On-site evaluation of the removal of 100 micro-pollutants through advanced wastewater treatment processes for reuse applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2486-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Martin Ruel ◽  
J. M. Choubert ◽  
M. Esperanza ◽  
C. Miège ◽  
P. Navalón Madrigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Micro Pollutants ◽  
Emerging Substances ◽  
Bioreactor Process

The next challenge of wastewater treatment is to reliably remove micro-pollutants at the microgram per litre range in order to meet reuse applications and contribute to reach the good status of the water bodies. A hundred priority and relevant emerging substances were measured to evaluate at full-scale the removal efficiencies of seven advanced treatment lines (one membrane bioreactor process and six tertiary treatment lines) that were designed for reuse applications. To reliably compare the processes, specific procedures for micro-pollutants were applied for sampling, analysis and calculation of removal efficiencies. The membrane bioreactor process allowed to upgrade the removal efficiencies of about 20% of the substances measured, especially those that were partially degraded during conventional processes. Conventional tertiary processes like high rate clarification, sand filtration and polishing pond achieved significant removal for some micro-pollutants, especially for adsorbable substances. Advanced tertiary processes, like ozonation, activated carbon and reverse osmosis were all very efficient to complete the removal of polar pesticides and pharmaceuticals; metals and less polar substances were better retained by reverse osmosis.

Limiting the emissions of micro-pollutants: what efficiency can we expect from wastewater treatment plants?

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Choubert ◽  
S. Martin Ruel ◽  
M. Esperanza ◽  
H. Budzinski ◽  
C. Miège ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Micro Pollutants

The next challenge of wastewater treatment is to reliably remove micro-pollutants at the microgram per litre range in order to meet the environmental quality standards set by new regulations like the Water Framework Directive. The present work assessed the efficiency of different types of primary, secondary and tertiary processes for the removal of more than 100 priority substances and other relevant emerging pollutants through on-site mass balances over 19 municipal wastewater treatment lines. Secondary biological processes proved to be in average 30% more efficient than primary settling processes. The activated sludge (AS) process led to a significant reduction of pollution loads (more than 50% removal for 70% of the substances detected). Biofilm processes led to equivalent removal efficiencies compared to AS, except for some pharmaceuticals. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) process allowed to upgrade removal efficiencies of some substances only partially degraded during conventional AS processes. Preliminary tertiary processes like tertiary settling and sand filtration could achieve significant removal for adsorbable substances. Advanced tertiary processes, like ozonation, activated carbon and reverse osmosis were all very efficient (close to 100%) to complete the removal of polar pesticides and pharmaceuticals; less polar substances being better retained by reverse osmosis.

Evaluation of flocculation and dissolved air flotation as an advanced wastewater treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Pinto Filho ◽  
C. C. Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

A bench scale study was carried out in order to evaluate the applicability of dissolved air flotation (DAF) as an advanced treatment for effluents from three different domestic wastewater treatment processes, namely: (i) a tertiary activated sludge plant ; (ii) an upflow sludge blanket anaerobic reactor (UASB); and (iii) a high-rate stabilization pond.

scholarly journals Fate of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products after secondary wastewater treatment processes in Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2450-2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Yu-Chen Lin ◽  
Cheng-Fan Lin ◽  
Yu-Ting Tsai ◽  
Hank Hui-Hsiang Lin ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Matrix Interference ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) constitute a class of chemicals of emerging concern due to the potential risks they pose to organisms and the environment, even at low concentrations (ng/L). Recent studies have found that PPCPs are not efficiently removed in secondary wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study has: (1) simultaneously investigated the occurrence of sixty-one PPCPs using solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, (2) evaluated removal efficiencies of target PPCPs in six WWTPs that discharge effluents into major Taiwanese rivers, and lastly (3) examined matrix interference during analysis of target PPCPs in water samples. The twenty target PPCPs were chosen for their high detection frequencies, high influent concentrations, and stability during wastewater treatment processes. Caffeine and acetaminophen were detected at the highest concentrations (as high as 24,467 and 33,400 ng/L) and were effectively removed (both >96%); other PPCPs were detected in the high ng/L range but were not effectively removed. Matrix interference (by ion suppression or enhancement) during the analysis resulted in underestimation of the removal efficiencies of erythromycin-H2O, cefazolin, clarithromycin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, clofibric acid and gemfibrozil.

Modeling Mass Transfer in Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Kissel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Process Models ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Individual Effects

Parameters characterizing intrasolid, liquid/solid, and gas/liquid mass transport phenomena in biological treatment systems are required if mass transfer is to be included in process models. Estimates of such parameters are presented and discussed. Collective and individual effects of mass transfer resistances are illustrated by computer simulation of a high-rate trickling filter.

