Assessing crucial stress on life cycle of fish in suburban streams

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-711
Author(s):  
Y. Sakakibara ◽  
A. Nakada
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Fish Survival ◽  
Good Agreement

To assess crucial stresses to fish survival in suburban streams, a Life Cycle Risk Assessment (LCRA) was developed and verified by comparing with field survey results. In LCRA, 8 stresses produced by human activities were taken into consideration, referring to the literature. Field survey was conducted over 2 years to identify the present existence and distributions of fishes in 3 streams, which have different pollution levels and morphologies. Field survey results demonstrated that species of fishes and their populations were different in 3 streams and varied with location. Crucial stresses frequently identified by the LCRA were depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO), disappearances of habitats (e.g. deep and shallow), disappearance of spawning area, and existence of obstructions in the streams. Furthermore, most LCRA results regarding existence or non-existence of 15 fishes at 7 different sites were fairly in good agreement with field survey results. From these results, we concluded the present LCRA would be a useful tool in assessing crucial stress as well as in predicting fish species that are able to survive in streams.

Application of Life Cycle Risk Assessment (LCRA) of Fish to Different Suburban Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Bando ◽  
Nobuhiko Kikuchi ◽  
Yutaka Sakakibara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Good Agreement

A Life Cycle Risk Assessment (LCRA) proposed in our former study was applied to 12 suburban streams to evaluate crucial stress and habitat conditions for 15 freshwater fishes in Japan. In LCRA, 8 stresses produced by human activities were taken into consideration, referring to the literature. Field survey and literature reviews were conducted to identify the present existence and distributions of corresponding fishes in the streams which have different pollution levels and morphologies. Crucial stresses frequently identified by the LCRA were depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO), disappearances of habitats (e.g. deep and shallow), disappearance of spawning area due to benthic deposition, and existence of obstructions in the streams. Most LCRA results regarding existence or non-existence of 15 fishes were in fairly good agreement with field survey or literature reviews results. From these results, we thought the present LCRA would be a useful tool in assessing crucial stress as well as in evaluating habitat conditions in steams, which could be used for the restoration of steams.

The use of the risk assessment in the life cycle assessment framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Francesca Milazzo ◽  
Francesco Spina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Health Impacts

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to quantify the human health impacts of soy-biodiesel production with the aim to discuss about its environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach – The integrated use of two current approaches, risk assessment (RA) and life cycle assessment (LCA), has allowed improvement of the potentialities of both in obtaining a more complete analysis. The implementation of a life cycle indicator for the assessment of the impacts on the human health, integrating the features of both approaches, is the main focus of this paper. Findings – It has been found that, although the biodiesel is a green fuel, it has some criticalities in its life cycle, which cannot be disregarded. In fact, even if biodiesel is essentially a clean fuel there are some phases, prior to the industrial phase, that can cause negative effects on human health and ecosystems. Practical implications – Results suggest some measures which can be adopted to substantially reduce human health impacts. Further alternative could be analysed in future to gain more insight about the use of biodiesel fuels. Originality/value – The estimation of the impacts of a process producing biodiesel has been made by using a novel approach. The novelty is associated with the calculation of the impacts on human health by using the transfer factors applied in RA. The use of such factors, properly modified in order to estimate the impacts on a wider scale than a site-dimension, allows defining a holistic approach, as LCA and RA are used as complete units but at the same time can be related to each other.

Risk assessment of additional financial costs on the example of implementation of projects of the rocket space industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Е.В. Докукина ◽  
Е.В. Парфенова
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators

В работе исследуется один из возможных метод оценки риска дополнительных финансовых незапланированных затрат в рамках реализации проектов ракетно-космической отрасли, поскольку по различным причинам они не учитывались при определении технико-экономических показателей реализуемого перспективного проекта. Следовательно, предлагаемый метод позволяет на ранних стадиях проведения исследований оценить дополнительные затраты и учесть их влияние на конечные технико-экономические показатели перспективного проекта. Метод строится на основе статистического анализа затрат по этапам жизненного цикла и по проекту в целом. По итогам исследования сделан вывод о том, что риск дополнительных финансовых затрат может снизить эффективность проекта в полтора - три раза. The paper explores one of the possible methods for assessing the risk of additional unplanned costs for the implementation of a promising project. Under additional means costs that for some reason were not planned when determining the technical and economic indicators of the prospective project being implemented. The proposed method allows for the early stages of research to assess the additional costs and take into account their impact on the final technical and economic indicators of a promising project. The method is based on a statistical analysis of costs for the stages of the life cycle and for the project as a whole. The study concluded that the risk of additional costs may reduce the effectiveness of the project in one and a half to three times.

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