Process development for nitrogen removal of swine waste

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Rim ◽  
D.J. Han
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This research aims to effectively remove nutrients in swine waste by a combined process of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and biofilm process. For effective removal of nutrients, both anaerobic and anoxic reactors were constructed consecutively within a single anaerobic/denitrification (SAD) reactor to which aerobic reactor for nitrification was connected. The total reactor was operated within range of 0.4 to 3.1 kg COD/m3/d of organics volumetric loading rate (VLR) and the removal rates of TCOD were 80 to 95%. Ammonia nitrogen was removed over 90% in VLR of less than 0.1 kg N/m3/d but removal rate was reduced to 70% in VLR of over 0.6 kg N/m3/d. However, complete denitrification was observed in all VLRs, which might be due to the maintenance of optimal temperature, sufficient inner carbon source, and use of NOx as an electron acceptor by anaerobic and anoxic microorganisms.

Combined UASB reactor and DAF/BF/anoxic/aerobic process for the removal of high-concentration organic matter and nutrients from slurry-type swine waste

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.U. Kim ◽  
C.H. Won ◽  
J.M. Rim
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Dissolved Air

This research aimed to effectively remove high-concentration organic matter and nutrients from slurry-type swine waste using a combined upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor with the dissolved air flotation/aerobic submerged biofilm/anoxic/aerobic process. The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was operated at an organics volumetric loading rate of 3.2Ð6.1 kg COD/m3/day, and the removal rates of COD were 53.9-65.5%. The removal rate of COD of the overall process was more than 99%. In the aerobic submerged biofilm, over 95% of ammonium nitrogen was removed at a volumetric loading rate of 0.08-0.16 kg NH4+-N/m3/day. The specific denitrification rate was 0.257 g NO3-N/g MLVSS/day and the removal rate of total nitrogen was 86.7%. Phosphorus was removed by flocculation in the dissolved air flotation process, and 0.16 g of PO4-P was removed by 1 g of ferric ion.

scholarly journals Microbial Removal of Pb(II) Using an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Chimhundi ◽  
Carla Hörstmann ◽  
Evans M. N. Chirwa ◽  
Hendrik G. Brink
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Microbial Removal ◽  
Maximum Removal

The main objective of this study was to achieve the continuous biorecovery and bioreduction of Pb(II) using an industrially obtained consortia as a biocatalyst. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was used in the treatment process. The bioremediation technique that was applied made use of a yeast extract as the microbial substrate and Pb(NO3)2 as the source of Pb(II). The UASB reactor exhibited removal efficiencies of between 90 and 100% for the inlet Pb concentrations from 80 to 2000 ppm and a maximum removal rate of 1948.4 mg/(L·d) was measured. XRD and XPS analyses of the precipitate revealed the presence of Pb0, PbO, PbS and PbSO4. Supporting experimental work carried out included growth measurements, pH, oxidation–reduction potentials and nitrate levels.

scholarly journals Anammox biofilm process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Puti Sri Komala ◽  
Arief Almi
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biofilm process commonly uses various inorganic carriers to enhance nitrogen removal under anaerobic conditions. This study aims to analyze the performance of nitrogen removal in anammox process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier. The experiment was carried out by using an up‐flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for treating artificial wastewater at room temperature. The reactor was fed with ammonium and nitrite with the concentrations of 70‐150 mg–N/L and variations in the hydraulic retention time of 24 and 12 h. The granular anammox belongs to the genus Candidatus Brocadia sinica that was added as an inoculum of the reactor operation. The experimental stoichiometric of anammox for ΔNO2‐–N: ΔNH4+–N and ΔNO3‐: ΔNH4+ were 1.24 and 0.18, respectively, which is similar to anammox stoichiometry. The maximum Nitrogen Removal Rate (NRR) has achieved 0.29 kg–N/m3.d at Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) 0.6 kg–N/m3.d. The highest ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) were 88% and 85%, respectively. Based on this results, it indicated that sugarcane bagasse as organic carriers could increase the amount of total nitrogen removal by provided of denitrification process but inhibited the anammox process at a certain COD concentration.

