P-Recovery from sewage by seeded crystallisation in a pilot plant in batch mode technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ehbrecht ◽  
S. Schönauer ◽  
T. Fuderer ◽  
R. Schuhmann
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Phosphate Mineral ◽  
P Recovery

P-Recovery from actual sewage by P-RoC-technology (Phosphorus Recovery by Crystallisation of phosphate mineral phases from waste- and processwater) was studied in a pilot scale. Therewith the practicability of the pilot plant was tested and the quality of the so generated products was investigated.

scholarly journals Adjustment of Olive Fruit Temperature before Grinding for Olive Oil Extraction. Experimental Study and Pilot Plant Trials

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Eddy Plasquy ◽  
José María García Martos ◽  
María del Carmen Florido Fernández ◽  
Rafael Rubén Sola-Guirado ◽  
Juan Francisco García Martín
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Precise Adjustment ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Plant Trials ◽  
Washing Water

Harvesting at high temperatures and bulk transport can negatively influence the quality of olives and lead to undesirable alterations in the extracted oil. Cooling the fruit in the field would be the most logical solution, but it means that the olives arrive too cold at the mill for immediate processing. In this work, the use of warm water in the washing tub to warm up the fruit before grinding instead of flash heat treatment on the paste was assessed in two experiments. In the first one, at the laboratory level, the temperature after milling was determined in three olive cultivars, previously stored at 5 or 10 °C, and then submerged at different water temperatures (25, 30, and 35 °C) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 s. In the second one, two batches of olives were cooled in the field at 5 °C and then conditioned with washing water to obtain a paste at the entrance of the pilot plant malaxer at 27 °C. The temperature of the olives was measured at five points from the discharging up to their entering, as paste, into the malaxer. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the method as the temperature of the ground olives was kept at the desired temperature (28 ± 1 °C). The trials highlight the potential for automating an even more precise adjustment of the temperature of the olives before milling once the washing tub is equipped with a safe heating system.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Two-Stage and Traditional Co-Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste Amended with Phosphate Rock and Sawdust

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1109
Author(s):  
Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña ◽  
Angélica María Hernández-Gómez ◽  
Marcos Ríos ◽  
Anauribeth Portela ◽  
Viviana Sánchez-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Two Phases

The composting of green waste (GW) proceeds slowly due to the presence of slowly degradable compounds in that substrate. The introduction of amendments and bulking materials can improve organic matter degradation and end-product quality. However, additional strategies such as two-stage composting, can deal with the slow degradation of green waste. This paper evaluates the effect of two-stage composting on the process and end-product quality of the co-composting of green waste and food waste amended with sawdust and phosphate rock. A pilot-scale study was developed using two treatments (in triplicate each), one being a two-stage composting and the other being a traditional composting. The two treatments used the same mixture (wet weight): 46% green waste, 19% unprocessed food waste, 18% processed food waste, 13% sawdust, and 4% phosphate rock. The traditional composting observed a higher degradation rate of organic matter during the mesophilic and thermophilic phases and observed thermophilic temperatures were maintained for longer periods during these two phases compared to two-stage composting (i.e., six days). Nonetheless, during the cooling and maturation phases, the two treatments had similar behaviors with regard to temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, and the end-products resulting from both treatments did not statistically differ. Therefore, from this study, it is concluded that other additional complementary strategies must be evaluated to further improve GW composting.

Characteristics of p-chlorophenol degradation by Photo Fenton oxidation

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yoon ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
D.S. Lee ◽  
J. Huh
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Oh Radical ◽  
Mercury Lamp ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Initial Ph

This study investigated the characteristics of Photo Fenton oxidation in comparison with Fenton oxidation in dark environments. The specific objective was to provide an in-depth understanding as to how the presence of UV would effect the reaction and its efficiency as compared to the Dark Fenton Oxidation. All reactions were carried out in batch mode at an initial pH of 3.5, with H2O2 in excess and iron in catalytic concentrations. The medium pressure mercury lamp (320-400 nm) was used as a UV source. The role of UV in Photo Fenton Oxidation of p-chlorophenol was found to be manyfold as compared to Dark Fenton Oxidation. It included the expedition of ferric ion reduction and the photolysis of H2O2, which exerted a direct impact on the p-chlorophenol degradation kinetics by enhancing the production of OH radical. Also included in the role was alteration of the quantity (and potentially quality) of intermediates, which would lead to a change in the decomposition kinetics in an indirect manner. Therefore, it was concluded that the performance of Photo Fenton Oxidation as compared to Dark Fenton Oxidation could vary in complicated ways depending upon the characteristics of target compounds and their intermediates.

Achieving “Final Storage Quality” of municipal solid waste in pilot scale bioreactor landfills

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Valencia ◽  
W. van der Zon ◽  
H. Woelders ◽  
H.J. Lubberding ◽  
H.J. Gijzen
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Storage Quality

Innovative Utilization of a Borate Additive in Magnesium Production to Decrease Environmental Impact of Fluorides from Pidgeon Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 378-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Lan Han ◽  
Qi Xing Yang ◽  
Lan Er Wu ◽  
Chun Du
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Magnesium Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pidgeon Process

The present authors have utilized, for the first time, H3BO3as an additive in pilot scale experiments of Mg production using Pidgeon process. The results from the experiments revealed positive effects of H3BO3on both quantity and quality of the Mg metal crowns. Besides acting as a catalyzer for MgO reduction, H3BO3stabilized also β-Ca2SiO4in the Mg slag. Based on these results, H3BO3may be adopted as an innovative additive replacing fluorite in the Mg production, to enhance sustainability and environmental soundness for the Pidgeon process in China.