Intelligent control system based on blackboard concept for wastewater treatment processes

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohtsuki ◽  
T. Kawazoe ◽  
T. Masui
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Control System ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Intelligent Control ◽  
Software Agents ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Target System ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Intelligent Control System ◽  
Treatment Processes

An intelligent control system for wastewater treatment processes has been developed and applied to fullscale, high-rate, activated sludge process control. In this control system, multiple software agents that model the target system using their own modeling method collaborate by using data stored in an abstracted database named ‘blackboard’. The software agents, which are called ‘expert modules’, include a fuzzy expert system, a fuzzy controller, a theoretical activated sludge model, and evaluators of raw data acquired by various online sensors including a respirometer. In this paper, the difficulties of controlling an activated sludge system by using a single conventional strategy are briefly reviewed, then our approach to overcome these difficulties by using multiple modeling methods in the framework of an ‘intelligent control system’ is proposed. Case studies of applications to a high-rate activated sludge process that treats BOD and nitrogen of human excrement are also presented.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Removal of Veterinary Antibiotics in Livestock Wastewater Treatment Plants, South Korea

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Pil Kim ◽  
Dal Rae Jin ◽  
Wonseok Lee ◽  
Minhee Chae ◽  
Junwon Park
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
A2o Process

In this study, livestock wastewater treatment plants in South Korea were monitored to determine the characteristics of influent and effluent wastewater, containing four types of veterinary antibiotics (sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline), and the removal efficiencies of different treatment processes. Chlortetracycline had the highest average influent concentration (483.7 μg/L), followed by sulfamethazine (251.2 μg/L), sulfathiazole (230.8 μg/L) and oxytetracycline (25.7 μg/L), at five livestock wastewater treatment plants. Sulfathiazole had the highest average effluent concentration (28.2 μg/L), followed by sulfamethazine (20.8 μg/L) and chlortetracycline (11.5 μg/L), while no oxytetracycline was detected. For veterinary antibiotics in the wastewater, a removal efficiency of at least 90% was observed with five types of treatment processes, including a bio-ceramic sequencing batch reactor, liquid-phase flotation, membrane bioreactor, bioreactor plus ultrafiltration (BIOSUF) and bio best bacillus systems. Moreover, this study evaluated the removal efficiency via laboratory-scale experiments on the conventional contaminants, such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and veterinary antibiotics. This was done using the hydraulic retention time (HRT), under three temporal conditions (14 h, 18 h, 27 h), using the anaerobic–anoxic–oxic (A2O) process, in an attempt to assess the combined livestock wastewater treatment process where the livestock wastewater is treated until certain levels of water quality are achieved, and then the effluent is discharged to nearby sewage treatment plants for further treatment. The removal efficiencies of veterinary antibiotics, especially oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline, were 86.5–88.8% and 87.9–90.8%, respectively, exhibiting no significant differences under various HRT conditions. The removal efficiency of sulfamethazine was at least 20% higher at HRT = 27 h than at HRT = 14 h, indicating that sulfamethazine was efficiently removed in the A2O process with increased HRT. This study is expected to promote a comprehensive understanding of the behavior and removal of veterinary antibiotics in the livestock wastewater treatment plants of South Korea.

Removal of pharmaceutical residue in municipal wastewater by DAF (dissolved air flotation)–MBR (membrane bioreactor) and ozone oxidation

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2546-2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyoung Choi ◽  
Dong Whan Choi ◽  
Jung Yeol Lee ◽  
Young Suk Kim ◽  
Bun Su Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ozone Oxidation ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Residue ◽  
Dissolved Air

Growing attention is given to pharmaceutical residue in the water environment. It is known that pharmaceuticals are able to survive from a series of wastewater treatment processes. Concerns regarding pharmaceutical residues are attributed to the fact that they are being detected in water and sediment environment ubiquitously. Pharmaceutical treatment using a series of wastewater treatment processes of the DAF (dissolved air flotation)–MBR (membrane bioreactor)–ozone oxidation was conducted in the study. DAF, without addition of coagulant, could remove CODcr (chemical oxygen demand by Cr) up to over 70%, BOD 73%, SS 83%, T-N 55%, NH4+ 23%, and T-P 65% in influent of municipal wastewater. Average removal rates of water quality parameters by the DAF–MBR system were very high, e.g. CODcr 95.88%, BOD5 99.66%, CODmn (chemical oxygen demand by Mn) 93.63%, T-N 69.75%, NH4-N 98.46%, T-P 78.23%, and SS 99.51%, which satisfy effluent water quality standards. Despite the high removal rate of the wastewater treatment system, pharmaceuticals were eliminated to be about 50–99% by the MBR system, depending on specific pharmaceuticals. Ibuprofen was well removed by MBR system up to over 95%, while removal rate of bezafibrate ranged between 50 and 90%. With over 5 mg/l of ozone oxidation, most pharmaceuticals which survived the DAF–MBR process were removed completely or resulted in very low survival rate within the range of few micrograms per litre. However, some pharmaceuticals such as bezafibrate and naproxen tended to be resistant to ozone oxidation.

A step-feed hybrid membrane bioreactor process for advanced wastewater treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Zhang ◽  
L. M. Yuan ◽  
Y. Q. Zhang ◽  
Y. C. Zhang ◽  
L. Y. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Advanced Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bioreactor Process
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