Enhanced biodegradability by oxidative and radiative wastewater treatment

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Christian H. Möbius ◽  
Maria Cordes-Tolle
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Oxidative Destruction ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
High Energy Radiation ◽  
Biofilm Reactors

Processes for oxidative destruction of non-biodegradable substances in wastewater of the pulp and paper industry are using oxidants, partly in combination with catalysts or high energy radiation including UV-radiation. We summarize these processes as oxidative and radiative treatment. Instead of aiming at a total oxidation of the organic matter a partial oxidation of the persistent substances can be achieved with far less costs in biological treated wastewater. This leads to a significant improvement of the biodegradability. A subsequent biological treatment will eliminate therefore a high proportion of the remaining organic matter, which before was persistent. Special processes are needed for the additional biological treatment due to the low BOD concentration. Low loaded biofilm reactors like submerged granular biofilters have been established as the most preferred technique for this treatment. A process of this type that has been extensively studied by us is ozonation of biological treated wastewater followed by biological treatment with biofilters.

Bioremediation of AOX from pulp and paper industry wastewater and AOX contaminated soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
N. S. Deshmukh ◽  
K. L. Lapsiya ◽  
D. V. Savant ◽  
A. M. Mujumdar ◽  
D.R. Ranade
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Aox Removal ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Bleaching of paper pulp with chlorine/ chlorine derivatives leads to formation of severalorganochlorine compounds. These compounds are collectively termed as "Adsorbable OrganicHalides" (AOX). Toxic effects of AOX are well documented. Analysis of various wastewaters,soils irrigated with wastewater and sludge show significant levels of AOX. This is a potentialthreat to the environment. Physical and chemical methods of AOX removal are not economical.Hence, bioremediation technology needs to be developed for effective, ecofriendly andeconomical management of AOX containing waste. With this aim, anaerobic biofilm reactors(7.2L) were developed in our laboratory. Anaerobic cultures degrading chlorophenols wereenriched and a consortium of such enrichments was used as the inoculum for the reactors. Thereactors were fed with nutrient medium and run at 20 days HRT and at 30 °c. Degradation of 2,4dichlorophenol (2,4 DCP) was studied at 100 ppm, 300 ppm and 600 ppm and 96.7, 74.5 and56.8 % dechlorination was observed, respectively. Anaerobic degradation at varyingconcentration of AOX from bleach composite wastewater (BCWW) was studied. Reactors fedwith 12.5, 25, 50 and 75 % BCWW v/v showed 62.9, 56.5, 55.9 and 27.1% AOX degradation,respectively. The results suggest feasibility of treating the BCWW stream separately in anaerobicreactor and then mixing the effluent with composite wastewater. The treatment will ensureprevention of AOX pollution. Fish toxicity bioassays are being carried out to study safe disposalof treated wastewater in natural water bodies. Aerobic cultures degrading different chlorophenolswere isolated. Using a consortium of these cultures bioremediation studies on AOX contaminatedsoils have been initiated.

The Development of Waste Water Treatment in the Finnish Pulp and Paper Industry

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Luonsi ◽  
J. Junna ◽  
I. Nevalainen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Target Values

The recent development of Finnish pulp and paper industry external wastewater treatment has created positive results by reducing the oxygen consuming load (BOD7) of the recipients. This is due to the thirteen activated sludge plants and one anaerobic reactor which have been constructed during the last four years. The target values set in the form of suspended solids (SS) and BOD7 for 1985 (400 t BOD7/d) are expected to be achieved during 1987. Activated sludge plants have also created negative effects in the form of large amounts of surplus biological sludge and increased nutrient discharges, especially phosphorus which with reduced acute toxicity will increase the eutrophication of discharge areas. The share of activated sludge plants for the increased phosphorus discharges remains to be studied. The rapid increase started before the activated sludge plants started operation. In well operated activated sludge plant nutrient discharge is not increased. Although the specific water consumption and specific organic loads continuously decrease in pulp and paper production the increased production and more stringent requirements for pollution control prerequisite investments for external treatment. Therefore it is the time for efficient biological treatment plant construction and before 1995 a good number of mainly activated sludge plants will be constructed, for which time target values and some alternative guidelines to pollution control have been planned but not yet officially issued. Also requirements for CODCr, and total organic chlorine (TOCl) will be among the effluent quality criteria in the near future. When further requirements are issued the basis must be in the requirements of the biota which it is desired to live in the discharge areas. Much research is needed to find out how many of these requirements can be satisfied by modifications of present treatment processes. Thereafter the possibility of removing specific pollutants from the low volume fractions must be identified. The results of these studies must then be compared with the tertiary processes which can be added after the biological treatment plants which process the combined mill effluent. The problem must be regarded as a complex one because any substance removed from the wastewater will be found either in the sludge or in the air. The harmful compounds should be returned to normal ecological circulation or to the least harmful form and location in the most suitable waste stream.

