Biomarker studies on gold-lined sea bream (Rhabdosargus sarba) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Xu ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
C. C. Cheung ◽  
P. K. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Erod Activity ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Solvent Control ◽  
Gst Activity

Gold-lined sea bream (Rhabdosargus sarba) were intraperitoneally injected with 35 mg/kg benzo[a]pyrene (in DMSO), with fish administered DMSO as the solvent control. Fish were sacrificed 3 days post injection and their livers dissected for the analysis of adenosine triphosphates (ATPase), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), DNA adducts and ethyoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD). Exposure to B[a]P resulted in reduced ATPase activity, elevated GST activity and DNA adduct level, but no apparent change in EROD activity.

scholarly journals Use of Biochemical Markers for the Assessment of Organic Pollutant Contamination of the Vltava river, Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Havelková ◽  
Iveta Slatinská ◽  
Zuzana Široká ◽  
Jana Blahová ◽  
Jan Krijt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Erod Activity ◽  
Fish Liver ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Control Location ◽  
Gst Activity

In this study, selected biochemical markers - cytochrome P450 (CYP 450), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) - were measured in chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) liver samples obtained from three locations on the Vltava river (Podolí, Podbaba and Vraňany) and from a control location nmicals commonly known as their inducers. These include polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene and octachlorostyrene measured in chub muscle and polyaromatic hydrocarbons measured in bear Vodňany. The levels of selected biomarkers should correlate with the concentration of cheottom sediments obtained from the same locations. The highest EROD activity (median 101.37 pmol min-1 mg-1 protein), GST activity (median 42.82 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein), and GSH concentration (median 8.01 nmol mg-1 protein) were found in fish liver from the Podbaba location. There were no significant differences in CYP P450 level or EROD activity among the different locations. In Podbaba, GST activity (P < 0.01) and GSH concentrations (P < 0.001) were significantly higher than in the control location. The results of these analyses were correlated and a significant correlation was found between biochemical markers and their inducers. The results show that the use of biochemical markers in water quality assessment is a convenient method that can supplement classical chemical monitoring.

Effects of Diet on PCB-Induced Changes in Xenobiotic Metabolism in the Liver of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Ankley ◽  
Vicki S. Blazer
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Cytosolic Glutathione ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Gst Activity

Effects of nutrition on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in fishes are not well known. We fed three groups of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) either a synthetic, laboratory-prepared diet or one of two commercial catfish rations. After 3 mo on each diet, fish were treated with the enzyme inducer Aroclor 1254. Hepatic microsomal monooxygenase (MO) activity was lower in untreated fish fed a commercial diet than in those fed the laboratory diet. Aroclor 1254 increased MO activity to a lesser degree in fish fed that same commercial diet compared with those receiving the laboratory or other commercial diet. Hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) activity was similar in all control fish; however, Aroclor 1254 increased UDPGT activity to differing degrees in the three diet groups. Hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased by Aroclor 1254 to a similar extent in all diet groups; however, levels of GST activity generally were higher in fish fed the commercial diets than in those fed the laboratory ration. These data indicate that diet can affect the toxicity of xenobiotics to fishes through alterations in hepatic enzyme systems, and thus should be considered a potential source of variation in toxicological studies with fishes.

Effects of cigarette smoke with different tar contents on hepatic and pulmonary xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
B C Eke ◽  
M İşcan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Ethacrynic Acid ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Erod Activity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Gst Activity

The effects of smoke from cigarettes with two different tar contents (32 mg/cigarette, high tar, and 15 mg/cigarette, low tar) on hepatic and pulmonary monooxygenase (MO) activities (aniline 4-hydroxylase [AH]; aminopyrine N-demethylase [AMND]; 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase [EROD]; p-nitroanisole O-demethylase [p-NAOD]), lipid peroxidation (LP) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities toward several substrates (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene [CDNB]; 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene [DCNB]; ethacrynic acid [EAA]; 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane [ENPP]) were determined in adult male rats. Adult male rats were exposed to smoke of high-or low-tar cigarettes five times a day, with 1-hour intervals, for 3 days in a chamber where smoke and fresh air lead alternatively and were killed 16 hours after the last treatment. Smoke of both high-and low-tar cigarettes (SHTCC and SLTCC) significantly increased hepatic and pulmonary EROD and p-NAOD activities compared to controls. However, the increase noted by SHTCC on pulmonary EROD activity was higher than that of SLTCC. Hepatic AMND and pulmonary AH activities were significantly increased only by SHTCC. LP level was significantly decreased and increased by SHTCC in liver and lung, respectively, whereas it remained unaltered by SLTCC. Only SHTCC significantly increased GSH level in liver. In the lungs, both SHTCC and SLTCC significantly increased GSH level to the same extent. Hepatic GST activity toward EAA was significantly increased by SHTCC but was significantly decreased by SLTCC. ENPP GST activity was significantly decreased by SHTCC and SLTCC in the livers. In the lungs, all the GST activities examined were significantly depressed by SHTCC whereas only GST activity toward DCNB was reduced significantly by SLTCC. These results reveal that the hepatic and pulmonary MOs and GSTs are differentially influenced by SHTCC and SLTCC in rats.

