Simultaneous removal of ammonium-nitrogen and sulphate from wastewaters with an anaerobic attached-growth bioreactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.-l. Zhao ◽  
W. Li ◽  
S.-j. You
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Some industrial wastewaters may contain ammonium-nitrogen and/or sulphate, which need to be removed before their discharge into natural water bodies to eliminate their severe pollution. In this paper, simultaneous removal of ammonium-nitrogen and sulphate with an anaerobic attached-growth bioreactor of 3.8 L incubated with sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated. Artificial wastewater containing sodium sulphate as electron acceptor, ammonium chlorine as electron donor and glucose as carbon source for bacteria growth was used as the feed for the bioreactor. The loading rates of ammonium-nitrogen, sulphate and COD were 2.08 gN/m3·d, 2.38 gS/m3·d, 104.17 gCOD/m3·d, respectively, with a N/S ratio of 1:1.14. The results demonstrated that removal rates of ammonium-nitrogen, sulphate and COD could reach 43.35%, 58.74% and 91.34%, respectively. Meanwhile, sulphur production was observed in effluent as well as molecular nitrogen in biogas, whose amounts increased with time substantially, suggesting the occurrence of simultaneous removal of ammonium-nitrogen and sulphate. This novel reaction provided the possibility to eliminate ammonium-nitrogen and sulphate simultaneously with accomplishment of COD removal from wastewater, making wastewater treatment more economical and sustainable.

Anaerobic Filter Treatment of Sulfate-Containing Wastewaters

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1283-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Parkin ◽  
M. A. Sneve ◽  
H. Loos
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Anaerobic Filter ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissolved Sulfide ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The use of anaerobic biological processes for the treatment of industrial wastewaters has significant merit. When high levels of sulfate are present, the sulfate is biologically reduced to sulfide, the result being potential toxicity to the consortia of organisms responsible for producing methane. An upflow anaerobic filter-fed propionate as a substrate was used to study the interaction between sulfate-reducing bacteria and methane-producing bacteria. Hydraulic retention times of one and two days were used, organic loading rates were varied from 3 to 5 g COD/L-day, and feed COD/S ratios were varied from 20/1 to 8/1. Unionized hydrogen sulfide and dissolved sulfide levels associated with decreased process performance were approximately 110 mg S/L and 350 mg S/L, respectively. These levels are significantly higher than those levels causing inhibition in completely mixed-reactors. Most of the sulfate reduction and propionate removal took place in the first 300 mm of the 1050-mm-long reactor, indicating that sulfate reduction and methane production were occurring in the sane location in the filter.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF COD/TN RATIO AND LOADING RATES ON PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED SBRs IN SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF ORGANIC MATTER AND NITROGEN FROM RUBBER LATEX PROCESSING WASTEWATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Duong Van Nam ◽  
Nguyen Hoai Chau ◽  
Hamasaki Tatsuhide ◽  
Dinh Van Vien ◽  
Phan Do Hung
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Anoxic Zones

Two modified sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) specially configured to consist of both oxic and anoxic zones, and be operated with only a single simultaneous oxic/anoxic phase in each treatment batch were tested to evaluate their applicability in treatment of rubber latex processing (RLP) wastewater. The former, R1 was operated with constant aeration, whereas the latter, R2 was operated with air flow varied from lower rate in the early period of the reaction phase to higher rate in the later one. Effects of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total nitrogen (TN) ratio and their loading rates on performance of the modified SBRs in simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen from RLP wastewater were investigated. It was observed that performance of the two reactors in removal of COD and ammonium nitrogen was similar, and did not remarkably change when varying COD/TN ratio, as well as COD and TN loading rates in the ranges of 3.4 – 6.0 gCOD/gN, 0.8 – 1.7 kgCOD×m-3×d-1 and 0.15 – 0.34 kgN×m-3×d-1, respectively. The average COD removal efficiencies were over 95%. Ammonium nitrogen was almost completely eliminated in both reactors with effluent concentrations lower than 1.0 mg/L. Nevertheless, TN removal efficiencies of both reactors were significantly increased with increasing the COD/TN ratio from 3.4 to 6.0, and slightly decreased when increasing the TN loading rate from 0.15 to 0.34 kgN×m-3×d-1. The most effective COD/TN ratios were in the range of 5 – 6, at which the maximal TN removal efficiencies of R1 and R2 were 92% and 97%, respectively.

Selenium Uptake by a Coal Mine Wetland Sediment

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Baldwin ◽  
Al Henry Hodaly
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Selenium Uptake ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Abstract Sediment from a wetland receiving runoff from a coal mine waste dump in the Elk River Valley of southeast British Columbia was assessed for potential selenium uptake. Selenite [SeO32-, Se(IV)] was found to adsorb to the washed sediment at pH 7 to 8, whereas no selenate [SeO42-, Se(VI)] was adsorbed, in the concentration range of 8 to 225 μg L-1 Se as selenite or selenate. Sulfate- and selenate-reducing bacterial activity was detected in the sediment. In the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria growth medium, Se as selenate was reduced from 619(±53) μg L-1 to 15(±0.7) μg L-1, and in the presence of selenate-reducing bacteria growth medium, Se as selenate was reduced from 364(±66) mg L-1 to 22(±10) mg L-1. Semi-continuous microcosms containing sediment overlaid with selenate (500 μg L-1 Se) and sulfate (0.9 g L-1) containing water were amended with plant debris from the site or nutrients (lactate and fertilizer). Potential selenate reduction rate (0.76 h-1) was highest in the unamended microcosms. Amendment with plant debris from the site had a negative effect on selenate reduction rate in the short term (after one hour) and a positive effect on Se removal in the long term (after one week). This study suggests that wetland sediments at the mine site may be important sinks for Se.