Membrane bio-reactor for textile wastewater treatment plant upgrading

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lubello ◽  
R. Gori
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Textile Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Secondary Settling ◽  
Solid Liquid

Textile industries carry out several fiber treatments using variable quantities of water, from five to forty times the fiber weight, and consequently generate large volumes of wastewater to be disposed of. Membrane Bio-reactors (MBRs) combine membrane technology with biological reactors for the treatment of wastewater: micro or ultrafiltration membranes are used for solid-liquid separation replacing the secondary settling of the traditional activated sludge system. This paper deals with the possibility of realizing a new section of one existing WWTP (activated sludge+clariflocculation+ozonation) for the treatment of treating textile wastewater to be recycled, equipped with an MBR (76 l/s as design capacity) and running in parallel with the existing one. During a 4-month experimental period, a pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, and over 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surfactants removal of pilot plant was lower than that of the WWTP (90.5 and 93.2% respectively), while the BiAS removal was higher in the pilot plant (98.2 vs. 97.1). At the end cost analysis of the proposed upgrade is reported.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fixed-Bed Cultures with Immobilized Lactococcus Lactis ssp. Lactis on Different Scales

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Faschian ◽  
Ilyas Eren ◽  
Steven Minden ◽  
Ralf Pörtner
Keyword(s):  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Fixed Beds ◽  
Pilot Scale Reactor

Fixed-bed processes, where cells are immobilized within macroporous carriers, are a promising alternative to processes with suspended cells. A scale-up concept is presented in order to evaluate the performance as part of process design of fixed-bed processes. Therefore,Lactococcus lactiscultivation in chemostat and batch mode was compared to fixed bed cultures on three different scales, the smallest being the downscaledMultifermwith 10 mL fixed bed units, the second a 100 mL fixed-bed reactor and the third a pilot scale reactor with 1 L fixed bed volume. As expected, the volume specific lactate productivity of all cultivations was dependent on dilution rate. In suspension chemostat culture a maximum of 2.3 g·L-1·h-1was reached. Due to cell retention in the fixed-beds, productivity increased up to 8.29 g·L-1·h-1at a dilution rate of D = 1.16 h-1(corresponding to 2.4·µmax) on pilot scale. For all fixed bed cultures a common spline was obtained indicating a good scale-up performance.

In-process tests of river water conditioning for domestic and drinking water supply in the city of Kurgan

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
А.В. Селюков ◽  
М.Ю. Семенов ◽  
И.С. Байкова
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Ozone Dose

Рассматривается опыт применения озонирования речной воды в лабораторных и пилотных масштабах. Вода реки Тобол – жесткая минерализованная со средними значениями цветности 24 град, содержанием марганца в зимний период более 0,8 мг/дм3. После определения рабочих доз реагентов (коагулянт гидроксохлорид алюминия, флокулянт Praestol 650TR) проводилось пробное озонирование с последующей реагентной обработкой на лабораторном флокуляторе. Для достижения норматива по содержанию марганца в речной воде 0,1 мг/дм3 потребовались высокие дозы озона – от 35 мг/дм3. Подщелачивание исходной воды до рН 9 позволило снизить дозу озона до 23 мг/дм3. Снижение цветности до 15 град происходит при дозах озона 6–7 мг/дм3. Очистка речной воды на пилотной установке производительностью 50 л/ч проводилась по полной технологической схеме (озонирование, обработка коагулянтом и флокулянтом, отстаивание, фильтрование через песчаный фильтр, фильтрование через угольный фильтр, опреснение-умягчение обратным осмосом). Доза коагулянта составляла 5 мг/дм3, флокулянта – 0,3 мг/дм3. В стационарном режиме работы пилотной установки при дозе озона 25 мг/дм3 были достигнуты следующие показатели качества фильтрата песчаного фильтра: цветность 5–7 град; марганец 0,05–0,15 мг/дм3; железо общее 0,02–0,03 мг/дм3; алюминий 0,05–0,08 мг/дм3; перманганатная окисляемость 3–4 мг/дм3. Исходя из расчетных показателей состава воды р. Тобол, для концентрации марганца в воде 0,8 мг/дм3теоретическая доза озона составляет ≈ 8 мг/дм3, проектная доза озона может быть принята 10 мг/дм3 (г/м3). The experience of using ozonation of river water on a laboratory and pilot scale is considered. The water of the Tobol River is hard and mineralized with an average color value of 24 degrees, a manganese concentration in the winter period of more than 0.8 mg/dm3. After determining the operational doses of the chemicals (polyaluminum chloride coagulant, Praestol 650TR flocculant), test ozonation was carried out followed by the chemical treatment in a laboratory flocculator. To achieve the standard for manganese concentration in river water of 0.1 mg/dm3, high doses of ozone were required – from 35 mg/dm3. Alkalinization of the initial water to pH 9 provided for reducing the ozone dose to 23 mg/dm3. A decrease in color to 15 degrees occurred at ozone doses of 6–7 mg/dm3. River water purification at a pilot plant with a capacity of 50 l/h was carried out according to the complete process flow scheme (ozonation, treatment with coagulant and flocculant, sedimentation, filtration in a sand filter, filtration in a carbon filter, desalination-softening by reverse osmosis). The coagulant dose was 5 mg/dm3, and that of the flocculant – 0.3 mg/dm3. In the steady run of the pilot plant at an ozone dose of 25 mg/dm3, the following quality indicators of the sand filter filtrate were achieved: color 5–7 degrees; manganese 0.05–0.15 mg/dm3; total iron 0.02–0.03 mg/dm3; aluminum 0.05–0.08 mg/dm3; permanganate index 3–4 mg/dm3. Based on the estimate indicators of the Tobol River water composition related to the manganese concentration in water of 0.8 mg/dm3, the theoretic dose of ozone is ≈ 8 mg/dm3, the design dose of ozone can be assumed as 10 mg/dm3 (g/m3).

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