Drying of Sewage Sludge – An Important Step in Waste Disposal

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Grüter ◽  
M. Matter ◽  
K. H. Oehlmann ◽  
M. D. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Contact Drying

Industrial drying techniques are successfully used processes. They are usually used for the production of base materials for industries such as food, chemical and pharmaceutical. These processes can be transferred without any difficulty for the drying of sewage sludge. Thermal drying as a process for the purpose of water removal is an important link in waste management between sludge production and sludge disposal. Two systems, convection and contact drying, are here compared. Contact drying in the thin film evaporation process is explained. Explanation and proposed uses of the single and two-stage drying systems will be discussed. Finally a short review of incurred expenses will be given.

Changes of some sewage sludge parameters prepared with an ultrasonic field

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
January Bien ◽  
Lidia Wolny
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Additional Criterion ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Sludge Conditioning

Studies of sewage sludge conditioning by ultrasonic field concentrate on determination of the increase of water removal effect, which depends on kind of sludge and chemical compounds used in the dewatering process. An attempt was made to find new methods of sludge preparation before dewatering. Tests presented here focused on digested and difficult dewatered sludge. The sludge was dewatered on a vacuum filter after conditioning with polyelectrolytes and the ultrasonic field. The microscopic analysis was an additional criterion to evaluate changes in the sludge structure after preparation. The polyelectrolyte dose of 3 mg/g d.m. sonicated within 15 sec. resulted in the 50% decrease of sludge volume. Results presented confirmed our previous experiences, concerning the relation between conglomerates of sludge and the effect of dewatering.

An Ultrafast Vitrification Method for Cell Cryopreservation

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengmin Su ◽  
Nannan Zhao ◽  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Hongbin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cryoprotective Solution ◽  
Ultrafast Cooling

Ultrafast cooling is the key to successful cell vitrification cryopreservation of lower concentration cryoprotective solution. This research develops a cell cryopreservation methodology which utilizes thin film evaporation and achieves vitrification of relatively low concentration cryoprotectant with an ultrafast cooling rate. Experimental results show that the average cooling rate of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) cryoprotective solution reaches 150,000 °C/min in a temperature range from 10 °C to −180 °C. The ultrafast cooling rate can remarkably improve the vitrification tendencies of the cryoprotective solution. This methodology opens the possibility for more successful cell vitrification cryopreservation.

A short review on encapsulation of bioactive compounds using different drying techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-296
Author(s):  
S.K. Abdul Mudalip ◽  
M.N. Khatiman ◽  
N.A. Hashim ◽  
R. Che Man ◽  
Z.I.M. Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Drying Techniques

Theoretical Analysis of Thin Film Evaporation in the Wicks of Loop Heat Pipes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bingyao Lin ◽  
Nanxi Li ◽  
Shiyue Wang ◽  
Leren Tao ◽  
Guangming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Loop Heat Pipes ◽  
Thin Film Evaporation ◽  
Film Evaporation ◽  
Quantity Of Heat

Abstract In this paper, a thin film evaporation model that includes expressions for energy, mass and momentum conservation was established through the augmented Young-Laplace model. Based on this model, the effects of pore size and superheating on heat transfer during thin film evaporation were analyzed. The influence of the wick diameter of the loop heat pipe (LHP) on the critical heat flux of the evaporator is analyzed theoretically. The results show that pore size and superheating mainly influence evaporation through changes in the length of the transition film and intrinsic meniscus. The contribution of the transition film area is mainly reflected in the heat transfer coefficient, and the contribution of the intrinsic meniscus area is mainly apparent in the quantity of heat that is transferred. When an LHP evaporator is operating in a state of surface evaporation, a higher heat transfer coefficient can be achieved using a smaller pore size.

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