scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of irrigation water in western Himalayas, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 3368-3379
Author(s):  
Haider Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Zafar Khan ◽  
Farida Begum ◽  
Nani Raut ◽  
Smriti Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Maximum Parameters ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Appropriate irrigation water quality is essential for maintaining soil properties. This study investigates numerous physicochemical properties of irrigation water in three Himalayan valleys in northern Pakistan, receiving water from different sources. A total of 36 samples (3 replicates from four points at each site) were randomly collected and analyzed following standard laboratory techniques. The results revealed that most of the physicochemical parameters were within the permissible limits as specified by FAO, USEPA, and WWF for agriculture water. However, the total dissolved solids, potassium, mercury, nickel, and cadmium were found beyond the recommended ranges. Analysis of variance indicated that the mean values of various constituents differed significantly across the sources. Among the water sources, the mix of spring and glacial meltwater was found to contain maximum parameters within the permissible limits. The study recommends further investigating the implications of the existing water quality parameters on crop productivity and human health.

scholarly journals Detecting spatiotemporal variability in the physicochemical properties of water in the Lower Mearim using remote sensing data

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e32
Author(s):  
George Colares Silva Filho ◽  
Juliana Martins dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Cesar Mendes Villis ◽  
Ingrid Santos Gonçalves ◽  
Isael Coelho Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Solids Content

Natural or anthropogenic chemical compounds of different origins often accumulate in estuarine regions. These compounds may alter the water quality. Therefore, It is important to constantly monitor the quality of estuarine regions. A combination of remote sensing and traditional sampling can lead to a better monitoring program for water quality parameters. The objective of this work is to assess the spatiotemporal variability of the physicochemical properties of water in the lower region of the Mearim River and estimate water quality parameters via remote sensing. Samples were collected at 16 points, from Baixo Arari to the mouth of the watershed, using a multiparameter meter and Landsat 8 satellite images. The physicochemical parameters of the water had high salinity levels, between 2.30 and 20.10 parts per trillion; a high total dissolved solids content, between 2.77 and 19.70 g/L; and minimum dissolved oxygen values. Estimating the physicochemical properties of the water via remote sensing proved feasible, particularly in the dry season when there is less cloud cover.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality assessment of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo Talukas of District Qambar Shahdadkot, Sindh

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani ◽  
Muhammad Yar Khuhawar ◽  
Taj Muhammad Jahangir Khuhawar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe study examines the water quality of Shahdadkot, Qubo Saeed Khan and Sijawal Junejo talukas of Qambar Shahdadkot District, less affected by industrial contamination. A total of 38 groundwater samples were collected and analysed for 28 parameters. The results indicated that 57.89% samples were not suitable for drinking purpose with total dissolved solids above than maximum permissible limit of World Health Organization (WHO) (1000 mg/L). The pH, total phosphate, orthophosphate and nitrite were within WHO limits. The concentration of essential metals more than half samples, fluoride in 60.52% and heavy metals 0–50% were contaminated higher than permissible limits of WHO. The statistical analysis of water quality parameters was also carried out to evaluate coefficient of determination among the parameters, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Water quality determined for irrigation based on Kelly index (KI), sodium percentage (Na%), chloride–sulphate ratio, sodium adsorption ratio, permeability index (PI), chloroalkaline indices 1 (CAI-1), residual sodium carbonate and chloride bicarbonate ratio indicated that samples (55 to 100%) could be used for irrigation purposes. The consumption of water with high concentration of salts and fluoride above the permissible limits may be a cause of a number of diseases in the area.

scholarly journals Investigation of surface water quality of the Buriganga river in Bangladesh: Laboratory and spatial analysis approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Romana Afroz ◽  
Md Bodruddoza Mia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Buriganga River

