Aerobic biological treatment of grease from urban wastewater treatment plants

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Canler ◽  
C. Royer ◽  
Ph. Duchène
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Operating Constraints ◽  
Operational Constraints ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

Biological grease treatment is rapidly expanding in France, with about sixty plants recorded in 1998. They are designed at a volumetric loading of 2.5 kg COD/m3 of reactor per day. Several sites have been selected for their representativity and studied. Prior to detailed monitoring over a long period, preliminary investigations provided some information on the operation of these reactors. They showed that most of them are not optimized (low removal efficiency), but have limited operational constraints given their low load. This study enabled us to assess the quantity actually skimmed from the surface of the aerated grease separator in relation to the lipids in raw sewage, and to define the precautions to be taken for sampling and analysis of grease, before any data interpretation. A detailed measurement series was then implemented. It shows the considerable value of this process for the reduction of lipids and highlights the main operational parameters in order to obtain high performance while keeping low operating constraints.

scholarly journals Efficient tetracycline removal from aqueous solutions using ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon (IL@mAC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar ◽  
Maryam Foroughi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Activated Carbon ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Poor Absorption

Abstract Tetracycline (TCy) belongs to PPCPs is such an widely used antibacterial drug, which is discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants or agricultural effluents. Due to low metabolism, poor absorption, overuse, and misuse, TCy is considered as threat to environmental and its removal from waste-water is vital. In this research, a novel ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (IL@mAC) was synthesized, characterized, and the adsorption efficiency of IL@mAC for removal of TCy was investigated under different operational parameters of pH (3–11); dose of IL@mAC (0.01–0.1 g/50 mL); reaction time (30–240 min), and initial TCy concentration (50-1500 mg/L). The IL@mAC characterization was done using XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, BET, and FTIR. Results of equilibrium experiment showed that the highest removal efficiency (~ 98%) was obtained using 0.06 g of IL@mAC in 135 min at pH 7 and temperature 303 K. Considering the correlation coefficients (R2) for different adsorption models, it can be deduced that adsorption of TCy onto IL@mAC is better followed by Langmuir (0.9977) in comparison to Freundlich (0.9412), and Temkin (0.9536) models. Furthermore, Langmuir adsorption capacity was observed to be 666.7 mg/g. The regeneration study showed that IL@mAC retained around 85% TCy adsorption efficiency after 6th cycle. Finally, the present study indicates that the IL@mAC is of a high applicability and has extremely high adsorbent capacity to remove TCy from water compared to most of other benchmark adsorbents reported in literature.

scholarly journals Efficient tetracycline removal from aqueous solutions using ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon (IL@mAC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar ◽  
Maryam Foroughi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Activated Carbon ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Poor Absorption

Abstract Tetracycline (TCy) belongs to PPCPs is such an widely used antibacterial drug, which is discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants or agricultural efଂuents. Due to low metabolism, poor absorption, overuse, and misuse, TCy is considered as threat to environmental and its removal from waste-water is vital. In this research, a novel ionic liquid modiଁed magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (IL@mAC) was synthesized, characterized, and the adsorption efficiency of IL@mAC for removal of TCy was investigated under different operational parameters of pH (3-11); dose of IL@mAC (0.01-0.1 g/50 mL); reaction time (30-240 min), and initial TCy concentration (50-1500 mg/L). The IL@mAC characterization was done using XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, BET, and FTIR. Results of equilibrium experiment showed that the highest removal efficiency (~98%) was obtained using 0.06 g of IL@mAC in 135 min at pH 7 and temperature 303 K. Considering the correlation coefficients (R2) for different adsorption models, it can be deduced that adsorption of TCy onto IL@mAC is better followed by Langmuir (0.9985) in comparison to Freundlich (0.9322), and Temkin (0.9654) models. Furthermore, Langmuir adsorption capacity was observed to be 895.0 mg/g. The regeneration study showed that IL@mAC retained around 85% TCy adsorption efficiency after 6th cycle. Finally, the present study indicates that the IL@mAC is of a high applicability and has extremely high adsorbent capacity to remove TCy from water compared to most of other benchmark adsorbents reported in literature.

The use of immersed membranes for upgrading wastewater treatment plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Buisson ◽  
P. Cote ◽  
M. Praderie ◽  
H. Paillard
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Separation Function ◽  
Original Plant ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Operating Constraints ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

Membranes can be installed in the clarifier (or aeration tank) of an existing activated sludge plant to enhance the biomass separation function of the system, thereby effectively overcoming any operating constraints associated with sludge settleability. The resulting upgraded plant can be operated at high biomass concentrations (10–20 gMLSS/L), leading to an increase in its treatment capacity. The membranes also ensure a treated water consistently free of suspended solids and a superior disinfection performance. The system offers an enhanced operating flexibility, and allows to operate at high sludge ages leading to a low excess sludge production. Such an immersed membrane activated sludge process (BIOSEP®) has been developed and applied to the treatment of raw sewage. When treating screened raw sewage with this process, with a sludge concentration of 15 gMLSS/L and a volumetric loading of 1.2 kgCOD/m3/d, a 96% COD reduction and a 95% Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) reduction have been obtained. The disinfection performance of the system was over 6 Log removal for fecal coliforms. The resulting production of sludge was 0.20 kgMLSS/kgCOD. Two desk case studies are given for 900 m3/day upgraded plants. In one case, the primary objective was to increase the treatment efficiency and develop nutrient removal for the original plant, while in the other case the primary objective was to increase the capacity of the original 460 m3/day plant.

