Improving the start-up of an EBPR system using OUR to control the aerobic phase length: a simulation study

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guisasola ◽  
M. Pijuan ◽  
J.A. Baeza ◽  
J. Carrera ◽  
J. Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Measured Variable ◽  
Technical Limitation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
On Line ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Phase Length

The enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process is based on enriching the sludge with polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) which are scarce in conventional non-EBPR wastewater treatment plant sludge. Hence, the start-up of EBPR systems (i.e. enriching the sludge with PAO) can be very slow and complex. A simulation study of a possible improvement of the start-up of an EBPR system in a sequencing batch reactor is presented in this work. The improvement is based on reducing the length of the aerobic phase so that it coincides with the depletion of orthophosphate from the medium. This improvement, though verified by simulation to be very successful, requires a good on-line orthophosphate sensor. To avoid this technical limitation, a link between oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurements and orthophosphate presence is proposed. This link allows the control of the aerobic phase length with OUR as a measured variable and, consequently, a considerable improvement with respect to the conventional fixed aerobic phase length operation. An improvement of 95% in the ratio of PAO to heterotrophs and an increase of 30% in the final amount of PAO in sludge is achieved with this control strategy. The kinetic mod for simulations was a modification of the Activated Sludge Model 2d.

Phosphorus release and uptake during start-up of a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor with separate feeding of VFA and sulfate

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wu ◽  
T. Hao ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
H. K. Chui ◽  
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

This study explored a sulfur cycle-associated biological phosphorus (P) removal process in a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with volatile fatty acid (VFA) and sulfate separately. During the 60-day start-up, both phosphate release and uptake rates increased, while poly-phosphate cyclically increased and decreased accordingly. The P-release and P-uptake rates were associated with VFA uptake and sulfate reduction. The average ratio of potassium to phosphate during the P-uptake and P-release was also determined to be 0.29–0.31 mol K/mol P, which is close to a reported value (0.33) for biological phosphorus removal. All this evidence confirmed there was biological P removal in this reactor, in which metabolism could be different from conventional biological P removal.

SBR Technology Used for Advanced Combined Municipal and Tannery Wastewater Treatment with High Receiving Water Standards

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Banas ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
W. Styka ◽  
J. Trela
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Plant Operation

The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Nowy Targ, Poland, is the largest in Europe based on classical sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology. The plant was completed in April 1995 as one of the essential elements in a program for the protection of the water quality in the Czorsztyn Reservoir. The process technology was designed for application to a typical municipal wastewater with a separate unit to treat tannery wastewater containing chromium. Experience from plant operation showed that the municipal wastewater inflow to the WWTP included tannery wastewater with increasing chromium concentrations, caused by poor wastewater management in the city. The average value in the influent was around 3 mg Cr/l (1996-1997) and showed an increasing trend. Investigations were focused on identification of the factors affecting the process performance. In this paper, evaluation of the treatment efficiency and process performance during 2 years of plant operation is presented, including studies of nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. A cycle analysis was performed to investigate the reduction of different parameters during different phases of a cycle. Results of a sludge activity study based on OUR, AUR and NUR tests are presented and discussed.

Nutrient sensor based real-time on-line process control of a wastewater treatment plant using recirculation

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Balslev ◽  
A. Lynggaard-Jensen ◽  
C. Nickelsen
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Process ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

A new generation of sensors for on-line measurement of nitrate, ammonium and phosphorus has been used for process control in a pilot-scale plant. The pilot plant is designed for nitrogen removal using the recirculation principle for pre-denitrification. It has been shown that the supply of oxygen and recirculation of activated sludge to the denitrification tank can be controlled directly by a simple control routine using an on-line measurement of nitrate and ammonium in the aeration tank. There is potential for implementing biological phosphorus removal, when the level of nitrate in the recirculated sludge can be monitored on-line.