Importance of the ammonia volatilization rates in shallow maturation ponds treating UASB reactor effluent

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Augusto Lopes de Assunção ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Unit Surface Area ◽  
In Series ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This study aimed at determining the influence of ammonia volatilization on nitrogen removal in polishing (maturation) ponds treating sanitary effluent from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. An apparatus for the capture and absorption of volatilized ammonia in three polishing ponds in series was installed. Volatilized ammonia was captured by a chamber on the surface of the ponds and dissolved in boric acid solution, in order to estimate the amount of ammonia per unit surface area of each pond. Low rates of volatilization, below 0.2 kg/ha.d, in about 75% of samples from all the ponds, were observed. The mass balance of ammonia nitrogen of the ponds showed that the volatilization represented only about 2% of the total removal of nitrogen from the polishing ponds. The results obtained suggest that ammonia volatilization was a mechanism of little importance in nitrogen removal in the investigated polishing ponds.

Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mijalova Nacheva ◽  
M. Reyes Pantoja ◽  
E. A. Lomelí Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The performance of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor operated at ambient temperature (20.9–25.2°C) was analysed for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater previously pre-treated for solid separation. The experimental work was carried out in a reactor with 15 L effective volume. Four organic loads were applied and the process performance was evaluated. The COD removal rate increased with the load rise from 4 to 15 kg COD.m−3.d−1. Removal efficiencies of 90% were obtained with a load of 15 kg COD.m−3.d−1. The entrapment of suspended solids in the sludge blanket was greater in proportion during the first two stages due to the low upflow velocities used when loads of 4 and 7 kg COD.m−3.d−1 were evaluated. This phenomenon did not affect the structure of the biological grains or their methanogenic activity. More than 50% of the organic nitrogen was degraded, causing a 3% increase of ammonia concentration. The concentrations of the volatile fatty acids were not high and the wastewater alkalinity was enough to prevent acidification. The yield coefficient of methane production increased with the load rise, reaching 0.266 m3/kg CODremoved at 15 kg COD.m−3.d−1 organic load. The UASB reactor is a good option for the biological treatment of pre-treated slaughterhouse wastewater. However, additional treatment is required in order to accomplish the water quality requirements in discharges to water bodies.

Optimal process pattern for simultaneous sulfur, nitrogen and carbon removal

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Chen ◽  
Aijie Wang ◽  
Nanqi Ren ◽  
Xuliang Deng ◽  
Duu-Jong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Process Pattern ◽  
High Removal Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) process incorporates interactions between autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifiers and reveals difficulty to achieve high removal rate of nitrogen and sulfur in practice. We compared the DSR performance of an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, both fed with wastewaters comprising sulfide, nitrate and acetate. The EGSB reactor can sustain at higher loading rates than UASB reactor, probably owing to the less elemental sulfur production rate for the latter in operation.

Pilot study of UASB process treating PTA manufacturing wastewater

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Shung Cheng ◽  
Chiou-Yuan Ho ◽  
Jer-Horng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Refractory Component ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradability ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

A pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was employed to treat the wastewater of a purified-terephthalic-acid (PTA) manufacturing factory. The performance of UASB reactor in terms of COD removal was achieved 62% at the volumetric loading rate of 2.93 kg COD / m3/day. One of the major constituents, p-toluic acid in PTA wastewater was the refractory component due to the methyl substituent on the aromatic ring, which restricted the biodegradation performance. Moreover, from our study, it was surprising that high concentration of acetic acid would retard the degradation of aromatics in the sludge bed. A control strategy of acetic acid level in the sludge bed was suggested during the start-up period. Comparison of the anaerobic biodegradability of aromatic substituents in PTA wastewater was concluded as the following sequence: –COOH > –CHO ≥ –CH3 in terms of the derivative functional groups based on the benzoic acid. Observation of bacterial population of the sludge granules showed high diversity of syntrophic structure on the biogranular surface as well as acetoclastic methanogens.

