Changes in the Composition of the Danube River Basin Biocenosis Resulting from Anthropogenic Influences

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlasta Pujin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Flooded Forests ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Flooded Areas

In the last several decades, anthropogenic processes have brought about a number of changes in the ecosystem of the river Danube. Various hydroengineering schemes have decreased the flooded areas and flooded forests typical of the Danubian basin. Industrial and community waste waters of the centers along the river have loaded it with various organic and inorganic wastes. All this affected the composition of certain members of biocenoses. A number of plant and animal species disappeared from this ecosystem, while some new species have been introduced. Organic production in some sections multiplied, this pointing to the eutrophication process. Due to the large water body, selfpurification process has so far eliminated the load. However, the changes ocurring already provide a warning and are calling for protection measures.

Considerations About the Urucu-Manaus Gas Pipeline Project

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cla´udio Henrique Lobianco Garcia Villela ◽  
Luiz de Carvalho Dias Correia
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Know How ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Pipeline Project ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flooded Areas

The main purpose of this job is to present the characteristics that influenced the elaboration of the Urucu-Manaus Gas Pipeline Project and the difference between this pipeline and other pipelines already installed on the Amazon region. In this project were emphasized the aspects related to the route definition, mapping technologies that had not been utilized in our pipeline projects, the crossing of vast flooded areas, requiring specific studies, as well the minimization of the environment impacts, in this case the existence of animal species present only in this region. Other differential factor was the Rio Negro crossing, where the pipeline will be installed in the riverbed. The know-how attained with this project consolidates ever so the activity of building pipelines in tropical forest regions.

Considerations on the influence of extreme events on the phosphorus transport from river catchments to the sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zessner ◽  
C. Postolache ◽  
A. Clement ◽  
A. Kovacs ◽  
P. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Phosphorus Transport ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Total P

In this paper, results from rivers of different sizes in Romania, Hungary and Austria are presented. The paper shows the dynamics of extreme events and their contribution to the total P and suspended solids transported in these rivers. Special attention is paid to the influence of the size of the catchment and the event probability on the relative contribution of a single event to the total loads transported in the river. Further, the development of phosphorus loads along the Danube River at a flood event is shown. From the results it can be concluded that there is no immediate influence of high flow and flood events in upstream parts of the Basin on the transport of phosphorus from the catchment to the receiving Sea. Particle-bound phosphorus is mobilised from the catchment (through erosion) and the river bottom to a high extent at high flow events and transported at peak discharges to downstream, where retention by sedimentation of particles takes place. On the one hand this retention is a transport to flooded areas. In this case it can be considered as more or less long term retention. On the other hand sedimentation takes place in the riverbed, in case the tractive effort of the river is reduced. In this second case the P-pool in the sediments of the sedimentation area will be increased. If anaerobic conditions in the sediment appear, part of the phosphorus will be transformed to soluble ortho-phosphate and will continuously contribute to the phosphorus transport to the receiving sea. Part of the P-retained in the river sediment will be mobilised by resuspension at the next biggest high flow event. Altogether, these alternating processes of suspension, transport, export to flooded areas or sedimentation in the river bed with partly solution and partly resuspension at the next event decrease the share of the phosphorus transport during high flow events on the total loads transported in the more downstream parts of a catchments as compared to the more upstream parts. In the year of occurrence of an extreme flood event the P-transport of this year is dominated by the flood event. As an average over many years the contribution of high flow events to the total P-transport still may be between 7 and 20% in smaller catchments (around 1,000 km2). In a big catchment (e.g. river Danube) much smaller contributions of flood events on the total P-transport can be expected as an average over many years.

Responses of ungulates to seasonal inundations in the Amazon floodplain

1990 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Bodmer
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tayassu Pecari ◽  
Amazon Floodplain ◽  
Flooded Forests ◽  
Tapirus Terrestris ◽  
Collared Peccary ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Brocket Deer ◽  
Mazama Americana

ABSTRACTTerrestrial ungulates use different strategies to cope with widespread annual flooding of the Amazon basin. Red brocket deer (Mazama americana) and collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) retreat to floodplain islands and shift from a frugivorous to a woody browse diet. However, both white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) and lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) diets are unaffected by inundations; in the case of white-lipped peccary because they migrate into and out of flooded areas and in the case of lowland tapir because of their semi-aquatic nature. These-strategies of white-lipped peccary and lowland tapir enable them to exploit the greater fruit production of flooded forests more frequently than brocket deer and collared peccary.

scholarly journals Review Article: Structural flood-protection measures referring to several European case studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kryžanowski ◽  
M. Brilly ◽  
S. Rusjan ◽  
S. Schnabl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Flood Risk Management ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Structural Measures ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Abstract. The paper presents a review of structural measures that were taken to cope with floods in some cities along the Danube River, such as Vienna, Bratislava, and Belgrade. These cities were also considered as case studies within the KULTURisk project. The structural measures are reviewed and compared to each other according to the type, duration of application, the return period of the design flood event, how the project measures are integrated into spatial planning and the problems that occur in the flood defences today. Based on this review, some suggestions are given on how to improve the flood risk management in flood-prone areas.

scholarly journals Review "Structural flood-protection measures referring to several European case studies"

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kryžanowski ◽  
M. Brilly ◽  
S. Rusjan ◽  
S. Schnabl
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Flood Defense ◽  
Structural Measures ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

Abstract. The paper presents a critical review of structural measures that were taken to cope with floods in some cities along the Danube River, such as Vienna, Bratislava, Belgrade, and Barcolennette area along the Ubaye River. These cities are also taken as case studies within the KULTURisk project. The structural measures are critically reviewed and compared to each other. Based on this review some suggestions are given how to improve the flood defense in flood prone areas.

