scholarly journals Study on optimal start-up time and water usage volume of blowdown residue discharge of mesh filter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Shi ◽  
Zhenji Liu ◽  
Yan Xie ◽  
Man Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Filtration Time ◽  
Filtration Cycle ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Median Point

Abstract The water volume used for blowdown of a mesh filter is one of the important indicators to evaluate the economic benefit of a mesh filter. The amount of water used for drainage of the mesh filter can be controlled by setting the start-up time of the blowdown residue discharge of the mesh filter. Through the indoor prototype test, the sediment of the Manas riverbed in Xinjiang, China, was used as the filter medium to test the mesh filter and analyze the water usage volume at each stage. The test focused on the analysis of the trend of the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the mesh filter over the filtration time. The results showed that as the filtration time was prolonged, the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the mesh filter showed an S-shaped curve with time. The pressure difference between the inlet and outlet can be divided into four stages, i.e., the start of filtering to the first inflection point of the abrupt change in the pressure difference, the first inflection point of the abrupt pressure difference change to the median point of filtering, the median point of filtering to the second inflection point of the abrupt change in the pressure difference, and the second inflection point of the abrupt pressure difference change to the end of filtering. At the same time, the water usage volume for blowdown was calculated under various working conditions. This paper analyzed the start-up time of blowdown at three different time points, i.e., after the completion of the entire filtration cycle of the traditional mesh filter, at the first inflection point of pressure difference, and at the second inflection point of pressure difference. The tests were performed under the condition that the filtration cycle of the mesh filter was ten days. The results have shown that compared with the traditional screen filter that starts the blowdown at the end of the entire filtration cycle, starting the blowdown at the first inflection point of pressure difference can save 200–300 m3 of water resources for a single mesh filter, and starting the blowdown at the second inflection point of pressure difference can save 30–90 m3 of water resources for a single mesh filter. Meanwhile, the working conditions in the analyses in this paper were consistent with the actual engineering operating conditions. It is recommended that the mesh filter in the micro-irrigation system use the first inflection point of pressure difference to control the start-up time of the blowdown residue discharge, which can not only save water resources, but also ensure that the mesh filter runs at the optimal filtering conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of Ignition Channel on the Ignition Performance of Ignition Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jiang Chang ◽  
Gongping Wu ◽  
Hanwei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Liquid Propellant ◽  
Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine ◽  
Ignition Device ◽  
Propellant Rocket ◽  
Solid Type

Based on relative theories of gas dynamics and computational fluid dynamics, the flow field computation software ANSYS Fluent was used to simulate the steady flow field of the solid type ignition device of liquid-propellant rocket engine in two working conditions (condition I: without ignition channel, condition II: with ignition channel). On this basis, the influence of ignition channel on the working characteristics of the solid type ignition device of the liquid-propellant rocket engine was analyzed and experimentally tested. The results showed that when the pressure in the combustion chamber was atmospheric pressure, under condition II, the gas velocity at the throat of the ignition device did not reach the sonic velocity, and the position of sonic velocity moved to the downstream section of the ignition channel. Compared to condition I, the gas velocity and energy at the ignition outlet increased, which would be beneficial for initial ignition, and the gas pressure and temperature at the throat increased as well, indicating that the structural strength at the throat should be evaluated. The gas flow, gas pressure, and gas temperature at the ignition outlet decreased compared to working condition I, yet the changes were small and would have minimal effect on the ignition performance. During the pressure increase process in the combustion chamber, the gas pressure, velocity, temperature, flow, and energy at the ignition outlet experienced a steady stage in both working conditions before coming to an inflection point. The inflection point under condition II is smaller than that under condition I. To improve the ignition reliability, the working pressure of the ignition device should be further increased.

scholarly journals Review: Sustainable Water Resources Engineering and Management; Nigerian Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J Gana ◽  
M. F. Amodu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Engineering Discipline ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Ideal Approach ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Sustainability

Water resources sustainability is essential to life because all living things and some non-living things need it to complete their processes. The water usage is rising, hence pressure on the availability, and some instances rose to crisis level. These pressures were due to population growth, increases in irrigated land, deforestation, soil and land degradation, and wastages. Engineering is one of the majors’ components in tackling water resources sustainability. Therefore, this paper reviews the general concepts of sustainable water resources from an engineering and management perspective. The method adopted to realize the aim of the research was a thorough literature review. Engineering has three sub-components, these are Ecological, Economic, and social sustainability. Failure in one of these sub-components is a failure of the component. The literature revealed that Water resources sustainability is a multifaceted discipline therefore, engineering discipline alone would not solve it. However, this paper proffered some recommendations and the way forward. These recommendations are the steps required at the watersheds level, the engineering strategies aspects, and the management strategy. It concluded that a holistic approach where all shareholders will be involved is an ideal approach.

Cardagin: Local Mobile Rewards

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rajkumar Venkatesan ◽  
Kelly Ateya ◽  
Adam Harr
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Start Up

Cardagin, a new start-up in the increasingly competitive space of consumer/merchant apps for smartphones, is reaching an inflection point: decisions it makes at this stage can determine whether it becomes a national presence or an also-ran. The CEO needs to demonstrate the value of Cardagin's service to retailers and consumers in compelling ways. The case provides students an opportunity to analyze a new digital venture, explore expansion options, and evaluate the challenges in working with many small businesses, each with its own idiosyncrasies.

