Photochemical degradation of naproxen in the aquatic environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Felis ◽  
D. Marciocha ◽  
J. Surmacz-Gorska ◽  
K. Miksch
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Naproxen belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is often used to treat pain of rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases. The photochemical experiments of naproxen degradation were performed in the wastewater effluents from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Kloten/Switzerland at its real concentrations (without standard addition) and in drinking water containing naproxen standard, adjusted to pH = 7 and pH = 6. All performed experiments showed that within 5 min of photochemical oxidation, the disappearance of naproxen exceeded 90%. The first-order rate constants of naproxen degradation were determined. The maximal value of rate constant was observed by UV/H2O2 process in water samples at pH = 6 (k=0.997 min−1).

scholarly journals Nine-Year Study of the Occurrence of Culturable Viruses in Source Water for Two Drinking Water Treatment Plants and the Influent and Effluent of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (August 1994 through July 2003)

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 1042-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Sedmak ◽  
David Bina ◽  
Jeffrey MacDonald ◽  
Lon Couillard
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

ABSTRACT Reoviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were quantified by culture for various ambient waters in the Milwaukee area. From August 1994 through July 2003, the influent and effluent of a local wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were tested monthly by a modified U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Information Collection Rule (ICR) organic flocculation cell culture procedure for the detection of culturable viruses. Modification of the ICR procedure included using Caco-2, RD, and HEp-2 cells in addition to BGM cells. Lake Michigan source water for two local drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) was also tested monthly for culturable viruses by passing 200 liters of source water through a filter and culturing a concentrate representing 100 liters of source water. Reoviruses, enteroviruses, and adenoviruses were detected frequently (105 of 107 samples) and, at times, in high concentration in WWTP influent but were detected less frequently (32 of 107 samples) in plant effluent and at much lower concentrations. Eighteen of 204 samples (8.8%) of source waters for the two DWTPs were positive for virus and exclusively positive for reoviruses at relatively low titers. Both enteroviruses and reoviruses were detected in WWTP influent, most frequently during the second half of the year.

Removal of cyanobacterial metabolites through wastewater treatment plant filters

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1244-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Ho ◽  
Daniel Hoefel ◽  
Charlotte Grasset ◽  
Sebastien Palazot ◽  
Gayle Newcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
High Nutrient

Wastewaters have the potential to proliferate excessive numbers of cyanobacteria due to high nutrient levels. This could translate to the production of metabolites, such as the saxitoxins, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), which can impair the quality of wastewater destined for re-use. Biological sand filtration was assessed for its ability to remove these metabolites from a wastewater. Results indicated that the sand filter was incapable of effectively removing the saxitoxins and in some instances, the effluent of the sand filter displayed greater toxicity than the influent. Conversely, the sand filter was able to effectively remove geosmin and MIB, with removal attributed to biodegradation. Granular activated carbon was employed as an alternative filter medium to remove the saxitoxins. Results showed similar removals to previous drinking water studies, where efficient removals were initially observed, followed by a decrease in the removal; a consequence of the presence of competing organics which reduced adsorption of the saxitoxins.

scholarly journals Microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of fish and the water from an urban prairie creek

FACETS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha H. Campbell ◽  
Patrick R. Williamson ◽  
Britt D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Creek Water ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Baseline Conditions ◽  
Freshwater Environments

Microplastics are defined as any plastic with a diameter ≤5 mm. Problems associated with these plastics such as contamination of both marine and freshwater environments and ingestion by aquatic organisms are of increasing concern. Our study quantifies the number of microplastics in a prairie creek immediately downstream of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Water samples and five species of fish were collected from sample sites upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the summers of 2015 and 2016. Samples were digested in either a Fe(II)/H2O2 or NaClO solution and observed under a microscope where plastics present were enumerated by colour and type. At least one microplastic was detected in 73.5% of fish and 95.6% of water samples, showing that the creek does, in fact, contain microplastics. Concentrations were higher in water from upstream sites, likely due to dilution of creek water by the release of treated effluent. The results of this study provide baseline conditions for the presence of plastics in the creek prior to a major upgrade of the WWTP scheduled for completion in 2016.

scholarly journals Enterococcus faecium of thevanAGenotype in Rural Drinking Water, Effluent, and the Aqueous Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 596-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dearbháile Morris ◽  
Sandra Galvin ◽  
Fiona Boyle ◽  
Paul Hickey ◽  
Martina Mulligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Rural Drinking Water Supply

