Anaerobic treatment of organic chemical wastewater using packed bed reactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mijaylova-Nacheva ◽  
B. Peña-Loera ◽  
S. Cuevas-Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

The studied organic chemical wastewater had a high COD, 20–45 g/L, and low TSS, less than 200 mg/L, making anaerobic bio-filtration a suitable treatment method. The organic matter consisted of alcohols, amines, ketones and aromatic compounds, such as toluene and phenol. Granulated activated carbon (GAC) and a porous stone called tezontle, widely available in Mexico, were used as a bio-film support. Once inoculated, the mesophilic reactors with granulated activated carbon (GAC-BFs) reached stability with 80% COD removal in 40 days, while the reactors with tezontle material (tezontle-BF) required 145 days. Biodegradation of more than 95% was obtained with both support media: at organic loads less than 1.7 kg m−3 d−1 in tezontle-BF and with loads of up to 13.3 kg m−3 d−1 in GAC-BFs. The bio-filters with GAC allowed COD removal efficiency of 80% at a load as high as 26.3 kg m−3 d−1, while the same efficiency with tezontle was obtained at loads up to 4.45 kg m−3 d−1. The use of GAC as support material allows greater biodegradation rates than tezontle and it makes the bio-filters more resistant to organic increases, inhibition effects and toxicity. Methanogenic activity was inhibited at loads higher than 1.7 kg m−3 d−1 in bio-filters with tezontle and 22.8 kg m−3 d−1 in bio-filters with GAC. At loads lower than the previously mentioned, high methane production yield was obtained, 0.32–0.35 m3CH4/kg CODremoved. The biomass growth rates were low in the bio-filters with both kinds of material; however, a sufficiently high biomass holdup was obtained.

Anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds using packed bed reactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mijaylova-Nacheva ◽  
A. Canul-Chuil
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Aliphatic Compounds ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Support Materials

The feasibility of anaerobic packed bed reactors with tezontle (volcanic stone widely available in Mexico) and mineral granular activated carbon (GAC) was explored for the degradation of the main chlorinated aliphatic compounds present in the effluent from chemical industry for ethylene and polyvinyl chloride production. The biofilm on the support materials was developed using as inoculums anaerobic sludge. The biodegradation of the halogenated aliphatic compounds (1,2-dichloroethane; 1,1,1-trichloroethane; trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride) was possible without addition of external electron donors. High COD removal was obtained in the reactors with both materials. The use of GAC as a biomass support allows a complete biodegradation of the chlorinated aliphatic compounds at organic loads up to 1.24 kgCOD.m−3.d−1, with 94% of COD removal and with a biodegradation rate of 2.062 gCOD.kgGAC−1.d−1. The reactor with tezontle also had high biodegradation capacity, but the biodegradation of the 1,1-dichloroethene, which appeared as intermediate product, was not reached at the required level in the studied range of organic loads.

The Influence of Different Support Materials to Treatment Efficiency in Packed Bed Reactors

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roš ◽  
J. Vrtovšek ◽  
M. Dular
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

Biological treatment, especially nitrogen removal, in an upflow packed bed reactor with immobilised biomass was studied. As a support material granulated activated carbon (GAC), ceramic material (crush brick), brown coal and cut polyethylene tubes were used. The size of the support material was 4 to 6 millimetres. In laboratory scale studies pharmaceutical wastewater was treated. Volumetric loading was from 6.8 to 7.6 g/l/day. Results of investigations showed us that aerated packed bed reactors are usable for nitrogen removal because in the reactor originates aerobic and anoxic conditions. In anoxic cones the denitrification of nitrate, nitrite and ammonia ions takes place. The most effective systems for nitrogen removal were reactors filled with granulated activated carbon and with ceramic material. In the reactor with granulated activated carbon also colour from wastewater was degraded.

Treatment of chemical-pharmaceutical wastewater in packed bed anaerobic reactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Nacheva ◽  
B. Peña-Loera ◽  
F. Moralez-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors

Biological degradation in packed bed anaerobic mesophilic reactors with five different support materials was studied for the treatment of chemical-pharmaceutical wastewater with high COD (23–31 g/L), which contains toxic organic compounds. Experimental up-flow bio-filters were operated at different organic loads for a two-year period. Removals of 80–98% were obtained in the reactors with sand, anthracite and black tezontle, but at relatively low organic loads, less than 3.6 kg m−3 d−1. The reactor with granular activated carbon (GAC) had a better performance; efficiencies higher than 95% were obtained at loads up to 17 kg m−3 d−1 and higher than 80% with loads up to 26 kg m−3 d−1. Second in performance was the reactor with red tezontle which allows COD removals higher than 80% with loads up to 6 kg m−3 d−1. The use of GAC as support material allows greater biodegradation rates than the rest of the materials and it makes the process more resistant to organic load increases, inhibition effects and toxicity. Methanogenic activity was inhibited at loads higher than 21.9 kg m−3 d−1 in the GAC-reactor and at loads higher than 3.6 kg m−3 d−1 in the rest of the reactors. At loads lower than the previously mentioned, high methane production yield was obtained, 0.32–0.35 m3CH4/kg CODremoved.