Chemoprotective Effects of Propolis on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Oxidative Damage and Hepatotoxicity by Modulating TP53, Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Seval Yilmaz ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Emre Kaya ◽  
Mustafa Ozkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Gst Activity

Objective: This study aimed to detect hepatic oxidative damage caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as well as to examine how propolis protects against hepatotoxic effects of AFB1. Method: Rats were split into four groups as control group, AFB1 group, propolis group, AFB1+ propolis group. Results: There was significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and tumor suppressor protein (TP53) gene expression, Glutathione (GSH) level, Catalase (CAT) activity, CAT gene expression decreased in AFB1 group in blood. MDA level and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, GST and TP53 gene expressions increased in AFB1 group, whereas GSH level and CAT activity alongside CAT gene expression decreased in liver. AFB1+propolis group showed significant decrease in MDA level, GST activity, TP53 and GST gene expressions, GSH level and CAT activity and CAT gene expression increased in liver compared to AFB1 group. Conclusion: These results suggest that propolis may potentially be natural agent that prevents AFB1- induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

Molecular cloning and characterization of α-class glutathione S-transferase genes from the hepatopancreas of red sea bream, Pagrus major

2005 ◽  
Vol 140 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Konishi ◽  
Keitaro Kato ◽  
Toshiyoshi Araki ◽  
Kentaro Shiraki ◽  
Masahiro Takagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Red Sea Bream ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Pagrus Major

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Myricetin on Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced 8-Hydroxy-2′-Deoxyguanosine and BPDE-DNA Adduct

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Seung-Cheol Jee ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Kyeong Seok Kim ◽  
Hyung-Sik Kim ◽  
Jung-Suk Sung
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Adduct Formation ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Natural Foods ◽  
Phase I And Ii

Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a group 1 carcinogen, induces mutagenic DNA adducts. Myricetin is present in many natural foods with diverse biological activities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-cancer activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of myricetin against B[a]P-induced toxicity. Treatment of B[a]P induced cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells, whereas co-treatment of myricetin with B[a]P reduced the formation of the B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adduct, which recovered cell viability. Furthermore, we found a protective effect of myricetin against B[a]P-induced genotoxicity in rats, via myricetin-induced inhibition of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and BPDE-DNA adduct formation in the liver, kidney, colon, and stomach tissue. This inhibition was more prominent in the liver than in other tissues. Correspondingly, myricetin regulated the phase I and II enzymes that inhibit B[a]P metabolism and B[a]P metabolites conjugated with DNA by reducing and inducing CYP1A1 and glutathione S-transferase (GST) expression, respectively. Taken together, this showed that myricetin attenuated B[a]P-induced genotoxicity via regulation of phase I and II enzymes. Our results suggest that myricetin is anti-genotoxic, and prevents oxidative DNA damage and BPDE-DNA adduct formation via regulation of phase I and II enzymes.

Improved herbicide selectivity in tomato by safening action of benoxacor and fenclorim

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-651
Author(s):  
Edicarlos Castro ◽  
Carolina Pucci ◽  
Stefano Duarte ◽  
Nilda Roma Burgos ◽  
Te Ming Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Alternative Weed Control ◽  
Biomass Reduction ◽  
Gst Activity

AbstractSafeners have been widely used to reduce phytotoxicity to crops, thus serving as an alternative weed control strategy. Benoxacor and fenclorim safeners have the potential to protect plants from herbicide phytotoxicity by increasing glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity within the plant. The study aimed to evaluate the safening effect of benoxacor and fenclorim on tomato against selected herbicides applied POST. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized designed with four replications in a 9 × 3 factorial scheme, where Factor A consisted of eight herbicides including a nontreated control, and Factor B consisted of two safeners including a nontreated control. The herbicide treatments were sulfentrazone (0.220 kg ai ha−1), fomesafen (0.280 kg ai ha−1), flumioxazin (0.070 kg ai ha−1), linuron (1.200 kg ai ha−1), metribuzin (0.840 kg ai ha−1), pyroxasulfone (0.220 kg ai ha−1), and bicyclopyrone (0.040 kg ai ha−1). Safener treatments consisted of benoxacor (0.67 g L−1) and fenclorim (10 µM). Tomato seeds were immersed in safener solution before sowing and herbicides were applied when tomato plants were at the 3-leaf stage, or 25 days after sowing. Visible injury was scored at 3, 7, 14, and 21 d after application (DAA), and shoot biomass was recorded 21 DAA. Seed treatment with fenclorim reduced injury caused by imazamox and bicyclopyrone by 5.5 and 1.3 times, respectively, whereas benoxacor reduced the injury from bicyclopyrone 1.3 times. In addition, tomato plants pretreated with fenclorim showed a lesser reduction in biomass after application of imazamox, fomesafen, and metribuzin, whereas plants pretreated with benoxacor showed lesser biomass reduction after metribuzin application. Thus, the use of safeners promotes greater crop selectivity, allowing the application of herbicides with different mechanisms of action on the crop.

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