Influence of operational conditions on biofilm specific activity of an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. García-Morales ◽  
L.I. Romero ◽  
D. Sales
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Bed Expansion

A key parameter in water and wastewater treatment technology is the biomass activity in terms of substrate removal ability. The effects of organic load rate and percentage of bed expansion on biofilm specific methanogenic activity were determined in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor treating wine-distillery wastes in the thermophilic range (55°C). The proposed activity tests are highly reproducible: an experiment with three identical tests has shown that the standard deviation with respect to the mean values is less than 3%. Specific tests are applied to measure the maximum methanogenic activities of the biomass carrier in lab-scale anaerobic biofilm reactors. These tests have been successfully applied for monitoring the support colonization process and the evolution of biofilm activity in reactors, anaerobic filter and fluidized bed, with different operating conditions. The results show a dependence between the percentage of bed expansion and the specific activity of methanogenic microbiote on biofilm. There is a relationship between the percentage of bed expansion, the shear stress on the biofilm and the hydrodynamic conditions in the system. Initial biofilm detachment can be compensated with the increase of biomass and of its activity due to the reduction of the substrate diffusional limitations to the microorganism growth inside the support pores.

Design and Startup of an Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Marín ◽  
D. Alkalay ◽  
L. Guerrero ◽  
R. Chamy ◽  
M. C. Schiappacasse
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Bed Expansion

A 10 1 anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) was designed and constructed, using beach sand as the solid support for the biomass. Considering the complexity of this type of system, previously to the startup, several experiences were performed in a series of minireactors, such as: determination of the bed expansion and the feed distribution. The startup was made increasing gradually the organic load rate (OLR), using the alkalinity ratio (α) and the removal of the organic load, as mg/l of COD, as leading parameters. The system attained a COD removal of over 85%, for an OLR of 3.4 [kg COD/m3·d]. The best removal of 92% was obtained at an OLR of 1.04 [kg COD/m3·d], with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 hours. The best gas production of 1.8 [m3 of biogas/m3·d], equivalent to a production of 0.16 [m3/kg CODremoved], was obtained at an (HRT) of 4.8 hours. The best startup results were obtained using Ethanol as the Carbon source.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM SUGARCANE VINASSE IN AN ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR WITHOUT PH CONTROL

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Georgia Gois ◽  
Williane Macêdo ◽  
Fernanda Santana Peiter ◽  
Taciana Chaves ◽  
Vinícius Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Sugarcane Vinasse

This study aimed to produce biohydrogen from sugarcane vinasse in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor operated at ambient temperature (26-35 °C) with a progressive increase of the organic load rate (OLR) (17-155 kg-COD m-3 d-1) and without influent pH control. Hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 12, 6 and 4 h were applied to increase the OLR. The highest hydrogen yield, hydrogen production rate and percentage of hydrogen in the biogas were obtained in the HRT of 4 h, corresponding to the values of 2.40 mol-H2 mol-1-carbohydrate, 0.33 L-H2 h-1 L-1-reactor, and 33%, respectively. The butyric acid fermentative route was favored in the process. The PCR/DGGE analysis showed that the microbial community structure was modified along operational stages and increasing OLR caused an increase in microbial diversity. The results indicate that biohydrogen production from anaerobic digestion of sugarcane vinasse can be achieved with no alkalization pretreatment.

Biological Treatment of Wastewater from Sugar Production Process by using Three-Phase Fluidized Bed Reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Hu ◽  
Changyi Jin ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Weixing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Internal Circulation ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Three Phase

The biodegradation of wastewater from the sugar industry is investigated in a three-phase biological fluidized bed reactor. In the inoculation experiment, the immobilized biofilm was found to keep dominant over the suspended biomass, and a stable biofilm of 175 microns thick was formed after 12 days. The continuous experiments for biodegradation of wastewater showed that, under the operation with hydraulic retention time of 3 h, the average COD and NH3-N removals reached to 85% and 80%, respectively, and the resultant effluent COD and NH3-N achieved the Chinese Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Sugar Industry (GB 21909-2008). The experiment for impact load showed that as the influent COD load changed stepwise from 2.3 to 5.1 kgCOD/m3·d, the reactor achieved the treatment effect without being affected in the performance. Finally, tracer experiments were performed to measure the internal circulation and residence time distribution (RTD) of wastewater in the reactor. It was found that the internal circulation of wastewater evidently exists in the reactor. Meanwhile, the RTD characteristics were described with the tanks-in-series model, and under the operating conditions, the calculated model parameter n was ranged from 1.19 to 1.27, which indicated that the flow pattern in the reactor is close to that in a CSTR. The internal circulation causes the organic matters in the influent to be effectively diluted within the reactor, and also promotes the organic matters to be fully degraded, so that the reactor can present high adaptability to the variation of organic load and high removal efficiency to COD and NH3-N. As a result, the biological fluidized bed reactor is suggested to be a prospective unit for the treatment of wastewater from sugar production process.

