Diffuse pollution abatement – a key component in the integrated effort towards sustainable urban basins

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Novotny ◽  
K. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Diffuse Pollution ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Best Management

Water bodies are highly stressed by overdrafts of water for many purposes upstream and in the cities, and effluent domination and excessive point and diffuse pollution downstream. Pollution is also caused by the urban landscape which prefers impervious rather than porous surfaces; fast-conveyance infrastructure rather than “softer” approaches like ponds and vegetation; and stream channelization instead of natural stream courses, buffers and floodplains, and development in the floodplains. In future, the comprehensive and complex problems of urban pollution must be solved within the framework of the total hydrological cycle concept. This provides a new impetus to diffuse pollution management in urban areas. The best management practices that have been developed in the past could become key components of the new urban total hydrological cycle paradigm for solving the water shortage and pollution problems in an integrated manner, and making the urban systems hydrologically and ecologically sustainable. The paradigm will include landscape changes (less imperviousness, more green space used as buffers and groundwater recharge) as well application of the best management practices that provide water conservation, storage and reuse.

A Review and Discussion on Modeling and Assessing Agricultural Best Management Practices under Global Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Wanhong Yang ◽  
Chengzhi Qin ◽  
Axing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>Understanding the impacts of global climate change on the spatiotemporal pattern of hydrologic cycle and water resources is of major importance in highly developed watersheds all over the world. These impacts are strongly dependent on related changes in intensity and frequency of extreme climate events. Implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and policy approaches at watershed and regional scales is essential for mitigating their negative impacts on soil and water conservation, and sustainable economic development. However, the uncertainty of BMP effectiveness including increasing variability of future water supply and changing magnitudes of nonpoint source pollution has to be accounted for in watershed planning and management. This paper provides a review and discussion on the impacts of global climate change on BMP’s hydrologic performance, the current progress on hydrologic assessment of BMPs, as well as the existing problems and countermeasures. Research challenges and opportunities in the field of hydrologic assessment of BMPs under global climate change are also discussed in this paper.</p>

scholarly journals Best management practices for erosion and sedimentation control of The Sermo Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
A A Rofikha ◽  
Y Saputra ◽  
F A Islami
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Sediment Control ◽  
Best Management ◽  
High Sedimentation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
High Level

Abstract Erosion and sedimentation problems caused by human activities disturbed the primary conditions of the watershed. This situation was also influenced by significant hydrometeorological shifts and high rainfall, which increased soil erosion. These inclement watershed conditions resulted in high sedimentation rates and caused severe problems for the quality and quantity of water in the reservoir. This study aims to solve the Sermo watershed problems by calculating the value of erosion and sedimentation, then providing a solution to deal with these problems in the form of Best Management Practices (BMP). This research used a USLE method to calculate the erosion and sedimentation rate. The calculation results showed that 40.86% of Sermo Reservoir within 809.12 hectares was classified as a high level of erosion. Further recommendations for overcoming this condition were made by referring to BMP for erosion and sediment control, including structures and soil water conservation. Further recommendations to address this condition were made regarding BMP for controlling water, maintaining soil stability, controlling sedimentation, and managing and maintaining optimal watersheds.

Assessing the performance of urban BMPs in Scotland

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jefferies ◽  
A. Aitken ◽  
N. McLean ◽  
K. Macdonald ◽  
G. McKissock
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
And Performance

Best Management Practices (BMPs) in urban drainage have been promoted in Scotland for a number of years in response to the need to combat pollution arising from diffuse sources in urban areas. This has led to the construction of around one hundred BMP installations using both source and end of pipe control. These are principally in the East of Scotland, and the number is growing rapidly as education and knowledge increases. A programme of investigations into the factors which influence the performance of the systems commenced in 1997. A range of types of BMP are under study including both source control and end of pipe systems. The sites have been divided into groups for which different depths of investigation are being undertaken. The programme involves a number of parallel investigations requiring field studies, data reviews and enquiries to confirm applicability and performance in situ. Many of the factors which influence the selection, installation and operation of a particular system are social, legal and administrative in addition to those which relate to its design and construction. The different strands of the study have been developed to ensure that all influences are identified and evaluated.