This work has been conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Buriganga river. In situ water quality parameters and water samples were collected from 10 locations in January 2016 and analyzed later in laboratory for water quality parameters such as pH, Eh, EC, TDS, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2, As3+), anions (Cl-, HCO3-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, F-, Br-, PO43-), heavy metals (Cr2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd+2, Fe2+, Mn2+) to see whether or not the level of these parameters are within the permissible limits. The average values of pH, Eh, EC and temperature were 7.31, –214.9 mV, 928.9 μs/cm and 21.4°C, respectively; the average concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and As3+ were 109.62, 13.38, 46.78, 13.98 and 0.018 mg/l, respectively, while the concentrations of Cl-,HCO3-, PO43-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, F and Br -were 79, 331.06, 2.22, 84.32, 0.0254, 0.058, 0.224 and 0.073 mg/l, respectively; and the concentration of heavy metals Pb2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+were 0.28, 0.053, 0.17 and 0.23 mg/l, respectively. The study indicates that most of the parameters are within the permissible limits set by Bangladesh water quality standard. The concentrations of K+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ were beyond the permissible limits meaning that that the water of Buriganga is not safe for drinking. The people living beside Buriganga river should be more cautious about using the polluted/contaminated river water. The concerned authorities should take urgent necessary steps to improve the degraded water quality of the river considering the ecological, environmental and economic implications associated with it. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 147-158, 2019 (July)

scholarly journals Application of Water Quality Index for the Assessment of Water from Different Sources in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Olubukola Ajoke Adelagun ◽  
Emmanuel Edet Etim ◽  
Oko Emmanuel Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Single Number ◽  
Different Sources

Water quality index (WQI) provides a single number that expresses the overall water quality, at a certain location and time, based on several water quality parameters. The objective of WQI is to turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and usable by the public. A number of indices have been developed to summarize water quality data in an easily expressible and easily understood format. The WQI is basically a mathematical means of calculating a single value from multiple test results. This chapter discusses, in detail, the application of a water quality index for the assessment of water quality to different several water sources in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Monitoring Water Quality Parameters of Khirisan River in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Yaser Ibrahim Jasem ◽  
Qassem H. Jalut ◽  
Salah N. Farhan ◽  
Muataz H. Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Feeding Area

In this work, a set of physical, chemical and biological parameters were analysed for Khirisan river from the period extending from December 2017up to November 2018. The samples were selected from three different sites, agricultural, commercial and residential area to assess the water quality of the river for drinking and irrigation purposes. The study showed that a number of diversity factors were recognized which have a direct effect on the quality of Khirisan river. This includes the catchment feeding area of the river, untreated domestic sewage from the restaurants, cafeterias and government buildings which are adjacent to the river. Water quality of Khirisan river, according to the Iraqi and international standards, satisfies the limits of the rules of the drinking purposes for all studied parameters except the values of calcium ions and total hardness value for some rainy months as well as to organic load. The mean values of BOD5 and COD for the three sites were 7.7 and 36 mg/l. In terms of irrigation purposes, the water quality of the river can be considered low to medium damage in terms of salinity and sodium hazards. In terms of chloride risk, there are no toxicity problems to the roots and leaves of the plants. Therefore, it requires a continual intensive water quality monitoring program to reduce its impact.

ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION HAZARDS OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCE IN ABEOKUTA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN STATE, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
S A ISHOLA ◽  
V MAKINDE ◽  
I C OKEYODE ◽  
F G AKINBORO ◽  
H AYEDUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

