Lessons learned from investigations on case study level for modelling of nutrient emissions in the Danube basin

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schilling ◽  
H. Behrendt ◽  
A. Blaschke ◽  
S. Danielescu ◽  
G. Dimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Nutrient Emissions

In the framework of the project daNUbs (Nutrient Management in the Danube Basin and its Impact on the Black Sea) the MONERIS emission model is used for the basin wide calculation of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) emissions in the Danube Basin. The MONERIS model was developed and successfully applied for German river catchments. Based on investigations in selected test regions (case studies) the daNUbs approach is to check the applicability of the MONERIS emission model for the specific conditions of the Danube Basin in more detail than is possible with a basin wide application. Six case studies with areas of 400–3,500 km2 and several subcatchments have been selected in order to represent different conditions along the Danube Basin. In this study region intensive data collection and enhanced monitoring has been performed in order to raise the database significantly above the generally available data. Water balance as well as nutrient balance calculations have been performed with the MONERIS model as well as with other approaches. Results are compared to each other and to data from monitoring. Results up till now showed the applicability and sensitivity of the MONERIS approach in different conditions of the Danube Basin (e.g. emissions via groundwater). They indicated that the nitrogen retention in the catchments is well described with the MONERIS model.

Materials Accounting as a Policy Tool for Nutrient Management in the Danube Basin

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Lampert ◽  
P. H. Brunner
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Efficient Measures

Nutrient management has to consider both: Nutrients as essential elements for the biosphere with limited resources and nutrients as potential environmental pollutants (eutrophication, groundwater-deterioration). Materials Accounting techniques enable to describe and quantify the metabolism of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in large river Basins, such as the Danube Basin. By knowing the sources and pathways of nutrients it is possible (i) to identify the key causes of pollution problems and (ii) to point out inefficient use of the limited resource “nutrients”. Additionally, it is possible to design efficient measures based on nutrient balances. Materials Accounting observes the changes of stocks within a time interval. Therefore, it allows the early recognition of the accumulation and depletion of harmful substances (e.g. Nitrate in the groundwater) or of limited resources (e.g. P in topsoils) in the environment. In combination with scenario development Materials Accounting has a high predictive power. There is a substantial difference in designing the most efficient measures for reducing nutrient inputs or to optimise the use of limited resources in the entire Danube Basin and in individual countries.

Global implementation of two shared socioeconomic pathways for future sanitation and wastewater flows

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. T. M. van Puijenbroek ◽  
A. F. Bouwman ◽  
A. H. W. Beusen ◽  
P. L. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Emissions ◽  
Sewage Systems

Households are an important source of nutrient loading to surface water. Sewage systems without or with only primary wastewater treatment are major polluters of surface water. Future emission levels will depend on population growth, urbanisation, increases in income and investments in sanitation, sewage systems and wastewater treatment plants. This study presents the results for two possible shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). SSP1 is a scenario that includes improvement of wastewater treatment and SSP3 does not include such improvement, with fewer investments and a higher population growth. The main drivers for the nutrient emission model are population growth, income growth and urbanisation. Under the SSP1 scenario, 5.7 billion people will be connected to a sewage system and for SSP3 this is 5 billion. Nitrogen and phosphorus emissions increase by about 70% under both SSP scenarios, with the largest increase in SSP1. South Asia and Africa have the largest emission increases, in the developed countries decrease the nutrient emissions. The higher emission level poses a risk to ecosystem services.

Retention and Losses of Nutrients in the Hydrosphere of Austria

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zessner ◽  
H. Kroiss
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Surface Water Runoff

A nutrient balance study showed a big difference between estimated emissions into the surface waters of the Danube Basin and the measured loads that enter the Danube Delta and the Black Sea. That means the emission estimations are wrong, the measured loads are wrong or retention and losses of nutrients in the hydrosphere are of decisive importance. An interpretation of water quality monitoring of the Danube at Vienna from about 400 days and the comparison of emissions from 12 (sub-) catchment areas of Austrian Danube tributaries and measured loads in these rivers, underline the importance of retention and losses of nutrients in the hydrosphere and increase the understanding of the relevant processes, even a lot of questions remain, and quantification of some processes on regional scale is not possible yet. Nevertheless, as an overall summary it can be concluded, that a high average area specific surface water runoff assists transport of nutrients in the hydrosphere. Respectively the importance of retention and losses increases with decreasing area specific runoff.

scholarly journals Numerical studies on the dynamics of the Northwestern Black Sea shelf

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KOURAFALOU ◽  
K. TSIARAS ◽  
J. STANEVA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Shelf Dynamics

