Exfiltration from gravity sewers: a pilot scale study

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vollertsen ◽  
T. Hvitved-Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Leakage Factor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Soils

Pilot-scale experiments were conducted on exfiltration of wastewater from gravity sewers. The effect of storm events, flushing of pipes and alternating infiltration/exfiltration were simulated. Exfiltration through different types of sewer leaks and into different soils were studied. It was found that the exfiltration rate became constant after some days of exfiltration. It stayed constant for the duration of the experiments, which typically spanned over some weeks. The exfiltration was governed by the development of a clogging zone at the sewer leak and could be characterized by a leakage factor. The leakage factor may then be used to estimate the risk of groundwater pollution from a sewer network.

scholarly journals Statistics of Simulated Storm Waves over Bathymetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Arnida Lailatul Latifah ◽  
Durra Handri ◽  
Ayu Shabrina ◽  
Henokh Hariyanto ◽  
E. van Groesen
Keyword(s):  
Water Waves ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Extreme Waves ◽  
Marine Structures ◽  
Wave Statistics ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper shows simulations of high waves over different bathymetries to collect statistical information, particularly kurtosis and crest exceedance, that quantifies the occurrence of exceptionally extreme waves. This knowledge is especially pertinent for the design and operation of marine structures, safe ship trafficking, and mooring strategies for ships near the coast. Taking advantage of the flexibility to perform numerical simulations with HAWASSI software, with the aim of investigating the physical and statistical properties for these cases, this paper investigates the change in wave statistics related to changes in depth, breaking and differences between long- and short-crested waves. Three different types of bathymetry are considered: run-up to the coast with slope 1/20, waves over a shoal, and deep open-water waves. Simulations show good agreement in the examined cases compared with the available experimental data and simulations. Then predictive simulations for cases with a higher significant wave height illustrate the changes that may occur during storm events.

Selective inspection planning with ageing forecast for sewer types

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Baur ◽  
R. Herz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Inspection Planning ◽  
Transition Functions ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sewer Rehabilitation ◽  
Water Profile

Investments in sewer rehabilitation must be based on inspection and evaluation of sewer conditions with respect to the severity of sewer damage and to environmental risks. This paper deals with the problems of forecasting the condition of sewers in a network from a small sample of inspected sewers. Transition functions from one into the next poorer condition class, which were empirically derived from this sample, are used to forecast the condition of sewers. By the same procedure, transition functions were subsequently calibrated for sub-samples of different types of sewers. With these transition functions, the most probable date of entering a critical condition class can be forecast from sewer characteristics, such as material, period of construction, location, use for waste and/or storm water, profile, diameter and gradient. Results are shown for the estimates about the actual condition of the Dresden sewer network and its deterioration in case of doing nothing about it. A procedure is proposed for scheduling the inspection dates for sewers which have not yet been inspected and for those which have been inspected before.

scholarly journals Effect of treatment in percolating filters on the numbers of bacteria in sewage in relation to the composition and size of filtering medium

1962 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Tomlinson ◽  
J. E. Loveless ◽  
L. G. Sear
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Industrial Research ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

For a period of a year the total count, Coli-aerogenes count and turbidity were determined on samples of sewage and effluent taken every week from pilot-scale percolating filters treating domestic sewage. The eight filters contained four types of filtering medium in two sizes.Numbers of coliform bacteria in the settled sewage were much higher during the warmer months but the total count showed no regular seasonal variation. Treatment in all the filters reduced the numbers of bacteria in both groups by over 95%. In general the reductions in numbers of bacteria and in numbers of all particles in suspension were proportional to the total area of filtering medium with which the sewage came into contact. The probability of discharging more than 10,000 coli-aerogenes per ml. ranged from 10% in the most efficient to 90 % in the least efficient filter.Experiments in which Serratia indica was added to the influent sewage showed that only 0·4 % were recovered in the settled effluent after 24 hr. Treatment in the filters had little selective action on the different types of coliform bacteria.This paper is published by permission of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.

