Nitrogen and organics removal from industrial wastewater using natural zeolite media

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-C. Chung ◽  
D.-H. Son ◽  
D.-H. Ahn

Biological removal of nitrogen from industrial wastewater was investigated by a novel O/A (oxic/anoxic) type process with natural zeolite circulation. This process consists of ammonium ion removal by zeolites and subsequent biological regeneration of zeolites. Two types of raw wastewater with high strength ammonia nitrogen (300–400 mg/L) from a fertilizer industry and a tannery industry, separately, were prepared for laboratory scale experiments. After ammonia ion removal from the influent wastewater by zeolite in the anoxic reactor, nitrifying bacteria, either attached to the zeolite or suspended in solution, participated in the conversion of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate in the following oxic reactor. Zeolites saturated with ammonia nitrogen were continuously regenerated and circulated in the proposed process without the use of chemical regenerants such as NaCl. Experimental results showed an 88–92% removal of ammonia nitrogen and high settleability in the final clarifier for both examples of wastewater. The results support that the proposed biological reactors with zeolite powder circulation are very effective in treating high strength nitrogen bearing wastewater.

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Chen ◽  
C.H. Ni ◽  
J.N. Chen ◽  
J. Lin

The membrane bioreactor (MBR) system has become more and more attractive in the field of wastewater treatment. It is particularly attractive in situations where long solids retention times are required, such as nitrifying bacteria, and physical retention critical to achieving more efficiency for biological degradation of pollutant. Although it is a new technology, the MBR process has been applied for industrial wastewater treatment for only the past decade. The opto-electronic industry, developed very fast over the past decade in the world, is high technology manufacturing. The treatment of the opto-electronic industrial wastewater containing a significant quantity of organic nitrogen compounds with a ratio over 95% in organic nitrogen (Org-N) to total nitrogen (T-N) is very difficult to meet the discharge limits. This research is mainly to discuss the treatment capacity of high-strength organic nitrogen wastewater, and to investigate the capabilities of the MBR process. A 5 m3/day capacity of MBR pilot plant consisted of anoxic, aerobic and membrane bioreactor was installed for evaluation. The operation was continued for 150 days. Over the whole experimental period, a satisfactory organic removal performance was achieved. The COD could be removed with an average of over 94.5%. For TOC and BOD5 items, the average removal efficiencies were 96.3 and 97.6%, respectively. The nitrification and denitrification was also successfully achieved. Furthermore, the effluent did not contain any suspended solids. Only a small concentration of ammonia nitrogen was found in the effluent. The stable effluent quality and satisfactory removal performance mentioned above were ensured by the efficient interception performance of the membrane device incorporated within the biological reactor. The MBR system shows promise as a means of treating very high organic nitrogen wastewater without dilution. The effluent of TKN, NOx-N and COD can fall below 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L and 50 mg/L.


2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aušra Mažeikienė ◽  
Marina Valentukevičienė ◽  
Juozas Jankauskas