Biohydrogen production from soft drink industry wastewater in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-586
Author(s):  
V. S. Menezes ◽  
N. C. S. Amorim ◽  
W. V. Macêdo ◽  
E. L. C. Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Metabolites Production

Abstract The wastewater from carbonated soft drinks production was used as substrate in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) to evaluate the production of biohydrogen as a renewable energy. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 8 to 0.5 hours (7.92 to 137.09 kg COD m−3 day−1) throughout the experiment and expanded clay was used as support material for biomass adhesion. The average composition of hydrogen in the biogas under the conditions of this experiment was 34%. The maximum hydrogen yield (HY) and the maximum hydrogen production rate (HPR) was 5.87 mol H2/mol substrate and 2.74 L H2 h−1 L−1, respectively, obtained in the HRT of 0.5 hour. Acetic acid was the predominant soluble metabolite detected (88%). Propionic, butyric and caproic acids were quantified with low production (7%, 4% and 1% of soluble metabolites production (SMP)). The anaerobic fluidized bed reactor optimized the average of hydrogen yield by 17% in relation to packed-bed reactors, in a HRT of 0.5 h. The natural fermentation process and operating conditions were favorable to the inhibition of hydrogen-consuming organisms, such as methanogenic archaeas.

scholarly journals CARBOHYDRATE ENHANCED BIOFILM GROWTH IN ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR TREATING SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Medici Frayne Cuba ◽  
Francisco Javier Cuba Teran
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor

Biofilm dynamics in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor was studied since start-up during a 600-day operation time. Specific methanogenic activity tests revealed gas production by the anaerobic biomass since 30th operation day. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs permitted to verify three bacterial development stages depending on the organic loading imposed to the system. Increasing of organic loading caused methanogenic specific activity depletion due to diffusion resistance through anaerobic biofilm. With maximum organic loading of 28.5 kg COD.m-3.day-1, almost 10% of the volatile solids fixed in inert particle surface were detected as polymeric extracellular material.

Influence of Seeding Conditions on Initial Biofilm Development during the Startup of Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactors

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ehlinger ◽  
J. M. Audic ◽  
G. M. Faup
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactors ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Initial Biofilm

The characterization of the biofilm of an anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor was completed under standard conditions. The distribution of the fixed protein concentration depended on the level in the reactor. The protein concentration reached 1520 µg.g−1 of support at the top of the reactor and only 1200 µg.g−1 at the bottom after 504 hours of operation but the specific activity of the biofilm was 33×10−4 µM acetate.h−1.mg−1 proteins at the bottom and only 26×10−4 µM.h−1.mg−1 at the top. The efficiency of a fluidized bed reactor and the composition of the biofilm changed with an increase of the pH from 7 to 8.5 during the seeding of the support material. Future development of the biofilm and the specific activity of the support were affected.

scholarly journals The Start-Up of Continuous Biohydrogen Production from Cheese Whey: Comparison of Inoculum Pretreatment Methods and Reactors with Moving and Fixed Polyurethane Carriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Elza R. Mikheeva ◽  
Inna V. Katraeva ◽  
Andrey A. Kovalev ◽  
Dmitriy A. Kovalev ◽  
Alla N. Nozhevnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Load Rate

This article presents the results of the start-up of continuous production of biohydrogen from cheese whey (CW) in an anaerobic filter (AF) and anaerobic fluidized bed (AFB) with a polyurethane carrier. Heat and acid pretreatments were used for the inactivation of hydrogen-scavengers in the inoculum (mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic sludge). Acid pretreatment was effective for thermophilic anaerobic sludge to suppress methanogenic activity, and heat treatment was effective for mesophilic anaerobic sludge. Maximum specific yields of hydrogen, namely 178 mL/g chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 149 mL/g COD for AFB and AF, respectively, were obtained at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4.5 days and organic load rate (OLR) of 6.61 kg COD/(m3 day). At the same time, the maximum hydrogen production rates of 1.28 and 1.9 NL/(L day) for AF and AFB, respectively, were obtained at the HRT of 2.02 days and OLR of 14.88 kg COD/(m3 day). At the phylum level, the dominant taxa were Firmicutes (65% in AF and 60% in AFB), and at the genus level, Lactobacillus (40% in AF and 43% in AFB) and Bifidobacterium (24% in AF and 30% in AFB).

scholarly journals The performance of a three-phase fluidized bed reactor in treatment of wastewater with high organic load

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Souza ◽  
I. T. L. Bresolin ◽  
T. L. Bioni ◽  
M. L. Gimenes ◽  
B. P. Dias-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Three Phase
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