scholarly journals Expression of different types of [FeFe]-hydrogenase genes in bacteria isolated from a population of a bio-hydrogen pilot-scale plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (17) ◽  
pp. 9018-9027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Morra ◽  
Mariaconcetta Arizzi ◽  
Paola Allegra ◽  
Barbara La Licata ◽  
Fabio Sagnelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Different Types

The Effect of Foundation Details and Soil Types on the Airborne Sound Insulation of Masonry Cavity Walls

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
C. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Loss Factor ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Strip Footing ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
Airborne Sound ◽  
Compression Stiffness ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Soils

Two important variables that affect the airborne sound insulation of cavity masonry separating walls in the field are the foundation detail and the soil type upon which the foundations are built. Vibration transmission was measured between cavity wall leaves on three different types of foundation: concrete deep trench fill, a strip footing and a strip footing with concrete infill. The results indicated that where a strip footing is used, higher sound insulation can be achieved without the concrete infill. Measurements of the dynamic properties of soils indicated significant differences between the compression stiffness per unit area and the loss factor of different soils. These different soil properties were seen to affect the airborne sound insulation of cavity walls. This explains some of the variation in airborne sound insulation between nominally identical masonry cavity separating walls in the field.

Study on purification mechanism in soil penetration facility for effluents from urban area and control strategies

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamada ◽  
D. Ujiie ◽  
K. Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Dissolved Matter ◽  
And Control

In this study, demonstration experiments for removal of pollutants from road surface runoff during storm events were carried out under natural conditions in an outdoor pilot-scale soil penetration facility. In general, soil retains suspended matter and removes dissolved matter by adsorption. However, issues such as reduced purification capacity resulting from clogging and recovery of purification capacity during periods of intermittent supply of the storm water affect the removal efficiency of pollutants. Therefore, this study aimed at clarifying purification mechanisms during storm events and understanding how the structural characteristics of the soil penetration facility affect purification capacity based on long-term continuous measurements. In addition, modeling the purification mechanism under changing characteristics of rainfall in the long-term was undertaken.

scholarly journals Pilot-scale study of a structured bed reactor for nitrogen and organic matter removal from sanitary sewage: advances and design challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e589101321560
Author(s):  
Kiemi de Brito Murata ◽  
Bruno Garcia Silva ◽  
Carla Eloísa Diniz dos Santos ◽  
Dagoberto Yukio Okada ◽  
Rafael Brito de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Total N ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) is a process that can remove both nitrogen and organic matter in a single unit. Several bench-scale studies show that the structured bed reactors (STBR) subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration have achieved a good performance for SND treating different types of wastewater. Thus, this study took a step forward and evaluated the efficiency and stability of treating domestic sewage in a pilot-scale STBR. COD removal efficiencies higher than 87% were achieved in the whole experimental period. The highest Total-N removal efficiency was approximately 74 ± 7% by adopting a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 47.2 h and intermittent aeration (2 h aerated and 1 h non-aerated). The setup of the aeration system was an important mechanism to ensure the optimal balance between nitrification and denitrification in a pilot-scale system.

scholarly journals Worldwide Status of CCUS Technologies and Their Development and Challenges in China

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Liu ◽  
P. Were ◽  
Q. Li ◽  
Y. Gou ◽  
Z. Hou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Injection Technology ◽  
Engineering Projects

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a gas injection technology that enables the storage of CO2 underground. The aims are twofold, on one hand to reduce the emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere and on the other hand to increase oil/gas/heat recovery. Different types of CCUS technologies and related engineering projects have a long history of research and operation in the USA. However, in China they have a short development period ca. 10 years. Unlike CO2 capture and CO2-EOR technologies that are already operating on a commercial scale in China, research into other CCUS technologies is still in its infancy or at the pilot-scale. This paper first reviews the status and development of the different types of CCUS technologies and related engineering projects worldwide. Then it focuses on their developments in China in the last decade. The main research projects, international cooperation, and pilot-scale engineering projects in China are summarized and compared. Finally, the paper examines the challenges and prospects to be experienced through the industrialization of CCUS engineering projects in China. It can be concluded that the CCUS technologies have still large potential in China. It can only be unlocked by overcoming the technical and social challenges.

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