Microbiological removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas by means of a separate biofilter system: experience with technical operation

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schieder ◽  
P. Quicker ◽  
R. Schneider ◽  
H. Winter ◽  
S. Prechtl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Technical Operation

The “BIO-Sulfex” biofilter of ATZ-EVUS removes hydrogen sulfide from biogas in a biological way. Hydrogen sulfide causes massive problems during power generation from biogas in a power plant, e.g. corrosion of engines and heat exchangers, and thus causes frequent and therefore expensive engine oil changes. The BIO-Sulfex module is placed between the digester and the power-plant and warrants a cost-effective, reliable and fully biological desulfurization. In the cleaned gas concentrations of less than 100 ppm can be achieved. Power-plant manufacturers usually demand less than 500 or less than 200 ppm. At present, several plants with biogas flow rates between 20 and 350 m3/h are in operation.

Elevation of Heat Rejection Temperature in Transcritical Condensing Cycles Using CO2+Propane Mixtures

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardeep Garg ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Kandadai Srinivasan ◽  
Pradip Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance

In this paper, a detailed thermodynamic performance analysis of a transcritical condensing (TC) cycle is performed with pure CO2 and a blend of 48.5 % propane with 51.5 % CO2 as working fluids. A realistic thermodynamic model is used incorporating irreversibilities in turbo-machineries and heat exchangers. The Key finding is that the addition of propane elevates the heat rejection temperature, but does not impair any of the performance indicators. Such a fluid may be useful for power generation in concentrated solar power applications by using which a hike of up to 2 % can be realized in the thermal efficiency of a power plant.

Design of a Microfabricated Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine for Power Generation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc G. Fre´chette ◽  
Changgu Lee ◽  
Selin Arslan ◽  
Yuan-Chun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
System Level ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Heat ◽  
Overall Performance

This paper presents the system-level and component design of a micro steam turbine power plant-on-a-chip which implements the Rankine cycle for micro power generation. The microfabricated device consists of a steam turbine that drives an integrated micropump and generator. Two-phase flow heat exchangers are also integrated on-chip with the rotating components to form a complete micro heat engine unit, converting heat to electricity. The system-level design includes cycle analysis and overall performance predictions, accounting for the expected performance of miniaturized components, thermal and structural integrity of the microsystem, and system-level trade-offs for optimal overall performance. Operating principles and design studies are also presented for the core component, with emphasis on a multistage, planar, radial microturbine and a spiral groove viscous pump. Design consideration for two-phase flow heat exchangers, microbearings, seals and micro-generators are also presented. Expected power levels range from 1–12 W per chip with energy conversion efficiency in the range of 1–11%. This suggests power density of up to 12 kW/kg for this technology, which is an order of magnitude greater than competing technologies, such as thermoelectrics. This study suggests the viability of a micro Rankine power plant-on-a-chip, but also identifies critical engineering challenges that must be met for practical implementation.

scholarly journals Optimization of Aeration Technique for the Reduction of Impurities (Corrosive Gases) from Biogas

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
SMA Sujan ◽  
MS Bashar ◽  
M Rahaman ◽  
MN Haque ◽  
MY Miah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Effective Power ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Biogas, produced from organic waste through anaerobic digestion (AD), is mainly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with smaller amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitrogen (N2). Trace amount of some other gases are occasionally present in biogas. For electricity generation from biogas, reduction of H2S is necessary because it is toxic and corrosive to most of the equipments. Reduction of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) from poultry based biogas (normally it contents 1500~2500 ppm) can be done by dosing air/oxygen to the main digester during the digestion process. Two methods of air injection technique have been followed for optimization of the process. Firstly two hour interval air injection and secondly air injection based on percentage of hourly gas production. The optimum air percentage to minimize H2S should be at least 3.00%. After aeration H2S level comes to the desired level (<50ppm) within 1.5-2.0 hours and remains constant up to 7-9 hours and biogas can be used for effective power generation. A complete aeration system has been developed which is simple and cost effective for H2S reduction to the desired level from poultry based biogas plant. This system can be applied for any size of poultry based biogas plant for effective power generation. Key words: Anaerobic digestion; Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S); Aeration; Biogas digester; Power generation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9040 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 339-342