Water Resources of the Danube River Basin; Sources of Pollution and Control and Protection Measures

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Milorad Miloradov
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
And Control ◽  
Danube River Basin

This paper discusses the basic characteristics of the water resources of the Danube River basin, including the contributions of the territories of the individual states to the discharge volume of the river. The paper further outlines the major sources of pollution and the trends of various water quality parameters (e.g., BOD5 and nitrates) at the profile of the Danube flowing into Yugoslavia. Finally, the main protection and control measures necessary to safeguard the waters of the Danube River basin from degradation are discussed.

Heavy Metal Contents in Invertebrates of the Danube River

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yu Yevtushenko ◽  
N. V. Bren ◽  
Yu M. Sytnik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Primary Stage ◽  
The Danube River ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Different Levels

The paper presents results of heavy metals content in hydrobionts and bioindication of heavy metals primary stage entrance in freshwater ecosystems, The nature investigations which were made on Danube reaches with different levels of anthropogenic influences showed the heavy metals content in invertebrates is determined by changability of heavy metals concentration in water and sediments and their species differences.

Sustainability of a sanitation program in flooded areas of the Brazilian Amazon

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Rosinski Lima Gomes ◽  
Edila Arnaud Ferreira Moura ◽  
João Paulo Borges Pedro ◽  
Maria Mercês Bezerra ◽  
Otacílio Soares Brito
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Flooded Forests ◽  
Experimental Project ◽  
Seasonally Flooded ◽  
Flooded Areas

Riverine populations that dwell in flooded forests (várzea) require suitable solutions for sanitation. An experimental project was started in 1998, using double-vault toilets in seasonally flooded houses in the Brazilian Amazon. The objective was to improve the health of inhabitants using adequate sanitation technology and health education. The focus of the present study was the assessment of that intervention. We compiled information from reports, local assessments, and interviews with users. In 2012, 14 years after the beginning of the project, 44% of the double-vault toilets were still in use. The main benefits noticed were awareness of the importance of toilets for reducing outdoor human waste and providing comfort, privacy, and safety for families. The sanitation project succeeded in reducing open defecation and raised the interest and demand for toilets. However, there is still a need for improving the construction of toilets and to better adapt them to flooded environments. We also include suggestions for improving the toilets and their use in flooded areas.

scholarly journals Which animals are at risk? Predicting species susceptibility to Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Alexander ◽  
CT Schoeder ◽  
JA Brown ◽  
CD Smart ◽  
C Moth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractIn only a few months, the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic, leaving physicians, scientists, and public health officials racing to understand, treat, and contain this zoonotic disease. SARS-CoV-2 has made the leap from animals to humans, but little is known about variations in species susceptibility that could identify potential reservoir species, animal models, and the risk to pets, wildlife, and livestock. While there is evidence that certain species, such as cats, are susceptible, the vast majority of animal species, including those in close contact with humans, have unknown susceptibility. Hence, methods to predict their infection risk are urgently needed. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is critical for viral cell entry and infection. Here we identified key ACE2 residues that distinguish susceptible from resistant species using in-depth sequence and structural analyses of ACE2 and its binding to SARS-CoV-2. Our findings have important implications for identification of ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 residues for therapeutic targeting and identification of animal species with increased susceptibility for infection on which to focus research and protection measures for environmental and public health.

scholarly journals A FIRST RECORD OF EPHORON VIRGO (OLIVIER, 1791) (EPHEMEROPTERA: POLYMITARCYIDAE) FROM THE SAVA RIVER, WITH NOTES ON ITS ECOLOGICAL PREFERENCES AND RARITY OF FINDINGS IN THE REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Vanja Marković ◽  
Margareta Kračun-Kolarević ◽  
Stoimir Kolarević ◽  
Bojana Tubić ◽  
Marija Ilić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Large Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Iron Gate ◽  
Grab Sample ◽  
Sava River ◽  
The Sava River

Ephoron virgo (Olivier, 1791) is an European burrowing filter-feeding mayfly species. Once common in large rivers, in XX century it became rare due to increased negative anthropogenic influences. In Serbia there was only one recent report of its presence, from the Danube River (Iron Gate area). The aim of this paper is to report on the first finding of E. virgo from the Sava River, and to discuss its scarce findings in the region. Three larval specimens were found in the Belgrade region in grab sample taken in 2014. In order to assess the development of the population in the region, a comprehensive investigation should be conducted.

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