A new installation for treatment of road runoff: up-flow filtration by porous polypropylene media

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.C. Lee ◽  
S. Matsui ◽  
Y. Shimizu ◽  
T. Matsuda ◽  
Y. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
New Device ◽  
Storm Drainage ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Drainage Pipe ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Paved Road

We installed a new device on a paved road to treat runoff from a roadway surface. All the stormwater runoff was transferred into the device and the runoff equivalent to 10mm/hr or less was treated. The treatment method consists of sedimentation and up-flow filtration with porous polypropylene (PPL) processes. The treated runoff was discharged into the existing storm drainage pipe. The average removal efficiency of the initial runoff at the beginning of rainfall which has high pollution intensity was about 90% for SS, about 70% for COD, about 40% for total phosphorus (T-P), about 80% for Pb and Cd, about 70% for Zn, Cu, Mn and Cr, and about 60% for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The overall removal efficiencies of the experiment that ran for four months remained >60% of SS, >40% of COD, >60% of heavy metals, and >40% of PAHs. The PPL is excellent for removing smaller size particulates of suspended solids, which originate basically from diesel exhaust, as well as larger size particulates from automobile tires, asphalt roads, and other accumulated source(s) of clay and sand, etc.

Variation in PAH patterns in road runoff

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2699-2705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupak Aryal ◽  
Hiroaki Furumai ◽  
Fumiyuki Nakajima ◽  
Simon Beecham
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Toxicity Identification Evaluation ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Identification Evaluation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Toxicity Equivalency Factor ◽  
Toxicity Identification

Twelve particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in the first flush regime of road runoff during nine events in Winterthur in Switzerland. The total PAH contents ranged from 17 to 62 μg/g. The PAH patterns measured at different time intervals during the first flush periods were very similar within each event irrespective of variation in suspended solids (SS) concentration within the first flush regime. However, the PAH patterns were different from event to event. This indicates that the environment plays an important role in PAH accumulation in SS. A toxicity identification evaluation approach using a toxicity equivalency factor (TEF) was applied to compare toxicities in the different events. The TEFs were found to be between 8 and 33 μg TEQ g−1 (TEQ: toxic equivalent concentration). In some cases, two events having similar total PAH contents showed two fold toxicity differences.

Evaluation of effectiveness of a new treatment method for healing infected wounds: an animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-322
Author(s):  
Alexandr A Basov ◽  
Sergey R Fedosov ◽  
Vadim V Malyshko ◽  
Anna A Elkina ◽  
Oxana M Lyasota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
New Device ◽  
Infected Wounds ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Wound Healing Time

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a new treatment method in healing superficial infected wounds compared with surgical debridement with chlorhexidine solution. Method: In this animal model, two wounds were created on the back of 10 male adult rabbits. Wounds treated by Method 1 were debrided using 0.02% chlorhexidine aqueous solution and an antibiotic topical ointment. Wounds treated by Method 2 wounds were treated using a newly developed device which enabled visual monitoring of the wound as it was treated with various pharmacological solutions (including antiseptic, antiseptic oxidant and an osmotically active agent) specifically formulated for each wound healing stage. Wound area size (using digital planimetry) and time taken to clean the wound were recorded, and biopsies were taken, at the beginning of the study and at various timepoints throughout. Result: It was observed that both wound cleaning and wound healing were accelerated by treatment with method 2 compared with method 1 (by 43.8% and 36.7%, respectively). There were also a significantly smaller number of complications in these wounds [p=0.0044] due to the positive ratios of neutrophils and fibroblasts in the wound cavities (from the third to the fourteenth day after wound modelling). Conclusion: Wounds treated with the new device in method 2 had a shorter wound healing time than wounds treated with a traditional method. The automated influx–outflow of solutions removed any fragments of necrotic tissue from the wound surface. Wounds were able to be monitored without the need to remove dressings. The transparent, airtight film, which allowed for wound monitoring without the need to remove dressings, meant that suturing was not required. This resulted in no complications in the wounds treated by this new method.

Application of Soil Washing Treatment Method for the Remediation of Petroleum Polluted Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 476-501
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Evuti Mohammed ◽  
Kamoru Adio Salam ◽  
Silas Shamaye Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detergent Concentration ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Percentage Removal

The increasing contamination of soil by petroleum products has been a great source of concern to our society because of its negative consequences on the environment. Thus, several remediation technologies and trials have been propounded for a crude oil-polluted environment. This chapter reviews the dynamics of pollutants in the soil and the various treatment technologies for petroleum-polluted soils viz physico-chemical, thermal, and biological treatment methods. Authors experimented on soil washing using detergent for the remediation of petroleum contaminated soils considering different concentrations. The percentage removal of aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The highest percentage removal efficiencies of 97.55% and 61.41% for aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons were obtained at detergent concentration of 20w/v% respectively.