Performance and microbial dynamics in packed-bed reactors during the long-term two-stage anaerobic treatment of tequila vinasses

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Toledo-Cervantes ◽  
Nora Guevara-Santos ◽  
Jorge Arreola-Vargas ◽  
Raúl Snell-Castro ◽  
Hugo Oscar Méndez-Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Packed Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Microbial Dynamics ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Tequila Vinasses

Pilot-plant study on anaerobic treatment of a lipid- and protein-rich food industrial wastewater by a thermophilic multi-staged UASB reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tagawa ◽  
H. Takahashi ◽  
Y. Sekiguchi ◽  
A. Ohashi ◽  
H. Harada
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Ca Ions ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Protein Rich

An on-site pilot-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of a multi-staged UASB (MS-UASB) reactor by feeding with a food processing wastewater containing high strength of lipid and protein. The reactor was operated at a thermophilic condition (55°C) for a period of 600 days. The reactor finally achieved 50 kgCOD·m−3ád−1 with a soluble COD removal of 90% (based on the influent total COD versus the effluent filtered COD), while the overall COD removal (based on the effluent COD-total) was considerably unsatisfactory at around only 60–70%. The presence of high strength of lipid and protein along with high concentration of Mg and Ca ions in the raw wastewater caused a severe scum and/or insolubilized substance formation within the UASB sludge bed, resulting in hindering the contact efficiency between substrate and sludge. The replacement of active microbial granules in the sludge bed with the insolubilized protein and lipid brought about deterioration of sludge methanogenic activity.

scholarly journals Possibilities of applying biosorption systems for ballast water treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Viktoras Racys ◽  
Irmantas Valunas ◽  
Inga Urniezaite
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Carbon Biomass ◽  
Bilge Water ◽  
Ballast Water Treatment ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

This article represents applying of biosorption process for the treatment of wastewater,contaminated with light oil products, SC "Klaipedos nafta", which works in the field oftransshipment of oil and its products in Lithuania, has installed biosorbers for the treatmentof ballast and bilge water from the vessels, Biosorption process is sustained by integratedrunning of the Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) and the active branches of particularmicroorganisms, This wastewater treatment method is preeminent for treatment of this kindof wastewater, comparing with the treatment efficiency of other methods, Wastewater ispumped into biosorbers after flotation and remaining concentration of Total PetroleumHydrocarbons (TPH) varies about 2 mg/L At the very beginning of the biosorbers operationwastewater treatment efficiency of 0.2 mg/I was reached, For the process control mainparameters are being analyzed: sorption capacity of the activated carbon, biomass amountand enzymatic activity of the microorganisms. Interdependence of the values of theseparameters and treatment efficiency according to TPH is being established, Obtained resultssupport the theory of biosorption process and the process workability for the treatment ofwastewater, polluted with light oil products, In this article there are given principletechnological solutions and parameters of the biosorbers in SC "Klaipedos nafta",

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation of Pulp Bleaching Effluent

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Işıl Akmehmet Balcıoğlu ◽  
Çiğdem Kıvılcımdan Moral
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Pulp Bleaching ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

AbstractCatalytic ozonation is a promising treatment method for both water and wastewater. In this study, in order to increase the biodegradability of bleaching wastewater from an integrated pulp- and -paper production plant, granulated activated carbon-(GAC), iron-(Fe

Effect of operational modes on the removal of a synthetic organic chemical by powdered activated carbon during ultrafiltration

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Y. Matsui ◽  
A. Yuasa ◽  
F. Colas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Filtration Cycle ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemical ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Operational Modes

The effects of operational modes on the removal of a synthetic organic chemical (SOC) in natural water by powdered activated carbon (PAC) during ultrafiltration (UF) were studied, through model simulations and experiments. The removal percentage of the trace SOC was independent of its influent concentration for a given PAC dose. The minimum PAC dosage required to achieve a desired effluent concentration could quickly be optimized from the C/C0 plot as a function of the PAC dosage. The cross-flow operation was not advantageous over the dead-end regarding the SOC removal. Added PAC was re-circulated as a suspension in the UF loop for only a short time even under the cross-flow velocity of gt; 1.0 m/s. The cross-flow condition did not contribute much to the suspending of PAC. The pulse PAC addition at the beginning of a filtration cycle resulted in somewhat better SOC removal than the continuous PAC addition. The increased NOM loading on PAC which was dosed in a pulse and stayed longer in the UF loop could possibly further decrease the adsorption rate.

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