Best management practices for stormwater-runoff with alternative methods in a large urban catchment in Berlin, Germany

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sieker ◽  
M. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Impervious Area

Because of multiple constraints, e.g. existing drainage systems, little available space and higher costs, Best Management Practices (BMP) for stormwater-runoff in existing urban areas is more difficult to apply than for new urban developments. For a large urban catchment (about 22 km2) with a separate drainage system in Berlin, Germany a combination of decentral (non-structural) and semi-central stormwater-management measures proved to be the best solution. It offers a high effectiveness concerning stormwater treatment at relatively low costs. Modern planning tools such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to investigate the possibilities of implementing decentral measures in larger areas. Correlations between field surveys and data from the ‘Environmental Information System’ of Berlin shows that even in highly urbanised areas a disconnection of 30% of the impervious area can easily be achieved. The resulting reduction of the discharge makes it possible to convert existing retention tanks to soil filter tanks. The purification efficiency of this combined measures is higher than of a central stormwater settling tank which has been simulated with a pollution load model.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Equity Aspects of Nonpoint Source Pollution Controls

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan R. Spurlock ◽  
Ivery D. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Federal Water Pollution Control

Achieving water quality goals will necessitate adoption of best management practices (BMP's) by some or all farmers. Water quality is expected to improve as farmers adopt BMP's such as conservation cropping systems, structural measures, and conservation tillage methods. Currently, there is an absence of pollution abatement incentives strong enough to induce farmers to abate sediment, nutrients, and pesticides to desirable social levels. Although a specific socially optimal level of pollutants may be difficult (or impossible) to quantify, the U.S. Congress, by passing the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (P. L. 92-500), has demonstrated the need for improvements in water quality.

scholarly journals Adoption of Landscape Management Practices by Florida Residents

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Israel ◽  
Janice O. Easton ◽  
Gary W. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Landscape Management ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Master Gardener ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Educational Seminar

The Florida Cooperative Extension Service (FCES) teaches residents the importance of proper landscaping practices. FCES offers several educational programs that teach residents how to integrate energy and water conservation, pest management, and waste recycling practices into their home landscapes. In 1997, extension staff and volunteers planned and conducted environmental landscape management (ELM) programs resulting in >800,000 customer contacts. A survey was conducted to measure the adoption of recommended best management practices by program participants and nonparticipants. Results show that, of 39 practices examined, Master Gardener trainees increased the number of practices used by an average of 7.3, while educational seminar and publications-only participants increased by an average of 4.5 and 2.8 practices, respectively. Nonparticipants showed essentially no change. When practices are examined one at a time, the Master Gardeners made statistically significant increases in 28 of the 39 recommended practices. Educational seminar and publications-only participants made similar gains in 31 and 6 practices, respectively, and the nonparticipant comparison group made significant increases in 2 practices and decreases in 8. The results suggest that the publications-only strategy for delivering information to homeowners is less effective than strategies combining educational seminars or intensive training with relevant publications.

scholarly journals Best Management Practices for the Conversion of Established Bermudagrass to Buffalograss

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared. A. Hoyle ◽  
Gerald M. Henry ◽  
Travis Williams ◽  
Aaron Holbrook ◽  
Tyler Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Growing concern over the sufficiency and variability of present water supplies in the arid Southwest has led to the examination of buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] for water conservation. Increasing acceptance of buffalograss will require investigation into conversion techniques for its establishment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of seedbed preparation and seeding rate on the establishment of buffalograss after bermudagrass desiccation with glyphosate. Research was conducted at the Texas Tech Quaker Research farm in 2009 and 2010 on a mature ‘Riviera’ common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] rough. Bermudagrass was sprayed with glyphosate at 1.1 kg acid equivalent (ae)/ha 5 and 1 weeks before seedbed preparation. Plots were scalped after desiccation. Treatments were arranged in a two × four factorial, randomized complete block design with four replications. two buffalograss seeding rates and four seedbed preparation treatments. Seedbed preparation treatments consisted of no seedbed preparation, topdressing alone (0.6-cm layer), hollow-tine aerification + topdressing, or verticutting + topdressing. ‘TopGun’ buffalograss was planted on 1 June 2009 and 4 June 2010 at 146 or 195 kg·ha−1. Grid counts were conducted to determine buffalograss cover one, two, and three months after planting (MAP). Counts were then converted to percent cover (0% to 100%). Greater buffalograss cover was observed when seed was applied at the higher rate (196 kg·ha−1) except within treatments that did not receive seedbed preparation treatment. No seedbed preparation resulted in unacceptable buffalograss cover. Percent buffalograss cover three MAP was 75%, 83%, and 86% for topdressing alone, aerification + topdressing, and verticutting + topdressing treatments seeded at 195 kg·ha−1, respectively.

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