Experimental investigation of ammonium ion removal from drinking water were carried out using natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) fractions of 0.3–0.6 mm and 0.6–1.5 mm. Before using natural zeolite was washed and dried in an oven at a temperature of about 105 °C. Solutions with different ion power (solution 1 ‐ supplied tap water and NH4Cl, solution 2 — distillate water and NH4Cl; initial concentration of ammonium ions of 2 mg/l) were filtrated through an experimental filter column packed with 70 mm and 210 mm of zeolite media for comparison purposes. Comparing the results for different natural zeolite fractions it was determined that the removal is more efficient using a finer fraction. After filtering 30 l of solution 1 through the laboratory‐ scaled filter column packed with 70 mm height of 0.3–0.6 mm particle size zeolite media and 0.6–1.5 mm particle size, the efficiency fluctuated from 89% to 70% (finer particles) and from 94% to 54% (coarser particles). Comparing the efficiency of ammonium ion removal from solutions with different ion power (solution 1 and solution 2), it was noticed that concentration reached the limit of 0.5 mg/l in the 12th l of solution 1, whereas it was fifty times lower in the 12th l of solution 2. After filtering 10 l of filtrate through the filter media with the height of 210 mm using coarse particles, the efficiency of ammonium ion removal reached 84%. Santrauka Eksperimentiniai NH4 + šalinimo laboratorijos salygomis iš ruošiamo geriamojo vandens tyrimai buvo atlikti naudojant gamtinio ceolito (klinoptilolito) 0,3–0,6 mm ir 0,6—1,5 mm stambumo frakcijas. Prieš naudojant gamtinis ceolitas buvo išplautas ir išdžiovintas krosnyje apie 105 °C temperatūroje. Pro eksperimentinio filtro ceolito užpildus (užpildo aukštis pirmuoju atveju buvo 70 mm, antruoju ‐ 210 mm) 5 m/h greičiu praleisti skirtingos jonines jegos tirpalai (iš vandentiekio vandens bei NH4Cl (I) ir iš distiliuoto vandens bei NH4Cl (II) pasigaminti tirpalai, kuriuose pradinD amonio jonu koncentracija buvo 2,0 mg/l). Lyginant dvieju skirtingu gamtinio ceolito frakciju eksperimento rezultatus nustatyta, kad smulkesne frakcija efektyviau iš tirpalu šalina NH4 +. Prafiltravus po 30 litru pirmojo tirpalo pro dvi 70 mm aukščio skirtingo ceolito grūdeliu stambumo frakcijas, amonio jonu šalinimo iš tirpalo efektyvumas kito atitinkamai nuo 89 % iki 70 % (esant smulkesnei frakcijai) ir nuo 94 % iki 54 % (kai frakcija stambesne). Lyginant amonio jonu šalinimo iš skirtingos jonines jegos tirpalu efektyvuma pastebeta, kad 0,5 mg/l amonio jonu koncentracija pirmojo tirpalo filtrate pasiekta jau dvyliktajame filtrato litre, o antrojo (II) tirpalo filtrato dvyliktajame litre ji buvo 50 kartu mažesne. Prafiltravus pro rege‐neruota 210 mm aukščio 0,6–1,5 mm stambumo ceolito grūdeliu užpilda 10 litru pirmojo tirpalo, amonio jonu šalinimo iš tirpalo efektyvumas sieke 84 %. Резюме Экспериментальные исследования очистки питьевой воды от ионов аммония проводились в лабораторных условиях, используя природный цеолит (клиноптилолит) с содержанием фракции 0,3–0,6 мм и 0,6–1,5 мм. Перед использованием природный цеолит был промыт и высушен в печи при температуре 105 0C. Растворы различного ионного заряда (1-й раствор из водопроводной воды и NH4Cl и 2-й раствор из дистиллированной воды и NH4Cl, в которых первичная концентрация ионов аммония была 2,0 мг/л) были пропущены через цеолитовую загрузку экспериментального фильтра со скоростью 5 м/ч (высота загрузки в первом случае составляла 70 мм, во втором – 210 мм). При сравнении результатов эксперимента с двумя различными фракциями природного цеолита обнаружено, что мелкозернистая фракция эффективнее очищает растворы от NH4+. После фильтрования 30 л первичного раствора обеими фракциями различной зернистости цеолита эффективность очистки раствора от ионов аммония достигала соответственно от 70% до 89% (мелкозернистой фракции) и от 54% до 94% (крупнозернистой фракции). При сравнении результатов удаления ионов аммония из 1-го и 2-го растворов с разными ионными зарядами в 12-м литре 1-го раствора была обнаружена концентрация ионов аммония в 0,5 мг/л, что в 50 раз меньше, чем в 12-м литре профильтрованного 2-го раствора. После того, как было профильтровано 10 л первого раствора через регенерированную цеолитовую загрузку высотой в 210 мм (фракция 0,6–1,5 мм), эффект очистки раствора от ионов аммония достигал 84 %.


2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Chen ◽  
J.N. Chen ◽  
C.H. Ni ◽  
G.T. Lin ◽  
C.Y. Chang

The membrane bioreactor (MBR) system has become more and more attractive in the field of wastewater treatment. It is particularly attractive in situations where long solids retention times are required, such as nitrifying bacteria, and physical retention is critical to achieving more efficiency for biological degradation of pollutants. Although it is a new technology, the MBR process has been applied to industrial wastewater treatment for only the past decade. The opto-electronic industry, developed very fast over the past decade in the world, is a high technological manufacturing industry. The treatment of the opto-electronic industrial wastewater containing a significant quantity of organic nitrogen compounds, with a ratio over 95% in organic nitrogen (Org-N) to total nitrogen (T-N), is very difficult to meet the discharge limits. The purpose of this research is mainly to discuss the treatment capacity of high-strength organic nitrogen wastewater, and to investigate the capabilities of the MBR process. A 2 m3/day capacity MBR pilot plant consisting of anoxic and aerobic tanks and a membrane bioreactor was installed for evaluation. The operation was continued for 130 days. Over the whole experimental period, a satisfactory organic removal performance was achieved. The COD could be removed with an average of over 94.5%. For TOC and BOD5, the average removal efficiencies were 96.3 and 97.6%, respectively. The nitrification and denitrification were also successfully achieved. The effluent did not contain any suspended solids. Only a small concentration of ammonia nitrogen was found in the effluent. The stable effluent quality and satisfactory removal performance mentioned above were ensured by the efficient interception performance of the membrane device incorporated within the biological reactor. The MBR system shows promise as a means of treating very high organic nitrogen wastewater without dilution. The effluent of TKN, NOx-N and COD can fall below 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L and 50 mg/L.