Cold Climate Sequencing Batch Reactor Biological Phosphorus Removal – Results 1991-92

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marklund
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Time ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

The aeration tank in a small scale wastewater treatment plant was converted to a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a maximum volume of approx. 27 m3. The main purpose of this study was to examine low temperature biological phosphorus removal (BPR). The wastewater temperature varied during the study between 3 and 8°C, with a water temperature at or below 5°C during 7 months of the year. The SBR unit has been in operation from the end of 1989, the study period discussed here covered July 1991 - December 1992. SBR cycle time was varied between 6 and 12 hours, giving a total daily treatment capacity of between 18 and 36 m3. The influent biological oxygen demand - 7 days (BOD7) levels varied between 88 and 165 mg/l. Corresponding phosphorus levels were between 3.10 and 9.55 mg/l The mean effluent level of phosphorus was 1.57 mg/l and the BOD7 value was 23 mg/l. This gives a mean total phosphorus reduction of 74% and a BOD7 reduction of 81 %. During the study, mean supernatant suspended solids (SS) levels were quite high, at around 36 mg/l. This high SS level contributed a major part of both outlet phosphorus as well as BOD7 value. Effluent soluble values for phosphorus and BOD7 were 0.79 mg/l and 9 mg/l. The supernatant SS component of BOD7 and phosphorus increased at lower temperatures. It was not possible to reduce or balance this increase by increased cycle time or increased settling time within the maximum cycle time available (12 hours). Stable low supernatant phosphorus and BOD7 levels are thus to a large degree controlled by the effluent SS level. A maximum of 20 mg/l supernatant SS is necessary to reach target supernatant values of less than 1 mg/l of phosphorus and 15 mg/l of BOD7.

An on-line optimisation of a SBR cycle for carbon and nitrogen removal based on on-line pH and OUR: the role of dissolved oxygen control

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Puig ◽  
Ll. Corominas ◽  
A. Traore ◽  
J. Colomer ◽  
M.D. Balaguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Ph Profile ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Control ◽  
On Line

A pilot plant sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was applied in a wastewater treatment plant treating urban wastewater focused on carbon and nitrogen removal. From an initial predefined step-feed cycle definition, the evolution of the on-line monitored pH and calculated oxygen uptake rate (OUR) were analysed in terms of knowledge extraction. First, the aerobic phases of the SBR cycle were operated using an On/Off dissolved oxygen (DO) control strategy that concluded with a sinusoidal pH profile that made detecting the “ammonia valley” difficult. After changing to fuzzy logic control of the dissolved oxygen and by adding an air flow meter to the pilot plant, the pH evolution and on-line calculated OUR showed a clearer trend during the aerobic phases. Finally, a proposed algorithm for adjusting the aerobic phases of the SBR for carbon and ammonia removal is presented and discussed.

Winery effluent treatment at an anaerobic hybrid USBF pilot plant under normal and abnormal operation

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Molina ◽  
G. Ruiz-Filippi ◽  
C. García ◽  
E. Roca ◽  
J.M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Start Up ◽  
On Line ◽  
Liquid Phase Composition ◽  
Abnormal Operation

A 1.1 m3 hybrid USBF fully instrumented pilot plant has been used for the treatment of diluted wine for four years. In this work, the performance of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) during start up and operation (normal operation and overload experiments) is shown. A complete description of the treatment process behaviour (gas and liquid phase composition and anaerobic sludge characteristics) is given by on-line and off-line monitoring of 28 process variables. The results presented here demonstrate the reliability of this technology for the treatment of wastewater from seasonal processes, such as winery wastewaters, during a long period of time (four years). Furthermore, the USBF reactor presented very short start up periods after short and long shut down of the WWTP and rapidly turned back to normal operation after suffering a complete destabilization due to organic overload. Both effluent and biogas were of good quality. Dissolved organic carbon concentration in the effluent was always lower than 100 mg DOC l−1 under normal operation, while methane concentration in the biogas was in the range 70–74%, making it suitable for energy recovering.

scholarly journals Identity and Ecophysiology of Uncultured Actinobacterial Polyphosphate-Accumulating Organisms in Full-Scale Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 4076-4085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhong Kong ◽  
Jeppe Lund Nielsen ◽  
Per Halkjær Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