New Designs in Fuel Dispensing System to Reduce Water Hammer

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. J. Liu ◽  
Z. Y. Wang ◽  
Z. Y. Huang ◽  
J. Lumkes
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Service Station ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Flow Rate Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Hammer Effect ◽  
Rapid Pressure ◽  
Nozzle Structure

Dispensers are used for refueling vehicles at the service station. During the refueling process, the velocity of fluid changes rapidly in several working conditions, which results in a rapid pressure increasing or a water hammer effect occurring. Water hammer, often causes leakage or failure of dispensers, occurs due to pump start-up and shut-down, valves opening or closing during the refueling process. This paper experimentally characterized and theoretically calculated the impact of water hammer on the dispensers at the service station. New designs of nozzle structure and new flow-rate control modes are made to reduce the water hammer in the fuel dispensing system. Eventually, all the water hammers are reduced significantly during the refueling process under the new design modes.

scholarly journals Adaptation opportunities for water security in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-121
Author(s):  
Vânia Rosa Pereira ◽  
Daniel Andrés Rodriguez ◽  
Sonia Maria Viggiani Coutinho ◽  
Diogo Victor Santos ◽  
José Antônio Marengo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
The Political ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Usage Context

We sought to identify priorities and adaptation opportunities for water security across the various Brazilian biomes. With ever-growing demand and water-usage, future climate scenarios suggest that further water resources management constraints are to be endured throughout the next two decades. The unbalance between high-quality water demand and availability in a multisectoral usage context (e.g., domestic, industry, agribusiness) highlights the socio-ecological Nexus+ concept's relevance. In this context, the political and cross-institutional articulation and flexibility play a significant role in steering adaptative actions. These challenges in defining action plans, adequately addressed at a multiscale level with inherent climatic uncertainties, are yet to be overcome in Brazilian water resources management.  

scholarly journals COVID-19 Lockdown Disruptions on Water Resources, Wastewater, and Agriculture in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Balamurugan ◽  
K. S. Kasiviswanathan ◽  
Idhayachandhiran Ilampooranan ◽  
B.-S. Soundharajan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Process Based Models

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted daily activities across multiple sectors globally. The extent of its impact on the global economy and its key sectors, especially water, wastewater, and associated sectors such as agriculture, is still unclear. In this paper, the preliminary impacts of COVID-19 on water resources of India, especially on the river water quality, water usage in domestic and commercial sectors, wastewater treatment sector, and agriculture sector, are discussed. The limitations in the functioning of the existing system and management of water resources are identified. The need for improvements to strengthen the water resources monitoring and developing process-based models are highlighted. This paper also discusses the need for further investigation to identify the extent of impact and contributing factors to improve our understanding of the natural system for preparing, monitoring, and implementing the policies to manage the water resources during any pandemic/epidemics in the future.

scholarly journals Innovative Smart Water Management System Using Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4726-4734
Author(s):  
Aamir Khambati Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Custom Made

The research paper proposes an effective solution to the critical problem of management of water resources. With the growing awareness of the need for water conservation, the world is gearing to accommodate and implement latest technology for the optimum utilisation of the drying up reservoirs. This paper aims at developing a cost effective, portable and ready to plug mechanism labelled as “Innovative Smart Water Management System Using Artificial Intelligence” which shall monitor the proportion of water usage per household and keep a tracking on metric usage on the water usage on a weekly, monthly or a yearly basis. The data generated will be established and collected in the Firebase server.  Based on the collected data, it shall also make predictions on the usage and hence allocate resources in a controlled fashion as per requirement. Later the data will be modelled in Time Series fashion to generate real time prediction of water consumption for the household respectively. The water consumer can track the usage by a custom-made android application on MIT App Inventor. Extensive, detailed instructions have been provided on the initial setup procedure and installation. The water monitoring module is used on a daily basis and a tab is kept on the amount of water spilled. This will keep a check on the casual approach of people towards water. It will also encourage a more systematic method to handle water resources and hence would result in better conservation efforts

Nutrient Recovery at the F. Wayne Hill Water Resources Center: Wasstrip Design and Full Scale Start Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-503
Author(s):  
Scott Hardy ◽  
Brandon Brown ◽  
Vivi Nguyen ◽  
Edward McCallum ◽  
Ron Latimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
Start Up

Cardagin: Local Mobile Rewards

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rajkumar Venkatesan ◽  
Kelly Ateya ◽  
Adam Harr
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Start Up

Cardagin, a new start-up in the increasingly competitive space of consumer/merchant apps for smartphones, is reaching an inflection point: decisions it makes at this stage can determine whether it becomes a national presence or an also-ran. The CEO needs to demonstrate the value of Cardagin’s service to retailers and consumers in compelling ways. The case provides students an opportunity to analyze a new digital venture, explore expansion options, and evaluate the challenges in working with many small businesses, each with its own idiosyncrasies.

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