Pollution of wells and borehole water, either from point or non-point sources, has become a matter of health concern both in urban and rural areas. Groundwater is tapped for domestic uses through the con-struction of hand dug wells and boreholes. However, while providing an alternative to the public water supply sources; most of the boreholes are often located too close to possible contamination sources. Various land use and human activities such as solid waste landfills, cemetery and animal wastes, among others can result in ground water contamination. In an open or buried dumping solid waste or sanitary landfill, the organic and inorganic by-products resulting from the decomposition of wastes are leached out by the infiltration of rainfall. A release of leachate to the surrounding soil without proper collection and treatment could contaminate groundwater resources. Many of the wells and boreholes in the study area were found to be indiscriminately located and scattered among such impairing lands/features. This study was therefore aimed at assessing the pollution hazards and vulnerability of groundwater resource in Abe-okuta North Local Government Area (LGA) by sampling some boreholes from selected locations in the area. Water samples were collected and analyzed for water quality parameters using standard proce-dures. The parameters determined were Turbidity, Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Solids (TS), Total hardness, cations {Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), iron (Fe)}, anions {Chloride (Cl-), Nitrate (NO3-), Sulphate (SO42-), Phosphate (PO43-)}, and heavy metals {lead (Pb2+), Zinc (Zn2+), Copper (Cu2+)}. Results were subjected to statistical evaluations using SPSS 18.0 for descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was observed that the elemental parameters in the bore-holes sampled have mean values of the concentrations of Fe2+, Na+, Cl- , SO42-, Pb2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ higher during the wet season relative to dry season. For the physico-chemical parameters, it was equally observed that parameters such as EC, TDS, TS, TSS were higher during the wet season than dry season while turbidity, temperature, pH and total hardness were higher during dry season than in the wet season. Water quality parameters such as Fe2+, Pb2+, NO3-, and EC have mean values greater than World Health Organization and NESREA maximum permissible standards for drinking water. Elevated values of these parameters are of great concern to public health when the water from these boreholes is consumed without treatment by people. It is recommended that well and borehole waters in this area be adequately treated before consumption using advanced inorganic removal techniques such as Nano-filtration and Reverse Osmosis to safeguard human health in the study area.Keywords: Boreholes, pollution, water quality, public health, physico-chemical

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Quevedo-Castro ◽  
Erick R. Bandala ◽  
Jesús G. Rangel-Peraza ◽  
Leonel E. Amábilis-Sosa ◽  
Antonio Sanhouse-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Probabilistic Neural Network ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Trophic State Index ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Limiting Nutrient

A water quality study was carried out at the Adolfo López Mateos (ALM) reservoir, one of the largest tropical reservoirs in Mexico, located within an intensive agricultural region. In this study, the seasonal and spatial variations of nine water quality parameters were evaluated at four different sites along the reservoir semiannually over a period of seven years (2012–2018), considering the spring (dry) and fall (rainy) seasons. An analysis of variance was performed to compare the mean values of the water quality parameters for the different sampling sites. Then, a multiparametric classification analysis was carried out to estimate the spatial density of the sampling points by using a probabilistic neural network (PNN) classifier. The observations (seasonal and spatial) of the water quality parameters at the ALM reservoir revealed no significant influence. The trophic status was evaluated using the Carlson Modified Trophic State Index, finding the trophic state of the reservoir at the mesotrophic level, with nitrogen being the limiting nutrient. The PNN revealed neural interactions between total suspended solids (TSS) and the other four parameters, indicating that the concentration ranges of five parameters are equally distributed and classified.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of plankton population of Borobila beel in Rangpur district

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
MMR Chowdhury ◽  
MRK Mondol ◽  
C Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Zooplankton ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Phytoplankton ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Plankton Population

Seasonal variation of the plankton populations with some water quality parameters of Borobila beel, Rangpur district was carried out during July 2003 to June 2004. Total plankton ranged from 98.3×104 to 35.0×105 cells/l with mean values of 19.67±9.77×105 cells/l. A total of 51 genera of planktons were recorded belonging to Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, Crustacea and Rotifera. Among the phytoplankton, Euglenophyceae was the most dominant group and contributing 33% of total phytoplankton in Borobila beel. The greatest abundance of phytoplankton was recorded in November with an average number 28.83×105 cells/l. The minimum abundance of phytoplankton was recorded in January (61.7×104 cells/l). Among the zooplanktons Crustacea was dominant, contributing 71% of the total zooplankton population. The abundance of zooplankton showed two peaks of which one in the month of August (81.7x 104 cells/l) and another in the month of May (16.7 x104 cells/l). Phytoplankton and zooplankton have a nominal positive relationship. Zooplankton was less increased with the increasing of phytoplankton. Key words: Water quality parameters, plankton population, Borobila beel. Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 26, 2007. pp. 49-54

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