ABSTRACT Microautoradiography combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (MAR-FISH) was used to screen for potential polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO) in a full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) plant. The results showed that, in addition to uncultured Rhodocyclus-related PAO, two morphotypes hybridizing with gene probes for the gram-positive Actinobacteria were also actively involved in uptake of orthophosphate (Pi). Clone library analysis and further investigations by MAR-FISH using two new oligonucleotide probes revealed that both morphotypes, cocci in clusters of tetrads and short rods in clumps, were relatively closely related to the genus Tetrasphaera within the family Intrasporangiaceae of the Actinobacteria (93 to 98% similarity in their 16S rRNA genes). FISH analysis of the community biomass in the treatment plant investigated showed that the short rods (targeted by probe Actino-658) were the most abundant (12% of all Bacteria hybridizing with general bacterial probes), while the cocci in tetrads (targeted by probe Actino-221) made up 7%. Both morphotypes took up Pi aerobically only if, in a previous anaerobic phase, they had taken up organic matter from wastewater or a mixture of amino acids. They could not take up short-chain fatty acids (e.g., acetate), glucose, or ethanol under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. The storage compound produced during the anaerobic period was not polyhydroxyalkanoates, as for Rhodocyclus-related PAO, and its identity is still unknown. Growth and uptake of Pi took place in the presence of oxygen and nitrate but not nitrite, indicating a lack of denitrifying ability. A survey of the occurrence of these actinobacterial PAO in 10 full-scale EBPR plants revealed that both morphotypes were widely present, and in several plants more abundant than the Rhodocyclus-related PAO, thus playing a very important role in the EBPR process.

Research on the Fast Start-up of Anaerobic-Aerobic-Anoxic-Aerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1013-1016
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yue Xu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start

Abstract. The paper aims to study the fast start-up of anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor, with domestic sewage as treating object, to solve the problem of SBR that can be used for denitrification or dephosphorization independently and to realize simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a single SBR system. Phosphorus accumulating organisms were enriched at the anaerobic condition for 2h/aerobic for 3h after activated sludge were inoculated. Then denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms were enriched by inserting an anoxic phase into the aerobic phase. The lengths of anaerobic time, anoxic time and aerobic time were adjusted and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect of (AO)2SBR system were observed. The (AO)2SBR system was started successfully with 80d of training and domesticating. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect was performed preferably at the condition of anaerobic(2h)-aerobic(1.5h)-anoxic(1.5h)-aerobic(0.5h). The removal rate of COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP reached 90%, 97%, 88% and 92% respectively. And 33% of energy was saved when aerobic time was shortened from 3h to 2h, while the treating effect dropped off rarely. The results show that (AO)2SBR is applicable for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and the effluent water quality meets the first level B criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant(GB 18918-2002). The system can also reach the aim of saving energy and providing theoretical basis for the nitrogen and phosphorus removal in single SBR systems.

Strategies for improvement of sludge quality and process performance of sequencing batch reactor plant treating municipal and tannery wastewater

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kabacinski ◽  
B. Hultman ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
J. Trela
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Process Technology

Advanced process technology has been implemented at newly built wastewater treatment plants in Central and Eastern Europe. The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Nowy Targ, Poland, the largest in Europe based on sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology, has shown that newly constructed plants must be integrated into the system of water, wastewater, and sludge management in the city and the region. A significant supply of tannery wastewater with increasing chromium concentrations in the influent to the WWTP has resulted in many operational problems related mainly to sludge treatment. Evaluation of the process performance and sludge handling for 2 years of plant operation is presented. Efficient biological phosphorus removal with concentrations lower than 1 mg/l in effluent is obtained. Nitrogen removal is characterised by a low nitrification rate and a high denitrification rate. Problems with sludge handling are related to high excess sludge production, insufficient sludge stabilisation, low sludge dewatering efficiency and high chromium content in the sludge. Different strategies for sludge handling improvement are discussed. Sludge should be treated as a resource, which is recirculating in an eco-cycle with recovery of nutrients and energy. Such a process is proposed for the WWTP in Nowy Targ.

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