Effects of temperature and volatile fatty acids on nitrification-denitrification activity in small-scale anaerobic-aerobic recirculation biofilm process

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Takai ◽  
A. Hirata ◽  
K. Yamauchi ◽  
Y. Inamori
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
Nitrification Activity ◽  
Denitrification Activity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Biofilm Process

The purpose of this study is to clarify effects of temperature, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and recirculation on nitrification-denitrification activity and biota such as nitrifying bacteria in a small-scale domestic wastewater treatment process. Effects of VFAs produced in anaerobic biofilm reactors under various flow-rates and recirculation ratios on nitrifying bacteria were also investigated with laboratory-scale plants on a long-term stable conditions. As a result, at a temperature of 10°C, nitrification activity could be increased about 65% by recirculation and nitrogen removal efficiency was also surely raised. Temperature coefficients of nitrification rate at recirculation ratios of 0 and 4.0 were 1.039 and 1.090, respectively, and that of denitrification was 1.065 at recirculation ratio of 4.0. High concentrations of VFAs were found in anaerobically treated effluent, especially at 10°C without recirculation, and inhibition of nitrite oxidation and nitrite accumulation were observed in the aerobic biofilm reactor. From batch experiments, VFAs' inhibition constants γ in nitrification activity of aerobic biofilm was calculated, and consumption rates of each VFA was investigated on the condition that denitrification was progressed or not. It was clarified that each VFA did not inhibit ammonium oxidation in observed concentration, but slightly inhibited nitrite oxidation. Acetic acid was used as a carbon source of denitrification at the rate of 17.3mg/mg-SS/hr. On the other hand, propionic acid was not used effectively and denitrification did not occur. It was concluded that the recirculation was indispensable to promote nitrification-denitrification activity and biodegradation of VFAs in the small-scale anaerobic-aerobic biofilm process.

Concurrent nitrite oxidation and aerobic denitrification in activated sludge exposed to volatile fatty acids

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve T. Oguz ◽  
Kevin G. Robinson ◽  
Alice C. Layton ◽  
Gary S. Sayler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Aerobic Denitrification ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation

Denitrification in biofilms with biologically hydrolysed sludge as carbon source

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Æsøy ◽  
H. Ødegaard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Consumption Ratio ◽  
Half Saturation Constant ◽  
Denitrification Kinetics ◽  
Biofilm Process

This paper is a contribution to the understanding of the possibilities and limitations of the socalled HYPRO-concept, a compact process design for nutrient removal where the carbon source for the denitrification process is provided by hydrolysis of the pre-precipitated sludge. The objective of the study was to investigate how efficiently biologically hydrolysed sludge is utilized in a biofilm process. The results show that only the volatile fatty acids in the hydrolysed sludge were utilized as carbon source. The denitrification kinetics were not influenced by the particulate and colloidal materials that adsorbed to the biofilm. The biofilms in the present study were thick (> 900 μm) and porous, and the denitrification rate could be described by a hyperbolic Monod-type function with respect to both the nitrate and the volatile fatty acids concentration. The diffusion resistance is included and expressed by an artificial “half-saturation” constant, K*. The maximum denitrification rate was rNO3−Nmax = 0.567 g NO3-N/g VS · d, K*NO3−N = 1.4 mg NO3-N/l and K*CODVFA = 3.0 mg CODVFA/l. The stoichiometric consumption ratio between soluble COD and nitrate was found to be 4.5 ± 0.6 g CODs/g NO3-N. The specific growth rate was μ = 0.61 ± 0.12 d−1 and the yield coefficient was YCOD = 0.22 ± 0.04 g VS/g COD.