Study on the Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Biogas Biomaterial Using Water Scrubbing

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 599-603
Author(s):  
Cheng Chang Lien ◽  
Min Wei Wang ◽  
Wei Cheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Circulation Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Removal

Biogas typically refers to a mixture of primarily flammable gases produced from organic matters by means of anaerobic fermentation. Since the abundance and renewability of biomasses, biogas deserves the potential of being as an alternative to fossil energy. However, biogas may contain hydrogen sulfide which will damage the facilities, hazardous to the environment and to living beings. The objective of this study is to develop a water scrubbing system to remove hydrogen sulfide from biogas. The efficiency of hydrogen sulfide scrubbing is assured by injecting biogas into circulating water through a diffuser. The diffuser makes the passing biogas into numerous bubbles. The study carried out on combinations of various water circulation flow rates and biogas volumetric flow rates. Experimental results showed that the performance of hydrogen sulfide removal decreases as a result of increasing scrubbing time. The removal efficiency could be maintained at 47.7% with adequate additional fresh water of 10 ℓ /min. The system requires only simple operation and is cost effective and hence it is suitable for small-scale pig farms in waste processing.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING BIOMASS WITH SOLAR STIRLING SYSTEM FOR POWER GENERATION

2014 ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
C.C. Ambreesh ◽  
V.C. Aravindan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Current Scenario

To cope with the increasing needs of the energy market in current scenario and protect the environment from getting depleted, there is a necessity for a power production technology to be more efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly. Hybrid systems may provide the solution to these limitations, by maximizing the energy potential of resources, increasing the process efficiency, providing greater security of supply and reducing overall costs. This paper is a proposal to hybridize Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) stirling power plant with biomass.

scholarly journals Assessment of Energy Transition Policy in Taiwan—A View of Sustainable Development Perspectives

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4402
Author(s):  
Chun-Kai Wang ◽  
Chien-Ming Lee ◽  
Yue-Rong Hong ◽  
Kan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Adaptive Policy ◽  
Electricity Saving ◽  
Transition Policy ◽  
Development Perspective

Energy transition has become a priority for adaptive policy and measures taken in response to climate change around the world. This is an opportunity and a challenge for the Taiwan government to establish a climate-resilient power generation mixed to ensure electricity security as well as climate change mitigation. This study adopted a sustainable development perspective and applied optimal control theory to establish a cost-effective model to evaluate a long-term (2050), climate-resilient power generation mix for Taiwan. Furthermore, this study applies the STIRPAT approach to predict the demand of electricity by 2050 for the demand side management. The results not only showed the share of various power generation mixed, but also recommended the trajectory of electricity saving by 2050.

scholarly journals Use of a Big Data Analysis in Regression of Solar Power Generation on Meteorological Variables for a Korean Solar Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1776
Author(s):  
Young Seo Kim ◽  
Han Young Joo ◽  
Jae Wook Kim ◽  
So Yun Jeong ◽  
Joo Hyun Moon
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Solar Power Generation

This study identified the meteorological variables that significantly impact the power generation of a solar power plant in Samcheonpo, Korea. To this end, multiple regression models were developed to estimate the power generation of the solar power plant with changing weather conditions. The meteorological data for the regression models were the daily data from January 2011 to December 2019. The dependent variable was the daily power generation of the solar power plant in kWh, and the independent variables were the insolation intensity during daylight hours (MJ/m2), daylight time (h), average relative humidity (%), minimum relative humidity (%), and quantity of evaporation (mm). A regression model for the entire data and 12 monthly regression models for the monthly data were constructed using R, a large data analysis software. The 12 monthly regression models estimated the solar power generation better than the entire regression model. The variables with the highest influence on solar power generation were the insolation intensity variables during daylight hours and daylight time.

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