Fate of oestrogenic compounds and identification of oestrogenicity in a wastewater treatment process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nakada ◽  
M. Yasojima ◽  
Y. Okayasu ◽  
K. Komori ◽  
H. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Instrumental Analysis ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Understanding of the fate of oestrogen and oestrogenic compounds is important in improving the removal efficiency for oestrogens in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study an attempt was made to clarify the fate of oestrogen, oestrogen sulphates, and oestrogenic compounds (synthetic oestrogen, nonylphenol and its relatives) by an instrumental analysis, and the fate of oestrogenicity by an in vitro assay. The investigation was conducted in an activated sludge WWTP in winter and summer, focusing on identification of the primary substances that induce oestrogenicity. Wastewater samples were analysed by employing the silica-gel fractionation technique in conjunction with two-step column chromatography. The results revealed that, in winter, the WWTP efficiencies for the removal of nitrogen and oestrogens decreased and the oestrone level increased with the progress of the treatment. Oestrone and oestrogenic substances are likely to circulate between the aeration tank and the final sedimentation tank. In summer, however, these compounds were effectively removed in the WWTP. The results of the column chromatography coupled with the bioassay suggested that E1 and E2 are the predominant contributors to the oestrogenicity in the influent, return sludge and effluent of the WWTP. The measurement by the instrumental analysis supported these findings.

Compact high-rate treatment of wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
H. Ødegaard ◽  
Z. Liao ◽  
E. Melin ◽  
H. Helness
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Colloidal Matter

Many cities need to build compact wastewater treatment plants because of lack of land. This paper discusses compact treatment methods. An enhanced primary treatment process based on coarse media filtration is analysed. A high-rate secondary wastewater treatment process has specifically been investigated, consisting of a highly loaded moving bed biofilm reactor directly followed by a coagulation and floc separation step. The objective with this high-rate process is to meet secondary treatment effluent standards at a minimum use of chemicals, minimum sludge production and minimum footprint. It is demonstrated that the biofilm in the bioreactor mainly deals with the soluble organic matter while coagulation deals with the colloidal matter. The bioreactor may, therefore, be designed based on the soluble COD loading only, resulting in a very compact plant when a compact biomass/floc separation reactor (i.e. flotation or direct filtration) is used. The paper reports specifically on the coagulant choice in flotation and filter run time in direct filtration.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Denitrification and Bio-Methanol Production for Sustainable Operation of Biogas Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Biogas Plants

This study was conducted to secure the sustainability of biogas plants for generating resources from food waste (FW) leachates, which are prohibited from marine dumping and have been obligated to be completely treated on land since 2013 in South Korea. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrogen load of the treatment process while producing bio-methanol using digested FW leachate diverted into wastewater treatment plants. By using biogas in conditions where methylobacter (M. marinus 88.2%) with strong tolerance to highly chlorinated FW leachate dominated, 3.82 mM of methanol production and 56.1% of total nitrogen (TN) removal were possible. Therefore, the proposed method can contribute to improving the treatment efficiency by accommodating twice the current carried-in FW leachate amount based on TN or by significantly reducing the nitrogen load in the subsequent wastewater treatment process. Moreover, the produced methanol can be an effective alternative for carbon source supply for denitrification in the subsequent process.

Fate and mass balances of triclosan (TCS), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) during the municipal wastewater treatment process

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry McPhedran ◽  
Rajesh Seth ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Shaogang Chu ◽  
Robert J. Letcher
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Detroit River

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) are impacted by down-the-drain influents of anthropogenic chemicals. These chemicals are in consumer products and include the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and antimicrobial triclosan (TCS). Characterization of the distribution of TBBPA, TCS and the TBBPA product tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) was determined at five stages along the treatment process of a typical Canadian MWTP facility. Overall, the TCS concentrations for both liquid (influents, primary effluents and final effluents (FEs)) and solid samples (primary and waste activated sludges) were similar to reported ranges in the literature. In contrast to TCS, both TBBPA and tri-BBPA concentrations were scarcely available in the literature. The TBBPA concentrations were within literature ranges for both influents and sludges, while the tri-BBPA sludge concentrations were markedly higher than a single available previous study. Mass balances for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA indicated 7, 9 and 42%, respectively, of each chemical remaining in the FEs. The resultant annual mass loadings into the Detroit River were estimated to be 3.3 kg, 6.57 g, and 21.5 g for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA, respectively.