The reliability of radiocarbon dates of different carbon fractions in the Australian tropical savannas: A case study from Sanamere Lagoon, northeast Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rivera-Araya ◽  
Michael Bird ◽  
Cassandra Rowe ◽  
Sean Ulm ◽  
Vladimir Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Tropical Lake ◽  
Tropical Lakes ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<p>The selection and pre-treatment of a reliable organic fraction from which to acquire radiocarbon dates is fundamental to obtain accurate chronologies. Sampling from tropical lakes is particularly challenging given the adverse preservation conditions and diagenesis in these environments. Our research is the first to examine and quantify the differences between the radiocarbon date results from different carbon fractions and pretreatments from the same depths from a tropical lake sediment core (1.72 m long) located in north Australia to assess which one(s) are more reliable. Six different organic fractions (bulk organics, pollen concentrate, cellulose, stable polycyclic aromatic carbon (SPAC), charcoal >250 um and charcoal >63 um), for a total of 27 radiocarbon dates, were compared in six different depths along the core. Acid-base-acid (ABA), modified ABA (30 % hydrogen peroxide + ABA), 2chlorOx (a novel cellulose pre-treatment method) and hydrogen pyrolysis (hypy) were used to pre-treat the correspondent organic fractions. The oldest date is 31,295 calibrated years before present (cal yr BP) and the youngest is 2,048 cal yr BP, spanning 29,247 years. The smallest offset between the minimum and the maximum age in a given depth was found to be 975 years (between SPAC and charcoal >63 um) and the largest 16,527 years (between pollen concentrate and SPAC). The SPAC fractions pre-treated with hypy consistently yielded older ages compared to all other fraction in most cases, while bulk organics yielded consistently younger ones. The magnitude and consistency of the offsets and the physical and chemical properties of the tested organic fractions suggest that SPAC is the most reliable fraction to date in tropical lake sediments and that hypy successfully removes contamination sourced from exogenous carbon.</p>

scholarly journals Evolution of surgical management for scoliosis with endocorrectors

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
V. N. Shubkin ◽  
R. R. Gatiatulin ◽  
T. V. Boldireva ◽  
V. M. Myasoedov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Orthopaedic Clinic ◽  
New Device ◽  
Medical Academy

The stages of the development of surgical treatment for scoliosis with endocorrectors in traumatologic and orthopaedic Clinic of Krasnoyarsk Medical Academy are retraced. The treatment method with use of perfected design of Rodnyansky-Gupalov endocorrector is described. It is shown that new device allows to avoid the majority complications that occur when previously endocorrectors have been used as well as to preserve the achieved deformity correction at longterm follow up after operation. The data on 59 patients with II-III degree scoliosis are presented.

scholarly journals Environmental Forensic Techniques in Identifying the Sources of 16 USEPA Priority Pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) at the Langat River, Selangor, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.14) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Nurul Afiqah Mohamd Tahir ◽  
Hafizan Juahir ◽  
Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria ◽  
Sharifuddin Md Zain ◽  
Ananthy Retnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wood Combustion ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Langat River ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detector ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
Boat Traffic ◽  
High Pollution

Twenty-two surface sediment samples were collected from the Langat River, Selangor, Malaysia in January 2010. The concentration of 16 USEPA priority PAHs were determined and quantified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). The 16 PAHs concentration ranged from 37.91 to 299.68 ng/g dry weight and are within low to moderate pollution range. Cluster analysis showed that SL08, SL09, SL10, SL15 and SL22 can be discriminated as having high pollution loading PAHs due to industrialized region and shipping boat traffic. In this work, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and PCA association with Multiple Linear Regressions (PCA-MLR) to identify and apportion possible sources of PAHs. Three sources of PAHs were identified: (1) traffic emission (91.57%); (2) coal or wood combustion (6.63%); and (3) spillage of petroleum based products (1.80%). Langat River is highly contaminated by PAHs from pyrogenic sources, in particular 4 rings PAHs (28.87-79.52%) and 5 to 6 rings PAHs (2.69-57.44%).  

Treatment of road runoff by coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nyström ◽  
K. Nordqvist ◽  
I. Herrmann ◽  
A. Hedström ◽  
M. Viklander
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Metal Reduction ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rain Events

Abstract A laboratory investigation of the treatment potential of a coagulation process in the context of stormwater treatment was undertaken. The initial 25 L road runoff generated from four rain events was collected and subjected to a jar-testing regime with two commercial coagulants. The treatment effect was assessed by analysing the runoff before and after treatment for turbidity, suspended solids and metal content. The coagulation process resulted in particle and total metal reduction of more than 90% compared to 40% for only sedimentation. Up to 40% reduction of dissolved Cr, Cu and Pb was also observed compared to 0% for sedimentation. This study shows that coagulation may be a useful process for stormwater treatment systems when the treatment requirements are high.

Distribution of Organic Contaminants in Water and Suspended Solids of the Rainy River

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Merriman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Water and suspended solid samples were collected in 1986 at three stations on the Rainy River and from the final effluents of two bleached kraft pulp and paper mills discharging into the river. A wide range of organic contaminants were analysed, including organochlorine pesticides (OCs), total PCBs, chlorobenzenes (CBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorophenols (CPs). Suspended solids were also analysed for dioxins and furans. Analysis of the data indicated that for the most part, compounds were below the detection limit at the upstream end of the river. High levels of PCBs, dioxins, furans, CPs and PAHs were found in mill effluents, which resulted in some elevated concentrations in the Rainy River downstream of the mills. At the downstream end of the river, there was no impact evident for the compounds analysed.

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