The Northwestern Black Sea shelf dynamics are studied with numerical simulations based on the Princeton Ocean Model. The study focus is on buoyancy and wind driven flows and on the transport and fate of low salinity waters that are introduced through riverine sources (the Danube, Dnestr and Dnepr Rivers), under the seasonal changes in atmospheric forcing. The study is part of the DANUBS project (NUtrient management in the DAnube basin and its impact on the Black Sea). The numerical simulations show that the coastal circulation is greatly influenced by river runoff and especially that of the Danube, which is dominant with monthly averaged values ranging from 5,000 m3 to 10,000 m3. The transport of low-salinity waters associated with the Danube runoff is greatly influenced by wind stress, topographic effects and basin-scale circulation patterns, such as changes in the position of the Rim Current.

scholarly journals Monitoring, Modeling and Management of Water Quality

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Matthias Zessner
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Nutrient Emissions

In this special issue, we are able to present a selection of high-level contributions showing the manifold aspects of the monitoring, modeling, and management of water quality. Monitoring aspects range from cyanobacteria in water using spectrophotometry via wide-area water quality monitoring and exploiting unmanned surface vehicles, to using sentinel-2 satellites for the near-real-time evaluation of catastrophic floods. Modeling ranges from small scale approaches by deriving a Bayesian network for assessing the retention efficacy of riparian buffer zones, to national scales with a modification of the MONERIS (Modeling Nutrient Emissions in River Systems) nutrient emission model for a lowland country. Management is specifically addressed by lessons learned from the long-term management of a large (re)constructed wetland and the support of river basin management planning in the Danube River Basin.

Groundwater protection and diffuse nitrogen emissions to surface waters – which catchment areas have to be considered?

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
C. Schilling ◽  
M. Zessner ◽  
A.P. Blaschke ◽  
D. Gutknecht ◽  
H. Kroiss
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Catchment Areas

Two Austrian case study regions within the Danube basin have been selected for detailed investigations of groundwater and surface water quality at the catchment scale. Water balance calculations have been performed using the conceptual continuous time SWAT 2000 model to characterise catchment hydrology and to identify individual runoff components contributing to river discharge. Nitrogen emission calculations have been performed using the empirical emission model MONERIS to relate individual runoff components to specific nitrogen emissions and for the quantification of total nitrogen emissions to surface waters. Calculated total nitrogen emissions to surface waters using the MONERIS model were significantly influenced by hydrological conditions. For both catchments the groundwater could be identified as major emission pathway of nitrogen emissions to the surface waters. Since most of the nitrogen is emitted by groundwater to the surface water, denitrification in groundwater is of considerable importance reducing nitrogen levels in groundwater along the flow path towards the surface water. An approach was adopted for the grid-oriented estimation of diffuse nitrogen emissions based on calculated groundwater residence time distributions. Denitrification in groundwater was considered using a half life time approach. It could be shown that more than 90% of the total diffuse nitrogen emissions were contributed by areas with low groundwater residence times and short distances to the surface water. Thus, managing diffuse nitrogen emissions the location of catchment areas has to be considered as well as hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, which significantly influence denitrification in the groundwater and reduce nitrogen levels in groundwater on the flow path towards the surface water.

scholarly journals Using Commercial Physical Activity Trackers for Health Promotion Research: Four Case Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy ◽  
Danielle E. Jake-Schoffman ◽  
Camelia Singletary ◽  
Marquivieus Wright ◽  
Anthony Crimarco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Sensewear Armband ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Tracking Devices

Background. Wearable physical activity (PA) trackers are becoming increasingly popular for intervention and assessment in health promotion research and practice. The purpose of this article is to present lessons learned from four studies that used commercial PA tracking devices for PA intervention or assessment, present issues encountered with their use, and provide guidelines for determining which tools to use. Method. Four case studies are presented that used PA tracking devices (iBitz, Zamzee, FitBit Flex and Zip, Omron Digital Pedometer, Sensewear Armband, and MisFit Flash) in the field—two used the tools for intervention and two used the tools as assessment methods. Results. The four studies presented had varying levels of success with using PA devices and experienced several issues that impacted their studies, such as companies that went out of business, missing data, and lost devices. Percentage ranges for devices that were lost were 0% to 29% and was 0% to 87% for those devices that malfunctioned or lost data. Conclusions. There is a need for low-cost, easy-to-use, accurate PA tracking devices to use as both intervention and assessment tools in health promotion research related to PA.

scholarly journals Intervening alcohol marketing to reduce harmful alcohol use and lessons learned from the theory of changes: case studies in Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 100116
Author(s):  
Paibul Suriyawongpaisal ◽  
Sawitri Assanangkornchai ◽  
Udomsak Saengow ◽  
Ignacio J. Martinez Moyano ◽  
Roengrudee Patanavanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Marketing
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