A strategy in wastewater treatment process for significant reduction of excess sludge production

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Shiota ◽  
A. Akashi ◽  
S. Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
New Process ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Sludge Production

A novel wastewater treatment process (S-TE PROCESS®) with significantly reduced production of excess sludge has been developed. The process consists of two different stages, one for a biological wastewater treatment and the other for a thermophilic aerobic digestion of the resulting sludge. A portion of return sludge from the wastewater treatment step is injected into a thermophilic aerobic sludge digester (TASD), in which the injected sludge is solubilized by the action of thermophilic aerobic bacteria. The solubilized sludge is returned to the aeration tank in the wastewater treatment step for its further degradation. Pilot-scale facilities of the S-TE process and the conventional activated sludge process as a control, both treating the same industrial wastewater, were comparatively operated for totally 270 days. As a result, 93% reduction in overall excess sludge production was achieved in the S-TE operation. The SS solubilization rate in TASD was stable at around 30%. Only a slight increase in the effluent SS and TOC concentrations was observed compared with those of the control facility. Otherwise the removal efficiency of TOC was approximately 95% for both plants. A full-scale plant treating domestic sewage was operated for three years, showing 75% reduction of overall excess sludge production. It was concluded that the new process was feasible.

Occurrence of nonylphenol, nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and nonylphenol carboxylic acids in wastewater in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Komori ◽  
Y. Okayasu ◽  
M. Yasojima ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
H. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Treatment Processes

Nonylphenol (NP) is known to be a byproduct of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPnEO) which are used as detergents in industry. It is important that not only NP but also NPnEO and their related substances are analysed when behaviour of NP in the wastewater treatment process is surveyed. NPnEO are biodegraded to shorter ethoxylate (EO) chain NPnEO or nonylphenol carboxylates (NPnEC) under aerobic conditions, and then biodegraded to NP under anaerobic conditions. NP is one of the suspected endocrine disruptors (ED). Moreover, shorter EO chain NPnEO has greater toxicity than longer EO chain NPnEO. We conducted a field survey of NP and its related substances in 20 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The concentrations (median) of NP and its related substances in the WWTPs' influent ranged from 0.1 to 8.3 μg/L, showing NP concentration as the same level as those previously reported. The reduction of the long EO chain NPnEO in the WWTPs was almost complete, while the removal efficiency for the short EO chain NPnEO was less significant than the long EO chain NPnEO, suggesting that the degradation rate of the short EO chain NPnEO was lower than that of the long EO chain NPnEO in the wastewater treatment processes.

Detection of unusual data in online monitoring of wastewater processing

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
T. Kanaya ◽  
K. Hirabayashi ◽  
I. Fujita ◽  
K. Tsumura
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Limit Values

A basic of process control is to understand process conditions with measuring instruments and to operate processes so as to realize target conditions. If input measured values were inaccurate, output of manipulated variables would become improper and, as a result, it would be difficult to bring the process to the desired condition. In the wastewater treatment process, thanks to the latest progress in sensor technology, numerous automatic measuring instruments have been introduced. However, because of adverse environmental conditions peculiar to the wastewater treatment process such as slime-contaminated sensing elements, long-term continuous measurement is rather difficult. We believe such disadvantages in the measurement are making automatic control of the process very difficult to achieve. Under such circumstances, we have developed a detection system for unusual data which automatically checks six items of deviation from upper and lower limit values, rate of change (too much or too little), collating data from similar measuring instruments, etc. based on the measuring data of the last 30 days. With this system, validity of the accumulated data is being checked using measuring data. Accordingly, it enables us to deal with characteristics of measuring instruments, situations of wastewater treatment plants, seasonal changes, etc. automatically. In this report, automatic methods to establish judgement criteria, structure of this detection system and logic of detection of unusual data are introduced. Furthermore, test results with the data collected from actual wastewater treatment plants are covered.