Anaerobic Treatment of Sewage Sludge Treated by Catalytic Wet Oxidation Process in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 867-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Song ◽  
N. Takeda ◽  
M. Hiraoka
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Wet Oxidation ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

To increase the efficiency of methane recovery in anaerobic treatment, sewage sludge was treated by catalytic wet oxidation process(CWOP).The CWOP is designed to treat sewage sludge with the aid of a newly developed catalyst. It is a treatment process, by which concentrated COD components and suspended solids in various kinds of sludge can be simultaneously oxidized and treated with great efficiency in a single step without dilution. After CWOP, this supernatant was treated by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) for recovery of methane. This experiment was to evaluate the acclimation of UASB process to the supernatant of sewage sludge treated by CWOP. For the granule growth and accumulation, supernatant was introduced stepwise (25%, 33%, 50%, 100%). The supernatant was 7,200 mg-COD/L which contained 53% carbonic acids. The reactor was operated at a volumetric loading rate from 1.8 (kg·COD/m3·day) to 14.4 (kg·COD/m3·day) and overall HRT of less than 24 hrs throughout the experiment. In the conventional anaerobic biochemical process of methane gas recovery was limited to 50% of COD recovery. As a result of this study, the COD recovery to about 93% was obtained by the coebination of CWOP and UASB process. The following conditions were enough for pretreatment: temperature, 270°C; pressure, 86kg/m2; stoichiometric air ratio, 1.1; reaction time, 24 min. These results indicate that the CWOP-UASB process may be attractive as an alternative sewage sludge treatment.

Biomass Acclimatization to Sequentially Varying Substrates in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Bioreactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Ying Jennifer Tan ◽  
Mohd. Ali Hashim ◽  
K.B. Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Abstract In this study, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) bioreactor was sequentially subjected to high-strength synthetic, low-strength synthetic and domestic wastewaters. From COD removal data, supported by volumetric loading rate, hydraulic retention time, pH and qualitative biogas production data, it was observed that the biomass in the bioreactor took about twice the time required to acclimatize to a change in substrate characteristics or composition compared to a much more drastic quantitative change, i.e., more than 95% difference, in substrate concentration. As the initial experiment coincided with the bioreactor start-up, it could also be concluded that the feeding regime did not shorten the overall start-up time of a UASB bioreactor meant to treat domestic wastewater, but its eventual success was probably more assured.

scholarly journals Degradation of Methanethiol by Methylotrophic Methanogenic Archaea in a Lab-Scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 7540-7547 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. M. de Bok ◽  
R. C. van Leerdam ◽  
B. P. Lomans ◽  
H. Smidt ◽  
P. N. L. Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Volumetric Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

ABSTRACT In a lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor inoculated with granular sludge from a full-scale wastewater treatment plant treating paper mill wastewater, methanethiol (MT) was degraded at 30°C to H2S, CO2, and CH4. At a hydraulic retention time of 9 h, a maximum influent concentration of 6 mM MT was applied, corresponding to a volumetric loading rate of 16.5 mmol liter−1 day−1. The archaeal community within the reactor was characterized by anaerobic culturing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, cloning, and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative PCR. Initially, MT-fermenting methanogenic archaea related to members of the genus Methanolobus were enriched in the reactor. Later, they were outcompeted by Methanomethylovorans hollandica, which was detected in aggregates but not inside the granules that originated from the inoculum, the microbial composition of which remained fairly unchanged. Possibly other species within the Methanosarcinacaea also contributed to the fermentation of MT, but they were not enriched by serial dilution in liquid media. The archaeal community within the granules, which was dominated by Methanobacterium beijingense, did not change substantially during the reactor operation. Some of the species related to Methanomethylovorans hollandica were enriched by serial dilutions, but their growth rates were very low. Interestingly, the enrichments could be sustained only in the presence of MT and did not utilize any of the other typical substrates for methylotrophic methanogens, such as methanol, methyl amine, or dimethylsulfide.

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