ABSTRACTTotal enterococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were enumerated in samples of effluent (n= 50) and water (n= 167) from a number of sources. VRE were detected in the outflow of a wastewater treatment plant and in a single rural drinking water supply, suggesting potential for transmission to humans through environmental contamination.

scholarly journals Determination of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) Concentrations via Ion Chromatography and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry in Samples Collected from Nacogdoches Wastewater Treatment Plant, East Texas (USA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefa K. Onchoke ◽  
Salomey A. Sasu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Wastewater Samples

The concentration of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a toxic environmental pollutant and carcinogen, was determined in samples collected from Nacogdoches Wastewater Treatment Plant (NWWTP) using ion chromatography and UV-visible spectrophotometry (IC, UV-Vis). On reaction with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide (DPC) Cr+6 forms a 1,5-diphenylcarbazide-Cr(VI) complex, which is then analyzed at 530 nm and 540 nm, respectively. Via ion chromatography Cr(VI) concentrations were in the range of 0.00190±0.0020 and 0.0010±0.0006 ppm at the influent and effluent, respectively. With the use of standard addition wastewater samples were spiked with a 0.5 ppm Cr(VI) standard of various amounts and subsequently analyzed with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The spiked concentrations gave Cr(VI) concentrations in the range of 0.0090±0.0060 ppm and 0.0040±0.0061 ppm at the influent and influent wastewater, respectively. The determined Cr(VI) concentrations through the ion chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometry are below the maximum USEPA contaminant concentration of 0.1 ppm. From the analysis, the NWWTP efficiently removes Cr(VI) before discharge into the environment through La Nana Creek. The removal efficiency for Cr(VI) was determined to be ≥92.8% along the wastewater treatment stages from the influent (aeration stage) to the effluent stages prior to discharge into the La Nana Creek.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antibiotics in pharmaceutical industrial wastewater, wastewater treatment plant and sea waters in Tunisia

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Tahrani ◽  
Joris Van Loco ◽  
Hedi Ben Mansour ◽  
Tim Reyns
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Low Concentrations

Antibiotics are among the most commonly used group of pharmaceuticals in human medicine. They can therefore reach surface and groundwater bodies through different routes, such as wastewater treatment plant effluents, surface runoff, or infiltration of water used for agricultural purposes. It is well known that antibiotics pose a significant risk to environmental and human health, even at low concentrations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of aminoglycosides and phenicol antibiotics in municipal wastewaters, sea water and pharmaceutical effluents in Tunisia. All analysed water samples contained detectable levels of aminoglycoside and phenicol antibiotics. The highest concentrations in wastewater influents were observed for neomycin and kanamycin B (16.4ng mL−1 and 7.5 ng mL−1, respectively). Chloramphenicol was found in wastewater influents up to 3 ng mL−1. It was observed that the waste water treatment plants were not efficient in completely removing these antibiotics. Chloramphenicol and florfenicol were found in sea water samples near aquaculture sites at levels up to, respectively, 15.6 ng mL−1 and 18.4 ng mL−1. Also aminoglycoside antibiotics were found near aquaculture sites with the highest concentration of 3.4 ng mL−1 for streptomycin. In pharmaceutical effluents, only gentamycin was found at concentrations up to 19 ng mL−1 over a sampling period of four months.

scholarly journals Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Plant to Obtain Drinking Water

OALib ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Djamel Ghernaout ◽  
Noureddine Elboughdiri
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant

The Distribution Characteristics of the Typical Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of a City in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Jian Guang Liu ◽  
Qiu Yue Sun ◽  
Min Xiang Wang ◽  
Wu Chang Song
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

The distribution characteristics of six typical antibiotics in the aquatic environment (wastewater treatment plant effluent, Shiao-ching River, Yellow River, Yellow river Reservoir, drinking water treatment plant effluent) of a city in china were analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results show that except for erythromycin, other five antibiotics include sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine, amoxicillin, tetracycline and oxytetracycline were detected in the aquatic environment, the concentrations of tetracycline and oxytetracycline were relatively higher, the tetracycline and oxytetracycline concentrations of wastewater treatment plant effluent were 32.39 ng/L and 59.36 ng/L respectively. The wasterwater treatment plant process can not completely remove the antibiotic,and the five antibiotics concentrations in the wastewater treatment plant effluent were higher than their concentrations in the other water bodies. A certain content antibiotics was discharged into the receiving water and wastewater treatment plant drainage is the main way of antibiotics to release into the water environment. Traces of antibiotics were detected in the water samples which were taken from the Yellow River and the Shiao-ching River in the city, but they were less polluted by antibiotics levels. The antibiotics removal effect of conventional drinking water treatment process is not obvious.

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