scholarly journals Pollution characteristics and fate of microfibers in the wastewater from textile dyeing wastewater treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2046-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Xu ◽  
Qingtong Hou ◽  
Yingang Xue ◽  
Yun Jian ◽  
LiPing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Textile Dyeing ◽  
Average Abundance ◽  
Final Effluent ◽  
Textile Dyeing Wastewater

Abstract Wastewater discharged from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is suspected to be a significant contributor of microplastics (MPs) to the environment, and fiber is the main shape of MPs in wastewater effluent. A typical textile industry WWTP with 30,000 tons of daily treatment capacity was sampled for microfibers at different stages of the treatment process to ascertain at what stage in the treatment process the microfibers are being removed. The average abundance of microfibers was 334.1 (±24.3) items/litre in influent, and it reduced to 16.3 (±1.2) items/litre in the final effluent with a decrease of 95.1%. Despite this large reduction we calculated that this textile industry WWTP was releasing 4.89 × 108 microfibers including microplastic fibers and non-microplastic fibers into the receiving water every day. This study showed that a modest amount of microplastics being released per litre of effluent could result in significant amounts of fibers entering the environment, despite the fact that efficient removal rates of microplastic fibers and non-microplastic fibers were achieved by this modern treatment plant when dealing with such a large volume of effluent. The fate of fibers is described during the textile industry wastewater treatment process.

Variation in water density related to pollutants removal in wastewater treatment processes and its use in explaining the working principles of the Unifed SBR

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2010-2020
Author(s):  
Liancheng Xiang ◽  
Junqi Wu ◽  
Yonghui Song ◽  
Ruixia Liu ◽  
Huibin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Tracer Tests ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Density ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process

The wastewater quality of several municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) in Beijing was studied, and the water densities of different processing units were also measured during the wastewater treatment process. The results clearly showed that the water density declined from influent to effluent of the wastewater treatment process. Meanwhile, the variation in water density had good statistical correlation with the concentrations of total organic carbon, total phosphorus, suspended solids and total solids. Furthermore, the variation in water density could be used to explain the working principles of the Unifed sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Tracer tests were conducted in the Unifed SBR to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the reactor. The experimental results showed that the variable values of water density from influent to effluent in the Fangzhuang MWTPs were greater than those caused by the temperature difference of >3 °C between the influent and the liquid in the reactor at 13 °C. Moreover, the flow regime of wastewater in the Unifed SBR was affected by the variation in water density, which may lead to stratification or a density current. Ascribed to the appearance of stratification in the Unifed SBR reactor, the water quality of the effluent could not be affected by that of the influent.

Carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen and bezafibrate - investigations on the behaviour of selected pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Strenn ◽  
M. Clara ◽  
O. Gans ◽  
N. Kreuzinger
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process

Numerous investigations in different European countries observed various pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in notable concentrations in the aquatic environment. Further determinations found the effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) to be significant sources for the entry of pharmaceutical residuals to rivers, streams and surface waters. Due to those pathways the knowledge about the elimination of these substances and their behaviour in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is elementary for protection of an intact aquatic environment. Since the sludge retention time (SRT) is the most important parameter for the design of STPs, its influence on the reduction rate of these PhACs in the wastewater treatment process was investigated. To study this influence of the SRT on the elimination of PhACs, lab scale plants have been operated with different sludge retention times. The results of the laboratory experiments have been validated analysing various STPs within a wide capacity range and operating at different SRTs. This report describes the determinations observed on the antiepileptic drug Carbamazepine, the two antiphlogistics and analgesics Diclofenac and Ibuprofen and the lipid regulator Bezafibrate.

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