Desalination ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuichang Zuo ◽  
Jiali Chang ◽  
Fubin Liu ◽  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 6391-6403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Çeçen Erbil ◽  
Elif Soyer ◽  
Bilsen Beler Baykal

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki OHMORI ◽  
Yoshihiko HOSOI ◽  
Minoru OKUMURA ◽  
Kaoru FUJINAGA ◽  
Yasushi SEIKE

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3020
Author(s):  
Agnė Mikelionienė ◽  
Danutė Vaičiukynienė ◽  
Aras Kantautas ◽  
Algirdas Radzevičius ◽  
Katarzyna Zarębska

In this study, straetlingite-based sorbents were used for NH4+ ion removal from a synthetic aqueous solution and from the wastewater of an open recirculation African catfish farming system. This study was performed using column experiments with four different filtration rates (2, 5, 10, and 15 mL/min). It was determined that breakthrough points and sorption capacity could be affected by several parameters such as flow rate and mineral composition of sorption materials. In the synthetic aqueous solution, NH4+ removal reached the highest sorption capacity, i.e., 0.341 mg/g with the S30 sorbent at a filtration rate of 10 mL/min and an initial concentration of 10 mg/L of NH4+ ions. It is important to emphasize that, in this case, the Ce/C0 ratio of 0.9 was not reached after 420 min of sorption. It was also determined that the NH4+ sorption capacity was influenced by phosphorus. In the wastewater, the NH4+ sorption capacity was almost seven times lower than that in the synthetic aqueous solution. However, it should be highlighted that the P sorption capacity reached 0.512 mg/g. According to these results, it can be concluded that straetlingite-based sorbents can be used for NH4+ ion removal from a synthetic aqueous solution, as well as for both NH4+ and P removal from industrial wastewater. In the wastewater, a significantly higher sorption capacity of the investigated sorbents was detected for P than for NH4+.


Author(s):  
Aušra MAŽEIKIENĖ ◽  
Marina VALENTUKEVIčIENĖ

Wastewater treatment loadings with total nitrogen can increased by introducing fugate that is saturated with ammonium ions, generated when dewatering wastewater treatment sludge. In this article the possibility to reduce the concentration of ammonium ions in the fugate by the use of natural zeolite (Transcarpatian clinoptilolite) has been analysed. Lab-scale experiments were carried out with different particle sizes zeolite: 0.8–1.6 mm, 1.6–2.5 mm and 2.5–3.2 mm. At the first stage of the experiments, zeolite particles were mixed with fugate and left to settle until a 99% efficiency of ammonium ion removal was achieved. At the second stage, ammonium ions were removed from the fugate by filtering this liquid through zeolite where the 70–92% efficiency was achieved. Zeolite saturated with ammonium ions possibly can be used in agriculture as nitrogenous fertilizers. Obtained fertilizer grade of zeolite saturated with fugate can also be produced from the high ammonium nitrogen concentration side-streams separated from wastewater flow from sludge digestion processes.


2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2461-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rava ◽  
E. Chirwa

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect different biofilm carrier filling ratios would have on biofilm morphology and activity and bacterial diversity in a hybrid fixed-film bioreactor treating high strength coal gasification wastewater (CGWW) for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenols and ammonia-nitrogen. Results showed that a carrier fill of 70% formed a ‘compact’ biofilm, a 50% fill formed a ‘rippling’ biofilm and a 30% fill formed a ‘porous’ biofilm. The highest microbial activity was obtained with a 50% carrier fill supporting a relatively thin biofilm. The highest level of biofilm bound metals were aluminium, silicon, calcium and iron in the ‘compact’ biofilm; nitrogen, magnesium, chloride, sodium and potassium in the ‘rippling’ biofilm, and copper in the ‘porous’ biofilm. The bioreactor improved the quality of the CGWW by removing 49% and 78% of the COD and phenols, respectively. However, no significant amount of ammonia-nitrogen was removed since nitrification did not take place due to heterotrophic bacteria out-competing autotrophic nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm. The dominant heterotrophic genera identified for all three carrier filling ratios were Thauera, Pseudaminobacter, Pseudomonas and Diaphorobacter.


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