Attached versus Suspended Growth Anaerobic Reactors: Response to Toxic Substances

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 261-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Parkin ◽  
R E Speece
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Growth System

Anaerobic methane fermentation has significant potential for treatment of industrial wastewaters. Application of the process has been limited, due in part to the belief that the process cannot tolerate chronic and transient toxicity inherent in many industrial wastewaters. Experiments with cyanide, chloroform, formaldehyde, ammonium, nickel and sulfide have shown that the methanogens have the ability to recover from and acclimate to relatively high concentrations of toxicants. The key is proper attention to solids retention time. Of the two general reactor types used in biological waste treatment, attached growth systems offer two major potential advantages over suspended growth systems for treating wastewaters containing toxicants: (1) higher inherent solids retention times at relatively low hydraulic retention times and (2) the potential for a quasi plug-flow hydraulic regime that allows rapid elution of toxicants. For transient toxicity, the ability of a plug-flow, attached growth system to rapidly elute toxicants resulted in dramatically reduced down times when compared to a complete-mix, suspended growth system. For chronic toxicity, the solids retention capability of attached growth systems allows for acclimation to occur prior to washout of active biomass. Effluent recycle to plug-flow, attached growth systems should allow for more gradual exposure to chronic toxicity, thus maximizing acclimation potential.

scholarly journals Modelling simultaneous removal of trichlorfon and glucose in a hybrid bioreactor containing magnetically immobilized biomass

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Hao Chen ◽  
Hiroaki Ozaki ◽  
Yutaka Terashima
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Suspended Biomass ◽  
Immobilized Biomass

This paper focuses on a simultaneous removal of trichlorfon and glucose that was added as carbon source for degradation requirement of trichlorfon. A hybrid bioreactor, having both suspended and magnetically immobilized biomass, was used for investigating this removal of both substances. To evaluate the respective roles of these two types of biomass, a mathematical model was developed and also verified well with experimental results. It has been found that the suspended biomass plays a key role in removing both substances in the system. This is due to complete coexistence of both trichlorfon-degrading and glucose-removing bacteria completely in each type of the biomass. Such a system would be applicable to the treatment of complex industrial wastewaters that contain easily biodegradable organics as well as refractory pollutants.

scholarly journals A novel resource utilization method using wet magnesia flue gas desulfurization residue for simultaneous removal of ammonium nitrogen and heavy metal pollutants from vanadium containing industrial wastewater

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (66) ◽  
pp. 38013-38021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Fang ◽  
Xuefei Zhang ◽  
Xiangxin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollutants

A novel resource utilization method using wet magnesia flue gas desulfurization residue for the simultaneous removal of ammonium nitrogen and heavy metal pollutants from vanadium industrial wastewater was proven to be viable and effective.

Study on the Treatment of Ammona-Nitrogen Wastewater by Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
Li Na He ◽  
Hua Ye ◽  
Can Cao ◽  
Ying Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Large quantities of ammonia-nitrogen (-N) in wastewater is one of the main causes of eutrophication that endanger both natural water bodies and fresh water seriously. Thus, it is necessary to find an economic and feasible method to remove the ammonium-nitrogen in wastewater before they are returned to the environment. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation method is one of the effective technology of wastewater treatment. In this paper, the influence of initial ammonia-nitrogen concentration, pH, temperature and mole ratio of :NH+4 :Mg2+were studied, What is more, the optimum condition of this process was determined. The results indicated that ammonia-nitrogen concentration is decreased from 1434 mg/L to 95.65 mg/L, and the removal rate reached 93.33% at the optimum conditions, which laying a foundation for the following biochemical treatment.

Thermophilic bacteria present in a sample from Fumarole Bay, Deception Island

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio A. Muñoz ◽  
Patricio A. Flores ◽  
Freddy A. Boehmwald ◽  
Jenny M. Blamey
Keyword(s):  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Thermophilic Bacteria ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Ground Temperatures ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

AbstractDeception Island, an active stratovolcano located in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, provides excellent conditions for the thermophilic bacteria growth because of high ground temperatures in specific areas, such as Fumarole Bay where the temperatures are above the mesophilic range. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used with the 16S ribosomal gene to analyse cultures of thermophilic bacteria from a soil sample taken from Fumarole Bay. Nine bands were sequenced and analysed from DGGE and they indicated the presence of bacteria from the generaGeobacillus,Bacillus,Brevibacillus,Thermusand uncultured sulphate reducing bacteria. Some of which have been reported in other Antarctic geothermal sites.Geobacillus,BacillusandBrevibacillusgenera were successfully cultivated in an enriched medium. A pure culture of one thermophilicGeobacillusbacterium was obtained closely related toGeobacillus jurassicus.

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