Effect of Acclimation Strategy on the Biological Nitrification in the Saline Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ling Li ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Peng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
Saline Wastewater ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Culture

During the process of cultivation of salt-tolerant nitrifying bacteria, the increase in NaCl concentrations was carried out in two different manners. The NaCl concentration in reactor A was increased by increment of 5 g/L, while the NaCl concentration in reactor B was increased by increment of 2.5 g/L. The impacts of NaCl content on the fresh culture and two acclimated cultures were investigated, which focused upon the changes of the specific ammonium oxidation rate (SAOR) and specific nitrite oxidation rate (SNOR). The results indicated that fresh nitrifiers were severely inhibited by high salinity. At NaCl concentration of 25 g/L, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) completely lost the nitrification capability. After 46 days of acclimation, the nitrifying bacteria could be adapted to the saline wastewater. The average SAOR and SNOR in reactor B were slightly higher than those in reactor A, which meant that low increment in salt concentration may be in favor of the development of salt-tolerant nitrifiers. But the two NaCl increasing approaches did not affect the SAOR and SNOR too much. Salt-tolerant nitrifiers could be well developed with the two acclimation manners.

Unravelling a microbial synergy to boost caproate production via carboxylates chain elongation with ethanol

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Ling Leng ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Peixian Yang ◽  
Takashi Narihiro ◽  
Masaru Konishi Nobu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Desulfovibrio Vulgaris ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Microbial Network ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Chain elongation of volatile fatty acids for medium chain fatty acids production (e.g. caproate) is an attractive approach to treat wastewater anaerobically and recover resource simultaneously. Undefined microbial consortia can be tailored to achieve chain elongation process with selective enrichment from anaerobic digestion sludge, which has advantages over pure culture approach for cost-efficient application. Whilst the metabolic pathway of the dominant caproate producer, Clostridium kluyveri, has been annotated, the role of other coexisting abundant microbiomes remained unclear. To this end, an ethanol-acetate fermentation inoculated with fresh digestion sludge at optimal conditions was conducted. Also, physiological study, thermodynamics and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing to elucidate the biological process by linking the system performance and dominant microbiomes were integrated. Results revealed a possible synergistic network in which C. kluyveri and three co-dominant species, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, Fusobacterium varium and Acetoanaerobium sticklandii coexisted. D. vulgaris and A. sticklandii (F. varium) were likely to boost the carboxylates chain elongation by stimulating ethanol oxidation and butyrate production through a syntrophic partnership with hydrogen (H2) serving as an electron messenger. This study unveils a synergistic microbial network to boost caproate production in mixed culture carboxylates chain elongation.

МЕТАБОЛИТЫ ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКИХ БАКТЕРИЙ ОТВЕЧАЮТ ЗА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРОБИОТИКА "ПРОФОРТ®"

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Bacillus Sp

МЕЛИКИДИ В.Х., ТЮРИНА Д.Г., СЕЛИВАНОВ Д.Г., НОВИКОВА Н.И. ООО «БИОТРОФ», Санкт-Петербург Аннотация: Приведены данные исследования методом газожидкостной хроматомасс-спектрометрии метаболитов, синтезируемых пробиотическими бактериями, входящими в состав кормовой добавки «Профорт®». Проведен опыт в условиях интенсивного промышленного птицеводства по применению кормовой добавки «Профорт®» (50 тыс. голов бройлеров в группе). Среди метаболитов пробиотических штаммов Enterococcus sp. и Bacillus sp. обнаружены такие полезные вещества, как молочная кислота, уксусная, пропионовая и другие короткоцепочечные (летучие) жирные кислоты, активные пептиды. Результаты зоотехнического опыта показали, что при скармливании бройлерам пробиотика «Профорт®» (500 г/т) живая масса при убое в 40 дней была выше контроля на 6,9%, конверсия корма улучшилась на 3,0%, а европейский индекс продуктивности бройлеров - на 5,69%. Ключевые слова: ПРОБИОТИКИ, МЕТАБОЛИТЫ, ЛЕТУЧИЕ ЖИРНЫЕ КИСЛОТЫ, ЦЫПЛЯТА-БРОЙЛЕРЫ,ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ, PROBIOTICS, METABOLITES, VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS, BROILER CHICKS,PRODUCTIVITY

Studies on the Levels of Volatile Fatty Acids for Growing-Fattening Lambs

1962 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Essig ◽  
U. S. Garrigus ◽  
B. Connor Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids

Effect of Dietary Volatile Fatty Acids on Nitrogen Balance in Chickens.

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-351
Author(s):  
Hiroshi KAMISOYAMA ◽  
Zeng-Tao SUN ◽  
Mineo HASHIGUCHI ◽  
Yutaka ISSHIKI
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids
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