaiat ◽  
Eugenio Foresti
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor
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