Energy efficient aeration of wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2364-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Paper Mills

More than 50% of the electrical power needed to treat pulp and paper industry effluents is used for aeration in biological treatment stages. A large share of the oxygen that passes through the wastewater is not consumed and will be found in the off-gas. Energy can be saved by aerating under conditions where the oxygen transfer is most efficient, for example at low concentrations of dissolved oxygen Consider the sludge as an energy source; electricity can be saved by avoiding sludge reduction through prolonged aeration. High oxygen transfer efficiency can be retained by using the oxygen consumption of biosolids. Quantified savings in the form of needed volumes of air while still achieving sufficient COD reduction are presented. The tests have been made in a bubble column with pulp mill process water and sludge from a biological treatment plant. These were supplemented with case studies at three pulp and paper mills.

Techniques for Closing the Water Circuits in the Pulp and Paper Industry

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Edde
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Assimilative Capacity ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Organic Halogens

The focus of this paper is on the earlier, recent and future developments in closing the water circuits in pulp and paper production. During the 1960s the U.S. pulp and paper industry was in its environmental infancy concentrating mainly on removal of settleable solids and initiating river assimilative capacity studies. The 1970s began with environmental legislation having enforceable powers to achieve primary and secondary (biological) treatment which was fundamentally fulfilled during the 1980s. The late 1980s and early 1990s opened with toxicity becoming the major environmental issue as measured mainly by absorbable organic halogens (AOX) and dioxins. This paper identifies progress and key technological developments towards furthering stringent environmental enhancement and provides additional knowledge requirements leading into the next century.

scholarly journals Influence of storage time of pulp and paper industry wastewaters in AOX determination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela A. R. Soares ◽  
Manuela Marques ◽  
Maria Teresa Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Laboratory Activities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wastewater Samples

The feasibility of storing wastewater samples from pulp and paper industry during more than 5 days (time recommend by ISO 5667-3:2018) for AOX determination was addresses in this study. Samples were collected before and after the aerobic biological treatment of a Portuguese industry. Experimental protocol included AOX measurements at days 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18 and 20 after sampling. Results obtained indicate that storage time is not matrix-dependent and it can be extended up to 20 days, which clearly improves management of laboratory activities concerning AOX determination.

Combined oxidative and biological treatment of separated streams of tannery wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vidal ◽  
J. Nieto ◽  
H.D. Mansilla ◽  
C. Bornhardt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
High Concentrations

Leather tanning effluents are a source of severe environmental impacts. In particular, the unhairing stage, belonging to the beamhouse processes, generates an alkaline wastewater with high concentrations of organic matter, sulphides, suspended solids, and salts, which shows significant toxicity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biodegradation of this industrial wastewater by combined oxidative and biological treatments. An advanced oxidation process (AOP) with Fenton's reagent was used as batch pretreatment. The relationships of H2O2/Fe2+ and H2O2/COD were 9 and 4, respectively, reaching an organic matter removal of about 90%. Subsequently, the oxidised beamhouse effluent was fed to an activated sludge system, at increasing organic load rates (OLR), in the range of 0.4 to 1.6 g COD/Láday. The biological organic matter removal of the pre-treated wastewater ranged between 35% and 60% for COD, and from 60% to 70% for BOD. Therefore, sequential AOP pretreatment and biological aerobic treatment increased the overall COD removal up to 96%, compared to 60% without pretreatment. Bioassays with D. magna and D. pulex showed that this kind of treatment achieves only a partial toxicity removal of the tannery effluent.

The Utilization of Boiler Fly Ash for Treatment of Wastewater Color by Adsorption Process: Case Study for Pulp and Paper Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 718 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Yuvarat Ngernyen ◽  
Atip Laungphairojana ◽  
Thitima Nikronsangkhaphinit ◽  
Sinsupa Kaewketkam
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Treated Wastewater

This research aimed to investigate the possibility of utilizing coal fly ash and eucalyptus fly ash from boilers in pulp and paper industry as adsorbents for color removal of biological treated wastewater. The physical properties of fly ash such as pore properties (surface area, pore volume and average pore size), thermal degradation and functional group were analyzed. The results showed that both types of fly ash were mesopore adsorbents. The percentage of color removal increased with the increasing of amount of adsorbent. The maximum percentage of color removal for amount of adsorbent at 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g are 76%, 86%, 90% and 94%, respectively. The adsorption reaches equilibrium at 48 hours for all experiments. The adsorbents were reused and the experiments showed that the adsorbent can be reused twice without any regeneration before the percentage of color removal went below the target number of industry at 58%. The scale up of adsorption process was also studied. The experimental results showed that increasing amount of adsorbent and adsorbate 2 to 10 times do not have any significant effect on the percentage of color removal. The coal fly ash yielded higher percentage of color removal (90%) than eucalyptus fly ash (82%).

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