Automatic buffer capacity based sensor for effluent quality monitoring

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
L. Van Vooren ◽  
P. Willems ◽  
J. P. Ottoy ◽  
G. C. Vansteenkiste ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
On Line

The use of an automatic on-line titration unit for monitoring the effluent quality of wastewater plants is presented. Buffer capacity curves of different effluent types were studied and validation results are presented for both domestic and industrial full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate monitoring of the effluent were established by using a simple titration device, connected to a data-interpretation unit. The use of this sensor as the activator of an effluent quality proportional sampler is discussed.

scholarly journals Finite Physical Dimensions Thermodynamics Analysis and Design of Closed Irreversible Cycles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3416
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Dumitrașcu ◽  
Michel Feidt ◽  
Ştefan Grigorean
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Internal Irreversibility ◽  
Heat Transfers ◽  
Operational Constraints ◽  
Log Temperatures ◽  
Physical Dimensions

This paper develops simplifying entropic models of irreversible closed cycles. The entropic models involve the irreversible connections between external and internal main operational parameters with finite physical dimensions. The external parameters are the mean temperatures of external heat reservoirs, the heat transfers thermal conductance, and the heat transfer mean log temperatures differences. The internal involved parameters are the reference entropy of the cycle and the internal irreversibility number. The cycle’s design might use four possible operational constraints in order to find out the reference entropy. The internal irreversibility number allows the evaluation of the reversible heat output function of the reversible heat input. Thus the cycle entropy balance equation to design the trigeneration cycles only through external operational parameters might be involved. In designing trigeneration systems, they must know the requirements of all consumers of the useful energies delivered by the trigeneration system. The conclusions emphasize the complexity in designing and/or optimizing the irreversible trigeneration systems.

scholarly journals Pulsed Electromagnetic Cross-Well Exploration for Monitoring Permafrost and Examining the Processes of Its Geocryological Changes

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Glinskikh ◽  
Oleg Nechaev ◽  
Igor Mikhaylov ◽  
Kirill Danilovskiy ◽  
Vladimir Olenchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vector Finite Element ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Pulsed Electromagnetic

This paper is dedicated to the topical problem of examining permafrost’s state and the processes of its geocryological changes by means of geophysical methods. To monitor the cryolithozone, we proposed and scientifically substantiated a new technique of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well sounding. Based on the vector finite-element method, we created a mathematical model of the cross-well sounding process with a pulsed source in a three-dimensional spatially heterogeneous medium. A high-performance parallel computing algorithm was developed and verified. Through realistic geoelectric models of permafrost with a talik under a highway, constructed following the results of electrotomography field data interpretation, we numerically simulated the pulsed sounding on the computing resources of the Siberian Supercomputer Center of SB RAS. The simulation results suggest the proposed system of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well monitoring to be characterized by a high sensitivity to the presence and dimensions of the talik. The devised approach can be oriented to addressing a wide range of issues related to monitoring permafrost rocks under civil and industrial facilities, buildings, and constructions.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Optimization of a Lipase Immobilized Enzymatic Membrane Bioreactor based on Polysulfone Gradient-Pore Hollow Fiber Membrane

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Cheng Chen ◽  
Zhen Ma ◽  
Xue-Yan Zhu ◽  
Da-Jing Chen ◽  
Xiao-Jun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes ◽  
Glycerol Triacetate ◽  
Operation Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Membrane

Enzymatic membrane bioreactors (EMBRs) possess the characteristic of combining catalysis with separation, and therefore have promising application potentials. In order to achieve a high-performance EMBR, membrane property, as well as operating parameters, should give special cause for concerns. In this work, an EMBR based on hollow fiber polysulfone microfiltration membranes with radial gradient pore structure was fabricated and enzyme immobilization was achieved through pressure-driven filtration. Lipase from Candida rugosa was used for immobilization and EMBR performance was studied with the enzymatic hydrolysis of glycerol triacetate as a model reaction. The influences of membrane pore diameter, substrate feed direction as well as operational parameters of operation pressure, substrate concentration, and temperature on the EMBR activity were investigated with the production of hydrolysates kinetically fitted. The complete EMBR system showed the highest activity of 1.07 × 104 U⋅g−1. The results in this work indicate future efforts for improvement in EMBR.

scholarly journals Global phosphorus dynamics in terms of phosphine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyi Fu ◽  
Xihui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Global Cycles ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

AbstractSince the detection of phosphine in the wastewater treatment plants in 1988, more and more investigations revealed that phosphine is closely related to ecological activities on a global scale. Here, we present perspectives on the whole dynamic cycles of phosphorus, particularly in terms of phosphine and its interactions with natural ecosystems, as well as the impacts from human activities. It may conclude that the phosphine-driving cycles of phosphorus depend on the coordination of human activities with natural ecosystems. Most importantly, the extensive recovery of phosphorus in numerous urban wastewater treatment plants may seriously obstruct its global cycles to catch up with the ecological needs in natural ecosystems. Phosphine gas plays an important role in the biogeochemical phosphorus cycle. Phosphorus might be one of the important elements participating in the global climate change together with carbon and nitrogen.

Performance evaluation of different wastewater treatment technologies operating in a developing country

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia C. Oliveira ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Uasb Reactors

This article analyses the performance of 166 wastewater treatment plants operating in Brazil, comprising six different treatment processes: septic tank + anaerobic filter, facultative pond, anaerobic pond + facultative pond, activated sludge, UASB reactors alone, UASB reactors followed by post-treatment. The study evaluates and compares the observed effluent quality and the removal efficiencies in terms of BOD, COD, TSS, TN, TP and FC with typical values reported in the technical literature. In view of the large performance variability observed, the existence of a relationship between design/operational parameters and treatment performance was investigated. From the results obtained, no consistent relationship between loading rates and effluent quality was found. The influence of loading rates differed from plant to plant, and the effluent quality was dictated by several combined factors related to design and operation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document